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Anatomy 1 > Anterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

What are the 3 main areas of the pelvic bone?

A
  1. Pubis
  2. Ilium
  3. Ischium
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2
Q

Where does the femur articulate with the pelvic bone?

A

Acetabulum

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3
Q

What is the most superior part of the pelvic bone?

A

Iliac crest

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4
Q

What is the most inferior part of the pelvic bone?

A

Ischial tuberosity

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5
Q

What divides the two sciatic notches?

A

Ischial spine

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6
Q

What is the line found between articular surface of pubic symphysis and articular surface of sacroiliac joint?

A

Arcuate line

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7
Q

What is the opening in the pubis called?

A

Obturator foramen

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8
Q

What are the 2 planes which divide the abdomen into quadrants?

A
  1. Midsagittal plane

2. Transumbilical plane

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9
Q

What are the 3 planes which divide the abdomen into regions?

A
  1. Midclavicular planes
  2. Vertebral level L3
  3. Vertebral level L5
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10
Q

What are 2 other names for the plane of vertebral level L3?

A
  1. Subcostal plane

2. 10th costal margin

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11
Q

What is another name for the plane of vertebral level L5?

A

Intertubercular plane (between iliac tubercles on either pelvic bone)

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12
Q

What are the 9 regions of the abdomen?

A
  1. Right hypochondrium
  2. Epigastric
  3. Left hypochondrium
  4. Right flank
  5. Umbilical
  6. Left flank
  7. Right inguinal
  8. Hypogastric
  9. Left inguinal
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13
Q

What is found in the right hypochondrium region of abdomen?

A

Right lobe of liver

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14
Q

What is found in the epigastric region of abdomen?

A

Liver and stomach

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15
Q

What is found in the left hypochondrium region of abdomen?

A

Left lobe of liver and spleen

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16
Q

What is found in the right flank region of abdomen?

A

Ascending colon

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17
Q

What is found in the umbilical region of abdomen?

A

Small intestine

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18
Q

What is found in the left flank region of abdomen?

A

Descending colon

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19
Q

What is found in the right inguinal region of abdomen?

A

Caecum and appendix

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20
Q

What is found in the hypogastric region of abdomen?

A

Lower part of small intestine, bladder and uterus

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21
Q

What is found in the left inguinal region of abdomen?

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A

Sigmoid colon

22
Q

What nerves provide innervation of anterior abdominal wall?

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A

Intercostal nerves T7 - T11, subcostal nerve T12 and L1

23
Q

What area does T6 innervate?

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A

Skin over xiphoid process

24
Q

What area does T10 innervate?

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A

Skin around umbilicus

25
What area does L1 innervate?
Skin and muscle in inguinal and suprapubic regions of abdominal wall
26
What are the 4 muscles which form the abdominal muscle?
1. External oblique 2. Internal oblique 3. Transversus abdominis 4. Rectus abdominis (enclosed in rectus sheath)
27
In what direction do external oblique fibres run?
Down and medial
28
In what direction do internal oblique fibres run?
Down and lateral
29
In what direction do transversus abdominis fibres run?
Transverse
30
What two arteries form anastomosis behind rectus abdominis muscle?
Superior and inferior epigastric artery
31
What divides rectus abdominis into discrete sections?
Tendinous intersections
32
What is an aponeurosis in terms of the abdomen?
The tendon which joins the abdominal muscles to each other and the skin
33
Between what two levels does the aponeurosis of the internal oblique split?
Costal margin and level of anterosuperior iliac spine
34
What is the function of the aponeurosis of the internal oblique splitting?
Encloses the rectus abdominis muscle
35
What forms the anterior aspect of the rectus sheath above the arcuate line?
Aponeurosis of external oblique muscle and anterior half of aponeurosis of internal oblique muscle
36
What forms the posterior aspect of the rectus sheath above the arcuate line?
Posterior half of aponeurosis of internal oblique muscle and aponeurosis of transversus abdominis muscle
37
How does the arrangement of the rectus sheath change below the arcuate line?
Posterior wall is formed only by fascia transversalis so rectus muscle is in contact with fascia transversalis
38
What 4 things can be contained in the rectus sheath?
1. Rectus abdominis 2. Pyramidalis 3. Anterior rami of lower 6 thoracic nerves 4. Superior and inferior epigastric vessels
39
What is the tendon which runs medially between the two rectus abdominis muscles?
Linea alba
40
What nerves supply the rectus abdominis?
Lower 6 thoracic nerves
41
What 3 nerves supply the oblique and transversus abdominis muscles?
1. Lower six thoracic nerves 2. Iliohypogastric 3. Ilioinguinal
42
How many arteries supply the antero-lateral abdominal wall?
8
43
What are the 8 arteries which supply the antero-lateral abdominal wall?
1. Superior epigastric 2. Musculophrenic 3. Inferior epigastric 4. Deep circumflex 5. Inferior phrenic 6. Lower posterior intercostal 7. Subcostal 8. Lumbar
44
Where does the superior epigastric artery arise?
Internal thoracic artery
45
Where does the musculophrenic artery arise?
Internal thoracic artery
46
Where does the inferior epigastric artery arise?
External iliac artery
47
Where does the deep circumflex artery arise?
External iliac artery
48
Where does the inferior phrenic artery arise?
Abdominal aorta
49
Where does the lower posterior intercostal artery arise?
Thoracic aorta
50
Where does the subcostal artery arise?
Thoracic aorta
51
Where do lumbar arteries arise?
Abdominal aorta

Anatomy 1 (20 decks)

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