Approaches Flashcards
(22 cards)
Who came up with introspection?
Wilhelm Wundt
What does the ‘learning approach’ refer to?
Behaviourist approach and SLT
What does the behaviourist approach include?
Classical and operant conditioning
Who investigated classical conditioning in dogs?
Pavlov
Who investigated operant conditioning in rats?
Skinner
Who came up with SLT?
Bandura
What’s the process of SLT?
Modelling, imitation, identification, vicarious reinforcement
What was the SLT experiment by Bandura?
Bobo dolls
What was the conclusion of Bandura’s Bobo doll experiment?
Children learn through observation
What does the cognitive approach say our behaviour is because of?
Internal mental processes
Meaning of inference
Psychologists draw conclusions about mental processes based on observational behaviour
Schema definition
Packages of info developed through experience
Cognitive neuroscience definition
scientific study of influence of brain structure on mental processes
Components of biological approach
Genes, genotype and phenotype, structures, neurochemistry, evolution
How does the psychodynamic approach explain behaviour?
Innate drives and instincts, childhood, role of conscious and unconscious
3 parts of psyche
Id, ego, superego
3 ego defence mechanisms
Repression, displacement and denial
Order of psychosexual stages
Oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital
Components of humanistic approach
Free will, self actualisation, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and the self/congruence and conditions of worth
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs order
Physiological, safety, love, esteem, self actualisation
Rogers suggested therapists provide their clients with 3 things
Genuineness, empathy, unconditional positive regard
