Animal Health

Question 1

Morbility

Answer 1

sickness (used to calculate health of a herd and feedlots)

Question 2

Mortality

Answer 2

death loss

Question 3

Infectious

Answer 3

capabale of invading, growing in living tissue (living organisms)

Question 4

Non-Infectious

Answer 4

disorder not caused by living host

Question 5

Direct Cause

Answer 5

exposure or contact through pathogens

Question 6

In-Direct Contact

Answer 6

airborne through coughs

Question 7

Contagious

Answer 7

disease capable of being transmitted

Question 8

Sub-Clinical

Answer 8

loss of appetite, lung lesions, reduced lung capacity

Question 9

Clinical

Answer 9

can see or measure
pneumonia, snotty nose, temperature, heavy breathing

Question 10

Acute Disease

Answer 10

sharp, quick symptoms
overeating death, milk fever, tetanus

Question 11

Chronic Disease

Answer 11

symptoms progress over time, may not be noticeable at first
not eating, unthrifty (not bright or alert)

Question 12

Causes of Infections

Answer 12

bacteria, viruses, protozoa, parasites, fungi, prion

Question 13

Bacteria

Answer 13

has a cell wall
can vaccine for bacteria
vaccination develops immunity
antibodies attack cell wall

Question 14

Viruses

Answer 14

have no cell wall
very few vaccine, anitbiotics don’t work
prevent secondary infections

Question 15

Protozoa

Answer 15

larger than bacteria
single cell organism
need a vector to transmit

Question 16

Parasites

Answer 16

need a host to live
early more subclinical than clinical
bottle jaw is an early sign
internal and external

Question 17

fungi

Answer 17

grows externally
lamb fungus and ringworm
releases chemicals that mimics the body so the white blood cells don’t recognize it
hard to get rid of, releases spores, can survive in any enivronment

Question 18

Prion

Answer 18

protein that has become deformed and misfolded
CJD - mad cow, chronic wasting disease
no treatment, 100% deadly

Question 19

4 Steps to be considered Infectious Disease

Answer 19

entrance to host
adapt to environment
exit host
infect another host

Question 20

Infectious Disease Transfer

Answer 20

ingested
nasal
blood (west nile
reproducitve (chlaymdia, herpes)
maure (made cow, e coli, salmonella)

Question 21

Zoonotic Diseases

Answer 21

capable of being passed from animals to humans, species to species
Direct Contact, Indirect Contact, Vector-Borne (west nile; ticks, mosquitos), Foodborne (salmonella), waterborne (giardia)

Question 22

Pull

Answer 22

act of removing an animal from the herd that is sick to be treated

Question 23

Detecting Animal Health

Answer 23

Depression (head hanging low, not alert)
Weakness (ears hanging, thinning)
Gauntness (triangle of death, skinny)
Nasal/Eye/Ear Discharge (color and amount)
Cough/Breathing (labored breathing, mouth open)
Feces (scours vs. normal healthy, bacteria, viruses)

Question 24

Diagnosis of Diseases

Answer 24

Diagnosis - process of determining the presence of disease (veterinarians)
Symptoms, deviation from normal, nasal discharge, necropsy

Question 25

Prevention

Answer 25

herd health program
sanitation - cleaning troughs, pens, stalls, etc
proper nutrition - water, good feed, energy, correct proportions
biosecurity - preventing transfer, closed herd or flock
gentics

Question 26

Immunity

Answer 26

ability to resist infection of a disease

Question 27

Anitbodies

Answer 27

recognize infectious agents and attack them
produced by body (spleen, liver, bone marrow)

Question 28

Passive Immunity

Answer 28

passed on via placenta/colostrum

Question 29

Active Immunity

Answer 29

developed by own animal after exposure