Anxiety

Question 1

thalamic symptoms of anxiety?

Answer 1

sweating
hot flushes
cold chills
shaking

Question 2

cardiac symptoms of anxiety?

Answer 2

palpitations
pounding heart
tachycardia
chest pain

Question 3

GI symptoms of anxiety

Answer 3

nausea

abdo distress eg churning stomach

Question 4

ENT symptoms of anxiety?

Answer 4

dry mouth
choking sensation
dysphagia/”lump in throat”

Question 5

how could an anxiety patient describe their loss of consciousness?

Answer 5

dizzy
unsteady
faint
lightheaded

Question 6

what is meta-worry?

Answer 6

worrying so much that you begin to worry about worrying

Question 7

what is derealisation?

Answer 7

feeling that objects are unreal

Question 8

cognitive symptoms of anxiety

Answer 8

derealisation and depersonalisation
fear of losing control
feeling on edge/tense
problems concentrating
hypervigilance
racing thoughts
meta-worry
need for order and routine

Question 9

behavioural symptoms of anxiety

Answer 9

avoidance of situations
exaggerated response to surprises
insomnia from worrying
excessive use of alcohol/drugs
restlessness/cant relax
irritablity

Question 10

the emotional filter of the brain is…

Answer 10

the amygdala

Question 11

how does the amygdala monitor stress?

Answer 11

assesses whether sensory material via the thalamus requires a stress or fear response

Question 12

why does acute stress increase cortisol levels?

Answer 12

cortisol acts to mediate the stress response so the more stress the more cortisol is needed

Question 13

generalised anxiety disorder is persistent T or F

Answer 13

T

Question 14

what symptoms are dominant in generalised anxiety disorder?7

Answer 14

persistent nervousness
trembling
muscular tensions
fatigue/sleep problems
sweating
lightheadedness
palpitations
dizziness
epigastric discomfort

Question 15

what kind of fear tends to be expressed by GAD patients?

Answer 15

patient or relative will shortly become ill or have an accident

Question 16

criteria for GAD?

Answer 16

> 6 month onset
not controllable
causes impairment in function

Question 17

who gets GAD?

Answer 17

mainly females in their 20-40s

Question 18

__% of GAD is comorbid with other psychiatric disorders

Answer 18

90

Question 19

Tx of GAD?

Answer 19

CBT
SSRIs/SNRIs
pregabalin

Question 20

depersonalisation and derealisation are symptoms of what anxiety disorder?

Answer 20

panic disorder

Question 21

how does panic disorder present?

Answer 21

recurrent attacks of severe anxiety (panic) which are unpredictable

Question 22

describe the symptoms of a panic attack

Answer 22

palpitations
chest pain
choking sensations
dizziness
derealisation/depersonalisation

Question 23

patients experiencing a panic attack tend to have a fear of what during the attack?

Answer 23

theyre going to die, lose control or go mad

Question 24

what is agoraphobia? what anxiety disorder can it present with?

Answer 24

fear of being in situations where escape might be difficult or that help wouldn’t be available if things go wrong;
panic disorder

Question 25

how common is agoraphobia with panic disorder?

Answer 25

about 2/3 get it

Question 26

age of onset of panic disorder?

Answer 26

late adolescence to mid 30s

Question 27

treatment of panic disorder?

Answer 27

CBT | SSRI/SNRI/tricyclics

Question 28

how should benzos be used in anxiety disorders?

Answer 28

short term only

Question 29

phobias tend to present late/early

Answer 29

early

Question 30

name the 3 types of phobia

Answer 30

agoraphobia social phobia specific phobia

Question 31

patient presents with fear of shopping, compulsive drinking to eliminate social anxiety, hates public transport...

Answer 31

agoraphobia

Question 32

define specific phobia

Answer 32

a marked and persistent fear that is excessive or unreasonable, cued by the presence or anticipation of something eg heights

Question 33

Tx of specific phobias?

Answer 33

exposure to the stimulus CBT SSRIs/SNRIs if required

Question 34

define social anxiety disorder/social phobia

Answer 34

a persistent fear of one or more social situation in which the person is exposed to unfamiliar people and is worried theyll be embarassing or humiliating

Question 35

symptoms of SAD?

Answer 35

panic attacks blushing/shaking fear of vomiting urgency or fear of micturition or defaecation

Question 36

consequences of SAD for the patient?

Answer 36

poor school performance school refusal poor employment Hx

Question 37

Tx of social phobia

Answer 37

CBT | SSRIs/SNRIs

Question 38

most common obsessive disorder in OCD?

Answer 38

contamination

Question 39

most common compulsions in OCF?

Answer 39

checking | cleaning/washing

Question 40

how to diagnose OCD?

Answer 40

present most days for at least 2 weeks AND be an interference with activities

Question 41

mean age of onset of OCD?

Answer 41

20

Question 42

OCD is linked to depression T or F

Answer 42

T

Question 43

Tx of OCD

Answer 43

CBT SSRIs clomipramine

Question 44

benzodiazepines ___ the effect of GABA

Answer 44

enhance