Application Layer

Question 1

HTTP port number

Answer 1

80

Question 2

What is Port 80

Answer 2

HTTP. Port the server listens to or expects to receive web requests from another computer

Web request
Default port

Question 3

HTTPS port number

Answer 3

443

Question 4

Difference between HTTP and HTTPS

Answer 4

HTTPS is more secure (S means secure)

requires authorization and encryption

Question 5

DHCP port number(s)

Answer 5

67 and 68

Question 6

What is DHCP

Answer 6

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

Question 7

Difference between Port 67 and 68

Answer 7

67 - incoming client requests - sending

68 - server replies to the client - replies

Question 8

What is DHCP Scope?

Answer 8

Pool of addresses available to be issues to client machines

Question 9

What are DHCP reservations?

Answer 9

Addresses that are excluded from the scope to be used for static IPs, etc

Question 10

What is DORA?

Answer 10

Discover, Offer, Request, Acknowledge

Question 11

What is Discover?

Answer 11

Broadcast by client for looking for a DHCP server

Question 12

What is Offer?

Answer 12

Reply from the server offering IP address, Subnet Mask, and Default Gateway
(Includes DNS server information too)

Question 13

What is Request?

Answer 13

Client replies stating that it would like to lease this address (the broadcast)

Question 14

What is Acknowledge?

Answer 14

Server temporarily leases the IP address to the client machine. (8 days by default for Microsoft DHCP server)

Question 15

DNS port number

Answer 15

53

Question 16

What is DNS?

Answer 16

Domain Name Service

Question 17

What are domain names?

Answer 17

They were craeted to convert IP addresses to readable names that is much easier to remember.
Domain name = Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN)