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Anti inflammatory Flashcards

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1
Q

H1 activation leads to

A
  1. Increase capillary dilation via NO leading to Decrease BP
  2. Increase capillary permeability leading to edema
  3. Increased bronchiolar smooth muscle contraction
  4. Increas activation of peripheral nociceptive receptors increase pain and pruritis
  5. Decrease AV nodal conduction
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2
Q

H2 activation leads to

A
  1. Increas gastic acid secretion leading to ulcers
  2. Increase SA nodal rate
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3
Q

Diphenhydramine M block, Sedaiton, Antimotion

A

H1 Antagonist

  • M Block: +++
  • Sedation: +++
  • Antimotion: +++
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4
Q

Promethazine M block, Sedaiton, Antimotion

A

H1 Blocker

  • M Block: +++
  • Sedation: +++
  • Antimotion: +++
  • Some alpha block and local anesthetic action
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5
Q

Chlorpheniramine M block, Sedaiton, Antimotion

A

H1 Blocker

  • M Block: ++
  • Sedation: ++
  • Antimotion: ++
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6
Q

Meclizine M block, Sedaiton, Antimotion

A

H1 Block

  • M Block: ++
  • Sedation: ++
  • Antimotion: +++
  • Highly effective for motion sickness
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7
Q

Cetirizine M block, Sedaiton, Antimotion

A

H1 Blocker

  • M Block: +/-
  • Sedation: +
  • Antimotion: 0
  • Only sedation
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8
Q

Loratadine M block, Sedaiton, Antimotion

A

H1 Blocker

  • M Block: +/-
  • Sedation : 0
  • Antimotion: 0
  • No CNS entry
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9
Q

Fexofenadine M block, Sedaiton, Antimotion

A

H1 Blocker

  • M Block: +/-
  • Sedation: 0
  • Antimotion: 0
  • No CNS entry
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10
Q

H2 antagonist drugs

A
  1. Cimetidine
  2. Ranitidine
  3. Famotidine
  4. -TIDINE
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11
Q

H2 antagonist used for

A

Peptic Ulcer Disease, GERD, and Zolwinger by suppressing secretory response to food stimulation

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12
Q

Cimetidine adverse affects

A
  1. Major P450 inhibitor
  2. Decrease androgens leading to gynecomastia and decrease libido
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13
Q

Omeprazole (-Prazole) mechanism of action

A
  • Irreversible proton pump in gastric parietal cells
  • K/H antiport inhibitor
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14
Q

Misoprostol mechanism of action

A

PGE1 analog that is cytoprotective by increasing mucus and bicarbonate secretion and decrease HCL secretion

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15
Q

Sucralfate mechanism of action

A
  1. Polymerizes on GI luminal surface to form a protective gel-like coating of ulcer bed
  2. Requires acid pH to activated
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16
Q

Ondansteron (-steron) mechanism of action and use

A

5HT3 antagonist that prevents Nausea and vomiting in Cancer Pts.

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17
Q

DA antagonists

A
  1. Prochlorperazine
  2. Meoclopramide
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18
Q

DA antagonists used for

A

Prevent Nausea and vomiting in Cancer Pt.

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19
Q

Aprepitant mechanism of action

A

NK1 receptor antagonist

(receptor for substance P)

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20
Q

Buspirone mechanism of action

A

5HT1a partial agonist used for GAD

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21
Q

-TRIPTANS mechanism of action

A

Agonist at 5HT1d receptors in cerebral vessels leading to decrease migraine pain

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22
Q

-Triptan adverse affects

A
  1. Asthenia
  2. Chest or throat pressure or pain
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23
Q

5HT1(a-h) found in

A
  • CNS (inhibitory)
  • Smooth muscle (excitatory or inhibitory)
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24
Q

5HT2(a-c) found in

A

CNS (excitatory)

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25
Cyproheptadine mechanism of action
5HT2 antagonised used in carcinoid, GI tumors, and Anorexia nervosa
26
5HT3 found in
1. Area prostrema 2. Peripheral sensory 3. Enteric nerves
27
Ergotamine mechanism of action
* Partial agonist at both **alpha** and **5HT2** receptors in the vasculature and possibly in the CNS * Vasoconstrictive action to decrease pulsation in cerebral vessels may prevent acute action of Ergotamine during migration
28
Ergotamine used for
Accute attacks of migraine headache
29
Ergotamine adverse affects
1. GI distress 2. Prolonged vasoconstriction leading to ischemia and gangrene 3. Abortions near term
30
Glucocorticoids inhibit
**Phopholipase** **A2** decreasing conversion of Membrane phospholipds to **Arachidonic** **acid** inhibiting production of both Prostaglandins and Leukotrines
31
Zileuton inhibits
Lipoxygenase preveting the converstion of Arachidonic acid to hydroperoxides preventing leukotrienes
32
**-Lukast** inhibit
Leukotriene receptors
33
NSAIDs inhibit
Cyclooxgynases preventing converstion of Arachidonic acid to Endoperoxides
34
Alprostadil mechanism of action and use
1. **PGE1 analog** 2. Maintains patency of ductus arteriosus 3. Vasodilation used in male impotence
35
Dinoprostone mechanism of action
PGE2 analog that causes contraction of Uterine smooth muscle
36
Dinoprostone used for
1. Cervical ripening 2. abortifacient
37
Carboprost mechanism of action
PGF2alpha analog
38
Latanoprost mechanism of action
PGF2alpha​ analog
39
Carboprost used for
Abortifacient
40
Latanoprost used for
Treatment of glaucoma by decreasing interocular pressure
41
Epoprostenol mechanism of action
PGI2 (**Prostacyclin**) analog cuasing platelet stabilization and vasodilation
42
Asprin mechanism of action
Covalent bond via **acetylation** of a serine hydroxyl group near the active site of COX
43
Asprin adverse affects
Salicylism: Tinnitus, vertigo, decrease hearing Bronchoconstriction HS: Triad of Asthma, nasal polyps, rhinitis Reye syndrome: Enchephalopathy Increase BT (antiplatelet) Renal dysfunction with chronic use
44
Reversible COX 1 and COX 2 inhibitors
1. Ibuprofen 2. Naproxen 3. Indomethacin 4. Ketorolac 5. Sulindac
45
Indomethacin adverse affect
Thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis
46
Drugs used for RA
1. Hydroxychloroquine 2. Methotrexate 3. Sulfasalazine 4. Glucocorticoids 5. Leflunomide 6. Etanercept 7. Infliximad 8. Anakinra
47
Hydroxychloroquine mechanism of action
Stabilizes lysosomes and decrease chemotaxis
48
Hydroxychloroquine adverse affects
1. GI distress 2. Visual dysfunction 3. Hemolysis in G6PD
49
Methotrexate mechanism of action
Cytotoxic to lymphocytes
50
Methotrexate adverse affects
Hematotoxicity
51
Sulfasalazine mechanism of action
Sulfapyridine causes decrease in B-cell function
52
Sulfasalazine adverse affect
Hemolysis in G6PD
53
Glucocorticoids adverse affect
1. ACTH suppression 2. Cushingoid state 3. Osteoporosis 4. GI distress 5. Glaucoma
54
Leflunomide mechanism of action
Inhibit **dihydro-orotic acid dehydrogenase** cuasing a decrease in **UMP** and decrease ribonucleotides causing arrested lymphocytes in G1
55
Leflunomide adverse affects
1. Alopecia 2. Rash 3. Diarrhea 4. Hepatotoxicity
56
Etanercept mechanism of action
Binds to TNF and inhibits it
57
Infliximad mechanism of action
Monoclonal AB to TNF
58
Anakinra mechanism of action
IL-1 receptor antagonist
59
Colchicine mechanism of actioin
Binds to **tubulin** and decreases microtubular polymerization decreasing migration
60
Treatment of acute gout
1. Colchicine 2. Indomethacin
61
Colchicine adverse affect
**ACUTE**: 1. Diarrhea 2. GI pain **CHRONIC**: 1. Hematuria 2. Alopecia 3. Myelosuppression 4. Gastritis 5. Peripheral neuropathy
62
Allopurinol mechanism of action
Converted by **xanthine oxidase** Then inhibits **xanthing oxidase** decreasing **purine metabolixm** and decreasing Uric acid
63
Allopurinol adverse affects
1. Rash 2. Xanthine stones
64
Prophylaxis of Chronic Gout
1. Allopurinol 2. Probenecid
65
Probenecid mechanism of action
Inhibits proximal tubular reasborption of urate
66
Probenecid adverse affects
Crystallization of high excretion of uric acid
67
Glucocotricoids
1. Prednisone 2. Triamcinolone 3. Betamethasone 4. Dexamethasone
68
Theophylline mechanism of action
Bronchodilates via inhibition of **phosphodiesterase** causing and increase of **cAMP** Antagonism of **Adenosine** (bronchoconstrictor)
69
Theophylline adverse affects
1. Nausea 2. Diarrhea 3. Increase HR 4. CNS
70
Theophylline toxicity increased by
1. Erythromycin 2. Cimetidine 3. Fluoroquinolones
71
Cromolyn mechanism of action
Prevent degranulation of mast cells causing a decrease release of histamine
72
Nedocromil mechanism of action
Prevents degranulation of pulmonary mast cells causing a decrease in release of histamine

Pharmacology (12 decks)

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