Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ASCI 1 > Dairy Cattle > Flashcards

Dairy Cattle Flashcards

1
Q

Wet cow

A

cow that is lactating (305 days out of the year)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Dry Cow

A

cow not producing milk (2 months out of the year)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Springing Heifer

A

heifer that is close to calving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

1st Lactation Heifer

A

1st lactation cow that is still growing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Dairy Industry Objectives

A
  • produce high quality milk (clean, low bacterial count, low somatic cell count, no dilution, good flavor, no antibiotic residue)
  • efficient production
  • earn a reasonable profit
  • environmentally responsible
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Dairy States

A
  • less use of milk
  • less use of yogurt then more in 2010’s
  • more use of butter
  • more use of cheese
  • less use of ice cream and frozen products
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Dairy Cattle Inventory Peak

A

1944, slow downhill since (-67%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Dairy Cattle Inventory Trends

A

less cows but an increase of production (433%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Top 5 Dairy Industry States

A

California, Wisconsin, Idaho, New York, Texas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Factors that affect milk production

A

temperature, humidity, breed, type of feed, heath status, stage of lactation, number of milking’s per day, climate modification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Average production of milk per cow

A

23,134 lbs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Average lbs of dairy produced

A

24,000 lbs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

top states with the most amount of lbs. of milk

A

michigan, colorado

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Factors resulting in national trend increase

A

shift in breed type, improved genetics, beter diet formulation, concentrated diets, improved health programs, climate modification for the cows comfort, improved reproduction efficiency, large dairies, 98% of dairies are family owned, populaiton shift from west to southwest, greater milk production per cow, more favorable economic and development attitudes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How many years are dairy cows in peak

A

5-6 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Mastitis

A

inflammation of breast tissue that leads to infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Clinical Mastitis

A

physically shown the cows are red, hot, and cold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Subclinical Mastitis

A

silent and you can’t see it, have to check the semantic cell count to see if it’s too high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Treatment for mastitis

A

support therapy-fluid, to prevent it you can clean the teat area, clean bedding and regular vaccines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How many dairy farms are there today?

A

50,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How many heads of dairy cattle are there?

A

9.2 million

22
Q

Types of Dairy

A

grazing dairies, combination of pasture and concentrates, free-stall

23
Q

Grazing Dairies

A
  • forage for nutrients
  • low milk (work for food)
  • less feed and waste management cost
  • typically organic
  • low infrastructure cost (need milking parlor)
  • rarely successful
  • silage fermented produced
24
Q

Combination of Pasture and Concentrates

A
  • outdoors in pastures
  • concentration ration at time of milking (way to manage and move cows)
  • small herd
  • labor intensive
  • low waste cost
  • low infrastructure cost (need a parlor)
25
Q

Free-Stall

A
  • move freely
  • bed stall areas to lay down (bedding is organic; compost, almond shell, wood shaving)
  • feed alley in front of stalls with headlocks
  • concrete waste area but be grooved or marking
  • waste is labor intensive
  • replace bedding
  • move to milk parlor
  • milking is less labor intensive
26
Q

Milking Parlor

A

cows are brought into one common area for milking using a crowding gate that gently enhances their fight or flight reflex

27
Q

The Pit

A

where the milking parlor operator works

28
Q

Types of milking parlors

A

tandem, parallel, herringbone, rotary, robotic milking

29
Q

Tandem

A

has a side opening, nose to butt

30
Q

Parallel

A

parallel to eachother, butt to nose

31
Q

Herringbone

A

coming in at a angle; what’s used at the fresno unit

32
Q

Rotary

A

cows spin in a circle

33
Q

Robotic Milking

A

system identifies the cow, where they come into the stallion, they’re fed while the robot does all the work and sense where the teats are

34
Q

Which state is the number one dairy state?

A

California

35
Q

How has the dairy industry increased our efficiency and sustainability?

A
  • Decreased carbon footprint by 86%
  • Decreased water usage by 65%
  • Decreased land use by 90%
36
Q

What percent of dairies are family owned?

A

98%

37
Q

Dr. Thompson quote

A

Take care of the cows and they will take care of you

38
Q

How much has the amount of milk declined per capita in the US.

A

40% ; people use soy, almond, coconut or other alternatives

39
Q

What percent of US households purchase milk?

A

99%

40
Q

How much milk does the average American consume?

A

25 gallons or 400 glasses of milk

41
Q

What percent of milk is water?

A

87%

42
Q

Who discovered pasteurization?

A

Louis Pasteur

43
Q

Pasteurization

A

heating liquids to high temperatures to kill bacteria, protects the purity, and the flavors of the milk

44
Q

How long does milk remain fresh after the expiration date if refrigerated at 35-40 degrees.

A

7-10 days

45
Q

What increase in temp shortens the milk’s shelf life by 50%?

A

5 degree temp change

46
Q

25 gallons of milk can make

A
  • 9 gallons of ice cream
  • 25 pounds of chese
  • 1 pound of butter
47
Q

How many cups does it make to make 1 pound of butter

A

30 cups

48
Q

How much has California decreased it’s carbon footprint in 50 years?

A

45%

49
Q

How much of the diet of dairy cattle is byproducts?

A

40%

50
Q

How many jobs are there in the california dairy industry?

A

180,000

51
Q

CA accounts for what percent of the US milk production.

A

1/5

ASCI 1 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions