Endocrine

Question 1

• Second generation sulfonylurea
• Must decrease dose in hepatic dysfunctioin

Answer 1

Glipizide is

Question 2

Reverse

Increase tissue sensitivity to insulin and/or decrease hepatic gluconeogenesis by activating AMPK

Answer 2

Metformin mechanism of action

Question 3

Reverse

First generation sulfonylurea

Must decrease dose in renal dysfuntion

Answer 3

Acetohexamide is

Question 4

Reverse

1. First generation sulfonylurea that is long acting
2. Has SIADH/DISULFIRAM reaction

Answer 4

Chlorpropamide is

Question 5

Reverse

Blocks SGLT-2 in the PCT increasing glucose exretion

Answer 5

Canagliflozin mechanism of action

Question 6

Reverse

Androgen receptor blocker used for androgen-receptor-positive prostate cancer

Answer 6

Flutamide mechanism of action

Question 7

Reverse

Somatostatin analog used for Acromegaly, carcinoid and secretory GI tumors

Answer 7

Octerotide is

Question 8

Reverse

Blocks K channels in Beta cells causing depolarization and increase insulin release

Answer 8

Sulfonylureas mechanism of action

Question 9

Reverse

FSH and LH analogs used for hypogonadal states

Answer 9

Menotropins are

Question 10

Reverse

V2 selective vasopressin analog used for:

1. Neurogenic DI
2. Hemophilia A (increase factor 8)
3. Von Willebrand (increase vW factor)
4. Primary nocturnal enuresis

Answer 10

Desmopressin is

Question 11

Reverse

• Second generation of sulfonylurea
• Decrease dose in renal dysfunction

Answer 11

Glyburide is

Question 12

Reverse

5-Alpha reductase inhibitor preventing converstion of testosterone to DHT

Answer 12

Finasteride mechanism of action

Question 13

Reverse

DA analog used for hyperprolactinemia

Answer 13

Bromocriptine is

Question 14

Reverse

1. Decrease HDL and increase LDL
2. Glucose intolerance
3. Bleeding
4. Hirsutism and acne
5. Block lipid changes
6. Weight gain
7. Depression

Answer 14

Progestin adverse affects

Question 15

Reverse

Bind to PPARgama involved in transcription of insulin-responsive genes cuasing sensitization of tissues to insulin and decrease hepatic gluconeogenesis and TG and increase insulin receptor number

Answer 15

Thiazoldinediones (-glitazone) mechanism of action

Question 16

Reverse

Suppress gonadotropins especially midcycle LH surge

Answer 16

Oral Contraceptives mechanism of action

Question 17

Reverse

Decrease feedback inhibition causing increase in FSH and LH leading to increase in ovulation and pregnancy

Answer 17

Clomiphene mechanism of action

Question 18

Reverse

Insulin that has longest duration without a peak effect

Answer 18

Glargine is

Question 19

Reverse

GnRH analog used for Endometriosis and prostate carcinoma

Answer 19

Nafarelin is

Question 20

Reverse

Inhibit dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP-4) thereby inhibiting the inactivaiton of GLP-1

Answer 20

Gliptin mechanism of action

Question 21

Reverse

inhibitions of 5’ deiodinase

Answer 21

High dose PTU cuases

Question 22

Reverse

GH analog used for pituitary dwarfism and osteoporosis

Answer 22

Somatrem is

Question 23

Reverse

First generation sulfonylurea that is appropriate in renal dysfunction

Answer 23

Tolbutamide is

Question 24

Reverse

FSH analog used for hypogonadal state

Answer 24

Urofollitropin is

Question 25

# Reverse Recombinant DNA PTH analog given once daily to stimulate osteoblast and new bone formation

Answer 25

Teriparatide mechanism of action

Question 26

# Reverse Blocks glucocorticoid and progestin receptors

Answer 26

Mifepristone mechanism of action

Question 27

# Reverse cause Maculopapular rash

Answer 27

Thioamides adverse affect

Question 28

# Reverse 1. Medroxyprogesterone 2. Norethindrone 3. Desogestrel

Answer 28

Progestin drugs

Question 29

# Reverse Aromatase inhibitor that decreases estrogen synthesis

Answer 29

Anastrozole mechanism of action

Question 30

# Reverse Long acting Glucagon-like peptide -1 (GLP-1) receptor full agonist

Answer 30

Exenatide mechanism of action

Question 31

# Reverse Estrogen-dependent, postmenopausal breat cancer

Answer 31

Anastrozole used for

Question 32

# Reverse Inhibits alpha-glucosidase in brush borders of SI causing a decrease in carbo abosorption

Answer 32

Acarbose mechanism of action

Question 33

# Reverse 1. Estrogen receptor agonist on **bone** 2. Estrogen receptor antagonist on **breast** 3. Partial agonist on **Endometrium** (leads to cancer)

Answer 33

Tamoxifen mechanism of action

Question 34

# Reverse 1. Lactic acidsois 2. GI distress 3. Decrease B12

Answer 34

Metformin adverse affects

Question 35

# Reverse 1. Bone mineralization defects (**Etidronate and pamidronate**) 2. GI distress 3. Esophageal ulcers (**Alendronate**)

Answer 35

Bisphosphonate adverse affects

Question 36

# Reverse GnRH analog

Answer 36

Leuprolide mechanism of action

Question 37

# Reverse GH analog used for pituitary dwarfism and osteoporosis

Answer 37

Somatropin is

Question 38

# Reverse 1. Estrogen receptor agonist on **bone** 2. Estrogen receptor antagonist on **breast** and **uterus**

Answer 38

Raloxifene mechanism of action

Question 39

# Reverse ACTH analog used for infantile spasms

Answer 39

Cosyntropin is

Question 40

# Reverse 1. Hypoglycemia 2. Weight gain

Answer 40

Sulfonylureas adverse affects

Question 41

# Reverse 1. Propylthiouracil (PTU) 2. Methimazole

Answer 41

Thioamides:

Question 42

# Reverse Uncomplicated hyperthyroid conditions

Answer 42

Thioamides are used for

Question 43

# Reverse Stabilize hydroxyapatite bone strucutre and also induce osteoblasts to secrete inhibitors of oseoclasts causing decrease bone resorption and decress progression of osteoporosis

Answer 43

Bisphosphonate mechanism of action

Question 44

# Reverse 1. Contraception 2. Hormone replacement therapy

Answer 44

Progestin used for

Question 45

# Reverse GnRH analog used for Endometriosis and prostate carcinoma

Answer 45

Leuprolide is