Anti-Inflammatory: Gout Drugs Flashcards
(29 cards)
_________ metabolism produces uric acid
purine
Purines are converted into
hypoxanthine
Xanthine oxidase converts
- Hypoxanthine to xanthine
2. Xanthine to uric acid
_____________ treat acute gout and pseudogout
- NSAIDs (e.g. indomethacin)
- Glucocorticoids (e.g. oral prednisone)
- Colchicine
Colchicine binds
intracellular tubulin preventing polymerization of microtubules
Colchicine disrupts
the cytoskeleton of neutrophils thereby inhibiting neutrophil migration, phagocytosis, and degranulation
Colchicine can cause
diarrhea
Pseudogout is
positively birefringent (blue under polarized light) and forms rhomboid-shaped crystals
_________ manages chronic gout
- Allopurinol
- Febuxostat
- Probenecid
- Pegloticase
Allopurinol inhibits
xanthine oxidase
_______ inhibits xanthine oxidase
- Allopurinol
2. Febuxostat
Uric acid crystals can form in
tumor lysis syndrome after starting cytotoxic chemotherapy
Tumor lysis syndrome is most common with treatment of
lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia
_______ prevent uric acid crystal deposition in setting of tumor lysis syndrome
Allopurinol
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (associated with hyperuricemia) is managed with
Allopurinol
Allopurinol manages
- Gout
- Pseudogout
- Tumor Lysis Syndrome
- Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
Allopurinol inhibits
breakdown of purine analogs (e.g. 6- mercaptopurine and azathioprine) increasing risk of toxicity
Allopurinol can cause
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
2. Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS syndrome)
Probenecid is a
- Uricosuric agent
2. Sulfa drug
Probenecid decreases
renal tubular reabsorption of uric acid
Probenecid can increase the risk of
renal stone formation due to increased uric acid excretion
Probenecid can inhibit the excretion of
many drugs
Probenecid prevents renal excretion of
penicillin
Aspirin at high doses prevents
reabsorption of uric acid
