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Anti-inflammatory Drugs Flashcards

(84 cards)

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1
Q

Imodium: class

A

Antidiarrheal

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2
Q

Imodium: MOA

A

Inhibits preganglion cholinergic nerves in colon submucosa and myenteric plexus, slowing transit time

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3
Q

Imodium: indication

A

Mild to moderate diarrhea without obstruction

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4
Q

Does Imodium cross the blood brain barrier?

A

Nope

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5
Q

Kaopectolin: class

A

Antidiarrheal

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6
Q

Kaopectolin: MOA

A

Clay and pectin combo absorb fluids and bacterial toxins

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7
Q

Kaopectolin: indication

A

Mild diarrhea

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8
Q

Kaopectolin: Dx-Dx

A

Can absorb meds and decrease their concentration

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9
Q

Fiber: class

A

Antidiarrheal

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10
Q

Fiber: MOA

A

Absorbs and binds fluids, provides stool bulk

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11
Q

Fiber: indication

A

mild to moderate diarrhea, constipation

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12
Q

Fiber: Dx-Dx

A

Can bind to meds/vitamins/minerals

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13
Q

Bismuth subsalicylate: class

A

Antidiarrheal

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14
Q

Bismuth subsalicylate: MOA

A 
Salicylate = antisecretory
Bismuth = antimicrobial
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15
Q

Bismuth subsalicylate: indication

A

Mild, unspecific diarrhea, traveler’s diarrhea, part of the H. pylori regimen

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16
Q

Bismuth subsalicylate: side effect

A

Discolored stool

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17
Q

Bismuth subsalicylate: contraindications

A

Pregnancy

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18
Q

Octreotide: class

A

Antidiarrheal

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19
Q

Octreotide: MOA

A

Inhibits bowel secretions; dose-related impact on motility; splanchnic arteriole contraction

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20
Q

Octreotide: indication

A

Diarrhea secondary to bowel dysmotility, carcinoid, VIP-oma, vagotomy, dumping syndrome, short bowel syndrome, HIV diarrhea; GI bleeds

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21
Q

Octreotide: side effect

A

Steatorhea, gallstones (>50% in long term use)

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22
Q

Octreotide: contraindications

A

Bowel obstruction

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23
Q

Octreotide: Dx-Dx

A

Insulin, PO hypoglycemics, BBs, CBs

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24
Q

Senokot: class

A

Antidiarrheal

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25
Senokot: MOA
Induces mild inflamation, fluid retention, stimulated bowel motility
26
Senokot: indication
Constipation without obstruction *(then why is it an antidiarrheal???)*
27
Mesalamine: class
5ASA anti-inflammatory
28
Mesalamine: MOA
Local colon anti-inflammatory | Systemic prostaglandin inhibition
29
Mesalamine: indication
Ulcerative colitis, proctosigmoiditis
30
Mesalamine: Dx-Dx
Inhibits folate absorption, so you need to supplement it.
31
Sulfasalazine: class
5ASA anti-inflammatory
32
Sulfasalazine: MOA
Local colon anti-inflammation | Systemic prostaglandin inhibition
33
Sulfasalazine: indication
Ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease
34
Sulfasalazine: contraindication
G6PD deficiency
35
Sulfasalazine: Dx-Dx
Inhibits folate absorption
36
What is so neat baout the pharmycokinetics of sulfasalazine? | I think it's neat...but I'm a nerd
Colonic bacteria cleave away the sulapyridine and release the active 5ASA to do it's thing in the colon. (I think that's clever!)
37
Azathioprine: class
Purine analogue
38
Azathiprine: MOA
Inhibits DNA/RNA/Protein synthesis
39
Azathioprine: indication
Steroid sparing in steroid dependent CD, UC | Helps maintain remission
40
Azathioprine: Dx-Dx
Use with 5ASA increases the risk of myelosuppression
41
MTX:
How I've missed thee
42
MTX: class
Purine analogue
43
MTX: MOA
Inhibits protein synthesis and IL-1; increases release of adenosine
44
MTX: indication
CD, UC
45
What is important to know about MTX dosing?
Use lower doses for CD and for fewer side effects
46
Remicade: class
TNFa compound
47
Remicade: MOA
Decreased T-helper 1 cell activation & proliferation; Decrease IL-12 and leukocyte migration; Increase apoptosis in activated cells
48
Remicade: indication
Acute and maintenance Tx for severe CD, UC
49
Remicade: side effects
TB activation; HBV reactivation
50
Remicade: CD statistics
60% see sxs improvement; 30% see remission
51
Remicade: UC statistics
50-70% see sxs improvement; 33% see remission
52
Actigall: class
Gallstone dissolution agent
53
Actigall: MOA
Reduces hepatic secretion of cholesterol
54
Actigall: indication
Gallstones Gallstone prevention in rapid wt loss Primary biliary cirrhosis
55
Actigall: side effects
H/A, diarrhea
56
Actigall: what's the down side?
Dissolution takes months and the risk of recurrence is ~50%
57
Amitiza: class
Ca++ channel activator laxative
58
Amitiza: MOA
Activated Ca++ channels increase bowel secretions and motility
59
Amitiza: indication
Chronic idiopathic constipation IBS constipation Opioid constipation
60
Amitiza: side effect
Peripheral edema ***As a side note, you may remember that CCBs also cause peripheral edema. This just proves that pharmacology is black magic.
61
How do you take Amitiza?
With food
62
Linzess: class
cGMP agonist laxative
63
Linzess: MOA
Agonizes cGMP on bowel luminal surface, resulting in increased bowel secretions and motility
64
Linzess: indication
IBS-C in adults who did not respond to PEG; chronic idiopathic constipation in adults
65
Linzess: contraindication
66
What has to go along with an Rx for Linzess?
FDA med guide
67
How do you take Linzess?
30 minutes before meals on an empty stomach
68
MiraLax: class
Osmotic laxative
69
MiraLax: moa
Causes H2O secretion in stool and increases stool frequenct
70
MiraLax: indication
Occasional constipation | *short term use only*
71
MiraLax: side effect
Electrolyte imbalance
72
MiraLax: contraindication
Bowel obstruction
73
Lactulose: class
Osmotic laxative
74
Lactulose: MOA
Synthetic saccharide increases osmosis; | enhances secretion on NH3 into gut - then converts it to NH4 which cannot cross back
75
Lactulose: indication
Px and Tx of PSE
76
What dietary consideration need to be made on Lactulose?
Need a diet low in galactose
77
MgCitrate: class
Mg++ laxative
78
MgCitrate: MOA
Osmotic retention of bowel fluid distends colon and increases peristalsis
79
MgCitrate: indication
Occasional constipation; study prep
80
MgCitrate: contrindication
Low salt diet
81
Your Pt is going to call you and complain if you don't tel them this...
Chilling it makes it more palatable
82
Natalizumab: class
Anti-integrin
83
Natalizumab: MOA
Inhibits intergrins on leukocyte surfaces; | Inhibits their adhesion to vascular endothelium and migration into tissues
84
Natalizumab: indication
Severe, refractory CD

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