Antibody

Question 1

describe humoral immunity

Answer 1

extracellular bacteria
Blymphocyte
transferred by serum antibodies
secreted antibody

Question 2

decribe cell mediated immunity

Answer 2

intracellular microbes
t lymphocyte
activation of macrophage or lysis of infected cell
transferred by lymphocytes

Question 3

difference between IgG expressing B cell and high affinity B cell

Answer 3

one has low affinity and one has high

Question 4

4 outcomes of the activation of B cells

Answer 4

1. b cell turns into antibody secreting cells (IgM)
2. isotype switch to IgG expressing B cell (low affinity)
3. high affinity B cell formed through affinity maturation
4. keep at a quiet state - memory b cell

Question 5

5 classes of antibodies with difference in heavy chain constant region

Answer 5

IgG/E/D/A/M

Question 6

antibody structure parts

Answer 6

antibody binding region with a variable part
constant region (Fc)

Question 7

IgG structure

Answer 7

two identical heavy and light chains

intamolecular disulfide bridges

Question 8

explain the hinge region

Answer 8

rich in proline residues making it flexible and a target for proteolytic digestion
rich in cysteine residues for disulfide bonds

Question 9

IgM and IgE lack hinge region what do they have instead

Answer 9

CH4 domain

Question 10

what does mercaptoethanol reduction do

Answer 10

eliminates disulfide bonds resulting in 2 H chains and L chains

Question 11

papain digestion results in

Answer 11

2 identical Fab and 1 Fc

Question 12

pepsin digestion results in

Answer 12

Fab(2)

and no Fc

Question 13

what is the two gene model

Answer 13

two separate genes encode a single Ig H or L chain

one gene for the V region the other for the C region

Question 14

number of combinations of VJC in

a) gamma chain
b) kapa chain
c) H chain

Answer 14

a) 480
b) 200
c) 5382

Question 15

gene rearrangements

Answer 15

H chain V region genes rearrange first and then the L chain V region genes
rearrangement occurs in an ordered sequence but theyre random events

Question 16

what are the only known site specific dna rearrangements in vertebrates

Answer 16

Ig and TCR genes

Question 17

H chain DNA rearrangements from the germ cell arrangement

Answer 17

1. D gene joins J gene
2. V gene joins DJ
3. C gene joins VDJ then transcription occurs becoming mRNA
   C gene determines what class of antibody

Question 18

L chain DNA rearangements

Answer 18

1. LV gene joins J gene
2. C joins LVJ
   C gene represent diff type of light chain

Question 19

____ crosses placenta

Answer 19

IgG

Question 20

monomers

Answer 20

IgA,G,D,E

Question 21

pentamer and hexamer

Answer 21

IgM

Question 22

dimer

Answer 22

IgA

Question 23

IgA properties

Answer 23

secretory

binds to polymeric Ig receptor

Question 24

IgG properties

Answer 24

placental transfer
secondary antibody for response to pathogen
binds macrophage

Question 25

IgM properties

Answer 25

primary antibody response

Question 26

IgD properties

Answer 26

mature B cell marker

Question 27

IgE properties

Answer 27

allergy and parasite reactivity | binds mast cells and basophils

Question 28

3categories of antigenic determinants on antibodies

Answer 28

isotypic allotypic idiotypic

Question 29

isotype immunogen antibodies

Answer 29

constant region of Ab is the immunogen often occur in teh Ab from diff species Ab from the same species will not generate isotype reaction

Question 30

allotype reaction

Answer 30

due to small diff 1-4aa in the constant region of ab from the same species these differences can arise due to polymorphism observed in pregnancy and blood transfusion

Question 31

idiotype reaction

Answer 31

since Fv region can bind antigen, Ab from the same species could also behave as immunogen

Question 32

antibody use in diagnostic tests

Answer 32

capable of detecting tiny amount of molecules

Question 33

antibody use in diagnostic imaging

Answer 33

recognize tumor antigens and are radiolabeled with iodine

Question 34

murine mAbs

Answer 34

0% sequences similar to human mAbs | momab

Question 35

chimeric mAbs

Answer 35

75% similar to humans | ximab

Question 36

CDR grafted mAbs

Answer 36

90% similar to human | zumab

Question 37

human mAbs

Answer 37

100% similar to human | mumab

Question 38

direct antibody biological activities

Answer 38

blocking antigen antibody interaction antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity complement dependent cytotoxicity apoptosis

Question 39

indirect antibody activities

Answer 39

toxins radioisotopes cytokines bispecific antibodies

Question 40

activation of B cell

Answer 40

resting IgM, IgD, and a mature B cell exposed to antigen activates B cell

Question 41

first 100 amino acids o N terminal of both H and L chain (Fv) are

Answer 41

variable

Question 42

where does the antibody bind the antigen

Answer 42

complementarity determining regions

Question 43

role of IgG 1,2,3,4

Answer 43

decrease serum concentration ?antigens

Question 44

role of IgG 1,3,4

Answer 44

cross placenta

Question 45

most effective complement activator

Answer 45

IgG3

Question 46

have high affinity for FcR on phagocytic cells, good for opsonization

Answer 46

IgG1,3