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Anterior Thigh Muscles Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the anterior thigh muscles?

A
  1. Sartorius
  2. Articularis Genu
  3. Quadriceps Femoris (Rectus Femoris, Vastus Medialis, Vastus Lateralis, Vastus Intermedialis)
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2
Q

Sartorius Muscle Origin

A

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)

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3
Q

Sartorius Muscle Insertion

A

Proximal, medial surface of tibia into Pes Anserinus

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4
Q

Sartorius Muscle Innervation

A

Femoral Nerve (L2-L3)

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5
Q

Sartorius Muscle Action

A

FABER - Hip Flexion, Hip Abduction, Hip External rotation, Knee Flexion

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6
Q

Articularis Genu Muscle Origin

A

Inferior Anterior Femur

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7
Q

Articularis Genu Muscle Insertion

A

Superior margin of knee joint capsule

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8
Q

Articularis Genu Muscle Innervation

A

Femoral Nerve (L2-L4)

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9
Q

Articularis Genu Muscle Action

A

Pulls the capsule of the knee up with knee extension

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10
Q

What are the 4 Quadriceps Femoris Muscles?

A
  1. Rectus Femoris
  2. Vastus Intermedius
  3. Vastus Medialis
  4. Vastus Lateralis
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11
Q

Rectus Femoris Origin

A

Straight Head: Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine

Reflected Head: Groove above the acetabulum

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12
Q

Rectus Femoris Insertion

A

Base of Patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

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13
Q

Rectus Femoris Innervation

A

Femoral Nerve (L2-L4)

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14
Q

Rectus Femoris Action

A

Knee Extension, Hip flexion

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15
Q

Vastus Lateralis Origin

A

Lateral lip linea aspera (upper 1/2), lateral margin gluteal tuberosity, margin of greater trochanter, lateral part of intertrochanteric line.

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16
Q

Vastus Lateralis Insertion

A

Lateral border of patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

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17
Q

Vastus Lateralis Innervation

A

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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18
Q

Vastus Lateralis Action

A

Knee Extension

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19
Q

Vastus Medialis Origin

A

Medial Supracondylar line, Medial lip linea aspera, pectineal line, medial part of intertrochanteric line of femur

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20
Q

Vastus Medialis Insertion

A

Medial border of patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

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21
Q

Vastus Medialis Innervation

A

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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22
Q

Vastus Medialis Action

A

Knee Extension

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23
Q

Vastus Intermedius Origin

A

Upper 2/3 anterior and lateral surface of femur to lateral lip of linea aspera

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24
Q

Vastus Intermedius Insertion

A

Base of Patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

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25
Vastus Intermedius Innervation
Femoral Nerve (L2-L4)
26
Vastus Intermedius Action
Knee Extension
27
Gracilis Origin
Inferior margin of pubic ramus
28
Gracilis Insertion
Proximal, Medial surface of tibia into Pes Anserinus
29
Gracilis Innervation
Obturator nerve - anterior division (L2-L3)
30
Gracilis Action
Hip adduction; Knee flexion
31
Pectineus Origin
Pecten Pubis (Pectineal Line)
32
Pectineus Insertion
Pectineal line of femur bone
33
What quadriceps muscle acts at both the knee and hip?
The Rectus Femoris. it does Hip flexion and knee extension
34
Pectineus Innervation
Femoral Nerve (L2-L3)
35
Pectineus Action
Hip flexion; Hip adduction
36
Adductor Longus Origin
By cordlike tendon from pubic body just inferior to pubic tubercle and crest
37
Adductor Longus Insertion
Middle 1/3 medial lip of linea aspera of femur
38
Adductor Longus Innervation
Obturator nerve - Anterior division (L2-L4)
39
Adductor Longus Action
Adduction of hip, Assists with medial rotation
40
Adductor Brevis Origin
Inferior pubic ramus between origins of gracilis and obturator externus
41
Adductor Brevis Insertion
Upper 1/3 of medial lip of linea aspera and posterior surface of femur to lesser trochanter
42
Adductor Brevis Innervation
Obturator nerve - anterior and/or posterior divisions (L2-L3)
43
Adductor Brevis Action
Hip Adduction, Weak medial rotation
44
Adductor Magnus Origin
Adductor Part: Ischiopubic ramus | Hamstring Part: inferior part of ischial tuberosity
45
Adductor Magnus Insertion
Adductor Part: Medial margin gluteal tuberosity, intermediate lip of linea aspera, medial supracondylar ridge Hamstring Part: Adductor tubercle
46
Adductor Magnus Innervation
Adductor Part: Obturator nerve - posterior division (L2-L4) | Hamstring Part: Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L4)
47
Adductor Magnus Action
Hip adduction and assists with medial rotation; Hip extension by hamstring portion
48
What quadriceps muscle acts at both the knee and hip?
The Rectus Femoris. it does Hip flexion and knee extension
49
Adductor Hiatus Location
Adductor canal leads to adductor hiatus | opening in adductor magnus' insertion
50
Adductor Hiatus Contents
1. Femoral Artery and vein | 2. Articular branch of obturator nerve
51
True or False: The Femoral artery and vein become popliteal artery and vein once they pass through the Adductor Hiatus
True
52
Bones involved in the hip joint:
Acetabulum and femur head
53
What are the structures of the acetabulum?
1. Ilium 2. Ischium 3. Pubis 4. Acetabular notch
54
Direction of the femoral head in the hip joint
Directed medially, superiorly, and slightly anterior.
55
Function of the Acetabular labrum?
Increase the surface area of the acetabulum for a better fit with the femur head.
56
Hip Joint Classification
Synovial; Ball and Socket
57
Transverse acetabular ligament
Continuation of acetabular labrum over acetabular notch
58
Ligamentum Teres (Ligament of the head of the femur)
- Attached to fovea capitis - Two bands attaching to both sides of acetabular notch and transverse acetabular ligament - Lined with synovial membrane - Houses branch of obturator artery - helps check abdution
59
Ligamentum Teres (Ligament of the head of the femur)
- Attached to fovea capitis - Two bands attaching to both sides of acetabular notch and transverse acetabular ligament - Lined with synovial membrane - Houses branch of obturator artery - helps check abduction
60
Ligamentum Teres (Ligament of the head of the femur)
- Attached to fovea capitis - Two bands attaching to both sides of acetabular notch and transverse acetabular ligament - Lined with synovial membrane - Houses branch of obturator artery - helps check abduction
61
Blood supply to the hip
- From obturator artery - Acetabular branch - Artery of ligament of the head - goes through the ligamentum teres to the head of the femur
62
Ligaments of the hip Joint
1. Iliofemoral ligament 2. Pubofemoral ligament 3. Ischiofemoral ligament
63
Ligaments of the hip Joint
1. Iliofemoral ligament 2. Pubofemoral ligament 3. Ischiofemoral ligament
64
Iliofemoral Ligament
- Strongest ligament in the body - Keeps extension in check - Runs from Asis and upper rim of acetabulum into 2 parts: 1. Transverse: Femoral neck and upper portion of intertrochanteric line 2. Descending: Descending to lower portion of intertrochanteric line
65
Pubofemoral ligament
- Runs from obturator crest of pubic bone and blends with joint capsule and medial portion of iliofemoral ligament - Checks extension and abduction of hip
66
Pubofemoral ligament
- Runs from obturator crest of pubic bone and blends with joint capsule and medial portion of iliofemoral ligament - Checks extension and abduction of hip
67
Ischiofemoral ligament
- Runs form ischial portion of acetabular rim superior/lateral to the femoral neck spiraling to medial side base of greater trochanter - Weak ligament - Most posterior strength is from gluteal muscles
68
Ischiofemoral ligament
- Runs form ischial portion of acetabular rim superior/lateral to the femoral neck spiraling to medial side base of greater trochanter - Weak ligament - Most posterior strength is from gluteal muscles
69
Hip joint: Movements:
1. Flexion/Extension 2. Abduction/ Adduction 3. Medial/Lateral Rotation 4. Circumduction
70
Hip Joint: Accessory Structures
1. Sacrotuberous ligament | 2. Sacrospinous ligament
71
Hip Joint: Nerve Supply
1. Femoral 2. Obturator 3. Superior gluteal
72
Hip Joint: Nerve Supply
1. Femoral 2. Obturator 3. Superior gluteal
73
Blood supply to hip and thigh
Abdominal Aorta -> Right/Left common iliac Artery -> Internal Iliac and External Iliac Artery
74
What are the branches of the internal Iliac artery?
1. Superior Gluteal Artery 2. Inferior Gluteal Artery 3. Obturator Artery
75
What are the branches of the external iliac artery?
Nothing, the femoral artery is a continuation of the External iliac artery.
76
Where does the name change of the external iliac artery?
As the external iliac artery passes the inguinal ligament it changes names to Femoral artery.
77
What are the branches of femoral artery?
1. Profunda Femoris (deep artery of the thigh) 2. Medial circumflex Artery 3. Lateral Circumflex Artery 4. Perforating Branches ( there are 4)
78
Which arterial branches exit through the greater sciatic foramen?
Super and inferior gluteal arteries (they are branches of the internal iliac artery)
79
Which arterial branch exits through the greater obturator foramen?
Obturator Artery
80
Superior Gluteal Artery Pathway
travels superior to Piriformis muscle through greater sciatic foramen Supplies gluteus Minimus and Medius
81
Inferior Gluteal Artery Pathway
Travels inferior to piriformis muscle through greater sciatic foramen and supplies Gluteus Maximus and deep gluteal muscles
82
Obturator Artery Pathway
Travels to obturator foramen then branches into anterior/posterior division Posterior division has acetabular branch that travels up acetabular notch to femoral head
83
External iliac pathway
Becomes femoral artery after passing under the inguinal ligament. Travels through femoral triangle, down the adductor canal, through adductor hiatus to popliteal space. Changes names to popliteal artery as it passes through adductor hiatus.
84
Femoral Artery Pathway
Profunda Femoris Artery (deep femoral artery) - Branch of Femoral artery - Asses superficial to pectineus, then deep to adductor longus
85
Branches of the Profunda Femoris Artery
- Medial femoral circumflex artery - Lateral femoral circumflex artery - Four perforating branches
86
Profunda Femoris Artery - Medial femoral circumflex
Travels medial and posterior to neck of femur | Supplies most of head and neck of femur
87
Profunda Femoris Artery - Lateral femoral circumflex
Travels deep to sartorius and rectus femoris muscles toward anterior surface of femur has three branches: 1. Ascending, 2. Transverse, and 3. Descending
88
Profunda Femoris Artery and 4 perforating branches
Given as the profunda femoris artery travels distallly piercing through the adductor magnus to supply the posterior thigh.
89
True/False: The first perforating branch travels superior to the Adductor Brevis Muscle?
True
90
True/False: The second perforating branch travels superior to the Adductor Brevis Muscle?
False - It travels anterior
91
True/False: The third perforating branch travels Inferior to the Adductor Longus Muscle?
False - it travels inferior to the adductor brevis muscle
92
True/False: The Terminal end of the profunda femoris is the end of the profunda femoris
True
93
Femoral Nerve Pathway
Lies lateral to femoral artery in the femoral triangle not in the femoral sheath Supplies anterior thigh muscles, skin on ant/med thigh and medial side of leg and foot
94
Femoral Nerve Branches
Anterior Cutaneous branch: Supplies skin to anterior thigh and knee Motor nerve branches: To anterior thigh muscles Saphenous nerve: Cutaneous; Travels with femoral vessels through adductor canal; superficial to medial side of knee; travels down leg to supply medial side of leg and foot
95
Obturator nerve - posterior branch
Travels posterior to the Adductor Brevis Muscle | Supplies obturator externus muscle, adductor brevis and adductor magnus (adductor portion)
96
Obturator nerve - anterior branch
Travels anterior to the Adductor Brevis Muscle Supplies Adductor Longus, Gracilis, and Adductor Brevis
97
What are the two branches of the obturator nerve?
Posterior and anterior branches
98
True or false: the obturator nerve exits the pelvis through the obturator canal?
True

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