Antibacterials

Question 1

Which of penicillin V and penicillin G are more stable in the presence of gastric acid ?

Answer 1

Penicillin V

Question 2

What pregnancy category are penicillins ?

Answer 2

B

Question 3

T/F

Penicillin G and penicillin V are natural first generation penicillins

Answer 3

True

Question 4

T/F

Penicillin V Generally exhibits higher antibacterial potency than Penicillin G

Answer 4

False

Lower

Question 5

T/F

Majority of penicillins are excreted renally

Answer 5

True
Except Nafcillin
Oxacillin
Piperacillin
These are excreted by biliary system

Question 6

T/F

Clarithromycin is equally well absorbed with or without food

Answer 6

True

Question 7

T/F

Erythromycin base is vulnerable to gastric acid degradation and must be taken on an empty stomach

Answer 7

True

Question 8

T/F

Azithromycin absorption is deCreased by food & best taken 1-2 hour before meal

Answer 8

True

Question 9

T/F

Tricyclics exhibit a wide variety of direct and indirect anti inflammatory properties that are unrelated to their anti biotic activity

Answer 9

True

Question 10

T/F

Clarithromycin Is 2-4 x more potent than erythromycin against G+ organisms

Answer 10

True

Question 11

T/F

Azithromycin is 2-4 x less activity against G+ organisms than ery

Answer 11

True &

Efficacy of Azithromycin is also enhanced by its ability to achieve High levels is several tissues

Question 12

Tetracyclines are associated with pseudotumor cerebri

Answer 12

t

Question 13

Amoxicillin is better absorbed and associated with less diarrhoea than ampicillin.

Answer 13

T

Question 14

Hypersensitivity reactions 1-3% of treated individuals on cephalosporins

Answer 14

T

Question 15

High degree of cross reactivity between carbapanems and penicillins

Answer 15

T

Question 16

Fluoroquinolones inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV

Answer 16

T

DNA gyrase = topoisomerase II

Question 17

Ciprofloxacin is active against bacillus anthrax and mycobacterium

Answer 17

T

Question 18

Tetracyclines are hydrophilic

Answer 18

F

Lipophilic

Question 19

Doxy most photo toxic of tetracyclines

Answer 19

T

Question 20

Rifamycin MoA

Answer 20

Bactericidal ( also static )

Bind B-subunit of bacterial DNA polymerase preventing RNA Tx

Question 21

TMP SMX has goodanaerobic cover

Answer 21

F

Poor

Question 22

Clindamycin is associated with C.diff in >10%

Answer 22

F

0.1-10%

Question 23

Penicillins contain sulfur

Answer 23

T

Question 24

Ciprofloxacin is good for anaerobes

Answer 24

False

Good for G-, variable for G+

Question 25

Rifampin has ineffective grAm neg cover

Answer 25

T

Question 26

Bactrim is good for anaerobic cover

Answer 26

F | Gram pos eg staph aureus

Question 27

First gen penicillins coverage

Answer 27

Isoxazolyl penicillins | Eg diclox and fluclox cover most strains of MRSA and other gram positive cocci

Question 28

Second gen penicillin coverage

Answer 28

Amino penicillins Amoxy and amp Gram positive cocci inhibition of gram negative bacilli

Question 29

Third generation penicillins | Fourth gen

Answer 29

3rd Carboxypenicillins eg. Carbenicillin 4th ureidopenicillins eg. Piperacillin Both have Anti pseudomonal activity But P>C

Question 30

Carpenems and penicillins have cross reactivity

Answer 30

T

Question 31

2nd gen cephalosporin coverage (true cephalosporins)

Answer 31

``` Haemophilus influenzae Moraxella catarrhallis Neisseria gonorrhoea Neisseria meningitidis Some enterobacteriacea ``` (HiMENN)

Question 32

2nd gen cephalosporins - cephamycin coverage

Answer 32

Inferior activity for Staph and Strep

Question 33

3rd gen ceph ceftazidime has greatest anti pseudomonal activity

Answer 33

T

Question 34

Ceftazidime is active against S. Aureus

Answer 34

F | Inactive

Question 35

4th gen ceph

Answer 35

Cefepime Activity against MSSA & non enterococcal streptococci And gram neg such as pseudomonas Ineffective against bacteroides fragilis

Question 36

Acute paronychia has been described following treatment with cephalexin

Answer 36

T

Question 37

Hypersensitivity reactions occur in 1-3% patients on cephalosporins

Answer 37

T

Question 38

Nephrotoxicity occurs commonly with cephalosporins and dose adjustment is necessary

Answer 38

F Rare Dose adjustment still requird

Question 39

Cephalosporins drug interactions

Answer 39

PAWDOH

Question 40

B-lactamase inhibitors have not been found to provide effective inhibition of B lactamases produced by pseudomonas , enterobacter and citrobacter

Answer 40

T

Question 41

Ticarcillin and piperacillin can decrease bleeding times

Answer 41

F | Prolong

Question 42

Bioavailability of augmentin Df is decreased by food

Answer 42

F | Unaffected

Question 43

Aztreonam is limited to aerobic gram negatives

Answer 43

T

Question 44

Dose related hearing loss in pt with renal failure on Vanc

Answer 44

T

Question 45

Erythromycin causes irreversible hearing loss In high doses

Answer 45

False | Reversible

Question 46

Levofloxacin and moxifloxacin are effective against Staph aureus and S. Pyogenes

Answer 46

T

Question 47

Moxifloxacin is not excreted renally unlike most fluoroquinolones

Answer 47

T

Question 48

Cipro is the treatment of choice for anthrax cutaneous

Answer 48

T

Question 49

Caution when prescribing doxy for pt with severe liver failure as metabolized by liver

Answer 49

T

Question 50

Only stearate erythromycin must be taken without food | EES no difference

Answer 50

T