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Spinal Musculature Flashcards

(121 cards)

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1
Q

Prevertebral Muscles

A
  1. Longus Capitis Muscle
  2. Longus Colli Muscle
  3. Rectus Capitis Anterior Muscle
  4. Rectus Capitis Lateralis Muscle
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2
Q

Longus Capitis Muscle Origin

A

Anterior Tubercles of the transverse processes of C3-C6 vertebrae

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3
Q

Longus Capitis Muscle Insertion

A

Basilar Process of occipital bone (anterior to foramen magnum)

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4
Q

Longus Capitis Muscle Innervation

A

Ventral Rami of C1-C3

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5
Q

Longus Capitis Muscle Action

A

Flexes cervical vertebrae and head

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6
Q

Longus Colli Muscle Orgin

A

Superior Oblique Part: Anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of C3-C5

Medial Part: Anterior surfaces of the bodies of C5-T3

Inferior Oblique part: Anterior surface of the bodies of T1-T3

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7
Q

Longus Colli Muscle Insertion

A

Superior Oblique part: Anterior arch of Atlas

Medial Part: Anterior surfaces of vertebral bodies of C2-C4

Inferior Oblique Part: Anterior tubercles of the transverse process of C5-C6

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8
Q

Longus Colli Muscle Innervation

A

Branches from Vertebral Rami of C2-C6

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9
Q

Longus Colli Muscle Action

A
  • Neck Flexion
  • Oblique Portions lateral Flexion
  • Acts as stabilizer in maintaining cervical lordosis
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10
Q

Rectus Capitis Anterior Muscle Origin

A

Anterior Surface of transverse process of atlas

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11
Q

Rectus Capitis Anterior Muscle Insertion

A

Occipital bone anterior to foramen magnum

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12
Q

Rectus Capitis Anterior Muscle Innervation

A

Branches from Ventral Rami of C1-C2

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13
Q

Rectus Capitis Anterior Muscle Action

A

Flexes head at atlanto-occipital joint

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14
Q

Rectus Capitis Lateralis Muscle Origin

A

Superior surface of transverse process of atlas

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15
Q

Rectus Capitis Lateralis Muscle Insertion

A

Inferior surface of jugular process of occipital bone

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16
Q

Rectus Capitis Lateralis Muscle Innervation

A

Branches of Ventral Rami of C1-C2

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17
Q

Rectus Capitis Lateralis Muscle action

A

Lateral Flexion of head

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18
Q

Back Muscles: Superficial Muscles of the Back

A
  1. Trapezius Muscle
  2. Latissimus Dorsi Muscle
  3. Levator Scapulae Muscle
  4. Rhomboid Major Muscle
  5. Rhomboid Minor Muscle
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19
Q

Thoracolumbar fascia

A

Multiple layers that surround:

  • Quadratus Lumborum Muscle
  • Erector Spinae Muscle
  • Serves as part of the origin of the latissimus dorsi muscle.
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20
Q

Trapezius Muscle Origin

A

Origin: medial 1/3 superior Nuchael line of occipital bone; external occipital protuberance (inion process), ligamentum Nuchae, spinous processes C7-T12 and related supraspinous ligaments.

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21
Q

Trapezius Muscle Insertion

A

Insertion: Posterior border of lateral 1/3 clavicle; Median margin of acromion, Superior lip of the spine of the scapula to the smooth triangular space

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22
Q

Trapezius Muscle Innervation

A

Innervation: Motor: Spinal nerve of accessory nerve CN XI; Propriroception: Anterior rami of C3 and C4

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23
Q

Trapezius Muscle Action

A

Action:

  • Superior fibers: elevate scapula (shrug shoulders) and rotate scapula when arm is abducted above horizontal
  • Middle fibers: Retract scapula
  • Inferior fibers: Depress scapula
  • Superior and inferior: Superior (upward) rotation of scapula
  • Action on the head: Superior fibers (when acting unilaterally) laterally flex and rotate head to opposite side; (acting bilaterally) extended head
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24
Q

Rhomboid Minor Muscle Origin

Fixes the scapula

A

Origin: Spinous processes of C7-T1 vertebrae and Lower portion of ligamentum nuchae

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25
Rhomboid Minor Muscle Insertion | Fixes the scapula
Insertion: medial border of scapula at the root of the spine of the scapula
26
Rhomboid Minor Muscle Innervation | Fixes the scapula
Innervation: Dorsal Scapular nerve (C5)
27
Rhomboid Minor Muscle Action | Fixes the scapula
Action: Retracts, downwardly rotates and assists with elevation oft he scapula. Synergist for elevation
28
Rhomboid Major Muscle Origin | Fixes the scapula
Origin: Spinous processes of T2-T5 vertebrae and corresponding spinous ligaments
29
Rhomboid Major Muscle Insertion | Fixes the scapula
Insertion: medial border of scapula from the bottom of the smooth triangular surface to inferior angle
30
Rhomboid Major Muscle Innervation | Fixes the scapula
Innervation: Dorsal Scapular nerve (C5)
31
Rhomboid Major Muscle Action | Fixes the scapula
Action: Retracts, downwardly rotates and assists with elevation of the scapula.
32
Levator scapula Muscle Origin | fixes the scapula
Origin: Transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebra
33
Levator scapula Muscle Insertion | fixes the scapula
Insertion: medial border of the scapula from superior angle to top of smooth triangular space at base of spine
34
Levator scapula Muscle Innervation | fixes the scapula
Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve (C5), branches from C3 and C4 spinal nerves
35
Levator scapula Muscle Action | fixes the scapula
Action: Elevates, downwardly rotates and assists in retraction of scapula
36
Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Origin
Origin: - Spinous processes of lower six thoracic vertebrae and related supraspinous ligaments - Spinous proceses of lumbar and sacral vertebrae via thoracolumbar fascia - External lip of iliac crest - Lower 3-4 ribs by fleshy attachments - May attach to the inferior angle of the scapula
37
Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Insertion
Insertion: Floor of intertubercular groove of the humerus
38
Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Innervation
Innervation: thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, C8)
39
Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Action
Action: - Arm: Extension, adduction, internal (medial) Rotation, forms "power stroke" - If arms are stabilized, pulls trunk up (pull up/chin up) - Exhalation: Splints posterior abdomen
40
Back Muscles: Intermediate Muscles of the Back
- Serratus Posterior Superior Muscle | - Serratus Posterior Inferior Muscle
41
Serratus Posterior Superior Muscle Origin
Lower portion of ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C7-T3 and Supraspinous ligament
42
Serratus Posterior Superior Muscle Insertion
Superior borders of Ribs 2-5 lateral to their angles
43
Serratus Posterior Superior Muscle Innervation
Intercostal nerves T2-T5
44
Serratus Posterior Superior Muscle Action
Raises Ribs 2-5 during inspiration
45
Serratus Posterior Inferior Muscle Origin
Spinout processes of T11-L3 and supraspinous ligament
46
Serratus Posterior Inferior Muscle Insertion
Inferior borders of ribs 9-12 just lateral to the angles
47
Serratus Posterior Inferior Muscle Innervation
Intercostal Nerves T9-T12
48
Serratus Posterior Inferior Muscle Action
Depresses the last 4 ribs
49
Back Muscles: Deep Muscles of the Back
Extensor/Rotators of Head and Neck: - Spinotransversales Muscles - Suboccipital Triangle Extensors/Rotators of Vertebral Column - Sacrospinales Muscles (Erector Spinae) - Transversospinales Group - Segmental Muscles
50
Spinotransversales
- Splenius Capitis Muscle | - Splenius Cervicis Muscle
51
Splenius Capitis Muscle Origin
Lower 1/2 of ligamentum nuchae and spinous prcoesses of C7-T4
52
Splenius Capitis Muscle Insertion
Below Lateral 1/3rd of superior nuchael line; and mastoid process of temporal bone
53
Splenius Capitis Muscle Innervation
Dorsal Rami of Middle cervical nerves
54
Splenius Capitis Muscle Action
2 actions: - Bilateral contraction: Extends the neck - Unilateral contraction: lateral flexion and rotation of head and neck to same side.
55
Splenius Cervicis Muscle Origin
Spinous processes of T3-T6
56
Splenius Cervicis Muscle Insertion
Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C3
57
Splenius Cervicis Muscle Innervation
Dorsal Rami of Lower cervical nerves
58
Splenius Cervicis Muscle Action
2 actions: - Bilateral contraction: Extends the neck - Unilateral contraction: lateral flexion and rotation of head and neck to same side.
59
Suboccipital triangle
Boundaries: - Medial: Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Muscle - Inferior: Obliquues Capitis Inferior Muscle - Lateral: Obliquues Capitis Superior Muscle Contents: - Vertebral Artery - Suboccipital Nerve (DPR of C1)
60
Extensors and rotators of the vertebral colum
Sacropinales Muscles (Erector Spinae): - Iliocostalis Column (Lateral) - Longissimus Column (Intermediate) - Spinalis Column (Medial) Transverseospinales Group: - Semispinalis Group - Multifidus - Rotatores Segmental Muscles: - Levatores Costarum - Interspinalis - Intertransversarii
61
Iliocostalis Lumborum Muscle Origin
Sacrum and medial part of iliac crest; Spinous processes of lumbar and lower 2 thoracic vertebrae and supraspinous ligament
62
Iliocostalis Lumborum Muscle Insertion
Angles of ribs 6-12
63
Iliocostalis Lumborum Muscle Innervation
Dorsal Rami of Thoracic and limbar spinal nerves
64
Iliocostalis Lumborum Muscle Action
Bilateral: Extension Unilateral: Lateral flexion of the vertebral column, lateral movement of pelvis
65
Iliocostalis Thoracis Muscle Origin
Angles of Ribs 6-12
66
Iliocostalis Thoracis Muscle Insertion
Angles of ribs 1-6 and transverse processes of C7
67
Iliocostalis Thoracis Muscle Innervation
Dorsal Rami of thoracic spinal nerves
68
Iliocostalis Thoracis Muscle Action
Bilateral: Extension Unilateral: Lateral flexion of vertebral column
69
Iliocostalis Cervicis Muscle Origin
Angles of ribs 3-6
70
Iliocostalis Cervicis Muscle Insertion
Transverse processes of C4-C6
71
Iliocostalis Cervicis Muscle Innervation
Dorsal rami of lower cervical spinal nerves
72
Iliocostalis Cervicis Muscle Action
Bilateral: Extension Unilateral: Lateral flexion of vertebral column
73
Longissimus Thoracis Muscle Origin
Aponeurosis blending with iliocostalis in lumbar region and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
74
Longissimus Thoracis Muscle Insertion
transverse processes of all thoracic vertebrae; and lateral to tubercles and angles of lower ten ribs
75
Longissimus Thoracis Muscle Innervation
Dorsal rami of thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves
76
Longissimus Thoracis Muscle Action
Bilateral: Extension Unilateral: Lateral flexion of vertebral column
77
Longissimus Cervicis Muscle Origin
Transverse processes of T1-T5
78
Longissimus Cervicis Muscle Insertion
Transverse processes of C2-C6
79
Longissimus Cervicis Muscle Innervation
Dorsal rami of thoracic spinal nerves
80
Longissimus Cervicis Muscle Action
Bilateral: Extension Unilateral: Lateral flexion of vertebral column
81
Longissimus Capitis Muscle Origin
Transverse processes of T1-T5 and articular processes of C4-C7
82
Longissimus Capitis Muscle Insertion
Posterior margin of mastoid process
83
Longissimus Capitis Muscle Innervation
Dorsal Rami of the cervical nerves
84
Longissimus Capitis Muscle Action
Bilateral: extends head; Unilateral: Rotates the head to the same side
85
Spinalis Thoracic Muscle Origin
Spinous processes of T10-L2
86
Spinalis Thoracic Muscle Insertion
Spinous processes of T1-T8
87
Spinalis Thoracic Muscle Innervation
Dorsal Rami of Thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves
88
Spinalis Thoracic Muscle Action
Spinal extension
89
Spinalis Cervicis Muscle Origin
Lower part of Ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C7-T2
90
Spinalis Cervicis Muscle Insertion
Spinous process of C2
91
Spinalis Cervicis Muscle Innervation
Dorsal rami of cervical and thoracic spinal nerves
92
Spinalis Capitis Muscle Origin Blends with Semispinalis Capitis Muscle
Spinous processes of lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae
93
Spinalis Capitis Muscle Insertion
Between superior and inferior nuchal lines of the occipital bone
94
Spinalis Capitis Muscle Innervation
Dorsal Rami of cervical and thoracic spinal nerves
95
Spinalis Capitis Muscle Action
Spinal extension
96
Semispinalis Capitis Muscle Origin
Transverse processes of C7-T6 and articular processes fo C4-C6
97
Semispinalis Capitis Muscle Insertion
Medial area between the superior and inferior nuchal Lines of the occipital bone
98
Semispinalis Capitis Muscle Innervation
Dorsal Rami of spinal nerves
99
Semispinalis Capitis Muscle Action
Bilateral: Head extension Unilateral: Assists with slight rotation to opposite side
100
Multifidus Muscle Origin
Articular processes of C4-C7, Transverse processes of all thoracic vertebrae, mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, posterior superior iliac spine, dorsal surface of sacrum, origin of erector spinae
101
Multifidus Muscle Insertion
Base of spinous process on vertebrae 2-4 above the vertebrae of origin (from C2-L5)
102
Multifidus Muscle Innervation
Dorsal rami spinal nerves
103
Multifidus Muscle Action
Bilateral: Extension Unilateral: Rotates vertebral column to opposite side
104
Multifidus Muscle Action
Bilateral: Extension Unilateral: Rotates vertebral column to opposite side
105
Rotatores Muscle Origin
Transverse processes of each vertebra-articular processes of cervical vertebra; transverse processes of thoracic; and mammillary processes of lumbar
106
Rotatores Muscle Insertion
Base of spinous processes of the next two vertebrae above
107
Rotatores Muscle Innervation
Dorsal Rami of spinal nerves
108
Rotatores Muscle Action
Bilateral: Extension Unilateral: Rotates the vertebral column to the opposite side
109
Segmental Back Muscles: General O/I Specific A/N
- Levators Costarum Muscle - Interspinalis Muscle - Intertransversarii Muscle
110
Levatores Costarum Muscle Origin
Transverse processes of C7-T11
111
Levatores Costarum Muscle Insertion
Close to tubercle of next lower rib
112
Levatores Costarum Muscle Innervation
Dorsal Rami of Spinal Nerves
113
Levatores Costarum Muscle Action
Elevates Ribs
114
Interspinalis Muscles Origin
Superior surfaces of the spinous processes of vertebrae from sacrum to axis
115
Interspinalis Muscles Insertion
Spinous processes of next superior vertebrae
116
Interspinalis Muscles Innervation
Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
117
Interspinalis Muscles Action
Postural muscles that stabilize the vertebrae during vertebral column movements; Assist with extension
118
Intertransversarii Muscle Origin
Transverse processes of vertebrae from lumbar to axis
119
Intertransversarii Muscle Insertion
Transverse process of next superior vertebra
120
Intertransversarii Muscle Innervation
ventral and dorsal rami of spinal nerves
121
Intertransversarii Muscle Action
Postural muscles that stabilize vertebrae during movements of the vertebral column; assist with lateral flexion

Anatomy (18 decks)

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