Osteology Of Back

Question 1

of cervical vertebrae

Answer 1

7

Question 2

of thoracic vertebrae

Answer 2

12

Question 3

of lumber vertebrae

Answer 3

5

Question 4

Results from blow to top of head i.e. diving accident.
Fractures on both arches of atlas
Fracture alone does not injure spinal cord
If transverse l. Is ruptured the odontoid process may injure spinal cord

Answer 4

Jefferson fracture

Question 5

Jefferson Fracture

Answer 5

Results from blow to top of head i.e. diving accident.
Fractures on both arches of atlas
Fracture alone does not injure spinal cord
If transverse l. Is ruptured the odontoid process may injure spinal cord

Question 6

Fracture of vertebral arch of axis or Fracture of the Odontoid Process
Occurs as a result of hyperextension of the head on the neck or after horizontal blow to the head.

Answer 6

Hangman’s Fracture

Question 7

Hangman’s Fracture

Answer 7

Fracture of vertebral arch of axis or Fracture of the Odontoid Process
Occurs as a result of hyperextension of the head on the neck or after horizontal blow to the head.

Question 8

If odontoid process breaks at its base,

Answer 8

It will usually not heal, because the transverse l. holds it away from its blood supply.

Question 9

If odontoid process breaks inferior to its base

Answer 9

It is much more likely to heal

Question 10

The axis fractures in what two places

Answer 10

odontoid process and vertebral arch

Question 11

Which cervical vertebrae are typical?

Answer 11

C3-6

Question 12

Vertebral Lamina fail to fuse & close off the vertebral canal.
Occurs at L5 & S1
Often tuft of hair exists over defect

Answer 12

Spina Bifida Occulta

Question 13

Spina Bifida Occulta

Answer 13

Vertebral Lamina fail to fuse & close off the vertebral canal.
Occurs at L5 & S1
Often tuft of hair exists over defect

Question 14

Where is the vertebral a. transmitted?

Answer 14

Transverse Foramen (C1-C6)

Question 15

Attachment point for Levator Scapulae & Scalene muscles

Answer 15

Posterior Tubercle

Question 16

Posterior Tubercle is the attachment point for

Answer 16

Levator Scapulae & Scalene muscles

Question 17

Anterior Tubercle is the attachment point for

Answer 17

Levator Scapulae & Scalene

Question 18

Carotid Tubercle

Answer 18

The C6 anterior tubercle

Question 19

Has a depressed area that accommodates the

Answer 19

Anterior Rami of Spinal nerves

Question 20

Which cervical vertebrae has a long and well pronounced spinous process

Answer 20

C7

Question 21

Sometimes breaking/dislocation of cervical vertebrae does not result in spinal cord injury. Why?

Answer 21

because of the large vertebral foramen

Question 22

___________ are more horizontal than that of other vertebrae so it requires less force to dislocate cervical vertebrae

Answer 22

Articulating Facets of Cervical Vertebrae

Question 23

Unique Features of a Cervical Vertebrae

Answer 23

“Bifed spinous process”
Large triangular foramen
Costotransverse bar
Uncinate Processes

Question 24

Unique Features of Thoracic Vertebrae

Answer 24

small round vertebral foramen
“Heart” shaped vertebral body
Well pronounced lamina
Superior & Transverse & Inferior Costal Facet
Strongly inferiorly directed spinous process

Question 25

What does the superior costal facet meet with

Answer 25

The costal (rib) head of the same # segment

Question 26

What does the inferior costal facet meet with

Answer 26

The costal (rib) head one # segment up

Question 27

What does the costal articulating facet of the tubercle meet with

Answer 27

The thoracic vertebral segment that is the same as the rib #

Question 28

Degenerative joint disease Involves calcification of vertebral body edges Cause localized pain & stiffness

Answer 28

Spondylosis

Question 29

Separation/Fracture of lamina/pedical/part of vertebral arch from vertebral body

Answer 29

Spondylolysis

Question 30

Fracture and displacement of vertebral body on the interior vertebral segment

Answer 30

Spondylolisthesis

Question 31

Which ribs are typical

Answer 31

3-9

Question 32

Costal Groove of ribs house what?

Answer 32

Intercoastal nerves & vessels

Question 33

Costal angle is

Answer 33

Anterolateral turning point of the rib

Question 34

Unique Features of Lumber Vertebrae

Answer 34

``` Large Oval shaped vertebral foramen Mammillary Process Accessory Process Long slender transverse process Large kidney shaped vertebral body Short sturdy “Hatchet” shaved spinous Process ```

Question 35

Narrowing of the Lumbar Vertebral foramen | Causes swelling and compression of one or more spinal nerve roots.

Answer 35

Lumbar Spinal Stenosis

Question 36

Where is the needle inserted for a lumbar puncture

Answer 36

L3/L4 or L4/L5 at the level of the iliac crests.

Question 37

Why is the needle for lumbar puncture inserted at those levels

Answer 37

To avoid injuring the spinal cord

Question 38

Describe Lumbar Puncture

Answer 38

Needle passes through the liagmentum flavum it “pops’” and passes into the lumbar cistern deep to the spinal dura and arachnoid matar Roots & rootlets will open up with needle Cerebrospinal fluid can then be draw out and evaluated.

Question 39

(Upper) Median sacral crest is fused

Answer 39

Spinous process

Question 40

(Lower) medial sacral crest is fused

Answer 40

Articulating process

Question 41

Lateral Sacral Crest is fused

Answer 41

transverse processes

Question 42

Partial or complete incorporation of the L5 veterbrae into the sacrum

Answer 42

Sacrilization

Question 43

Separation of the S1 vertebra from the sacrum

Answer 43

Lumbarization

Question 44

Results from falls on lower back & difficult child birth | Result in bruising

Answer 44

Dislocation/Fracture of Coccyx

Question 45

Primary curvatures

Answer 45

Thoracic & Sacral Kyphoses

Question 46

Secondary Curvatures

Answer 46

Cervical & Lumbar Lordoses

Question 47

Exaggerated curving of the thoracic vertebral column | “Hump back”

Answer 47

Kyphosis

Question 48

Exaggerated curving of the lumbar vertebral column | “Sway back”

Answer 48

Lordosis

Question 49

Lateral curving of the spine (either right or left)

Answer 49

Scoliosis