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step 2 uworld > april 2 > Flashcards

april 2 Flashcards

(46 cards)

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1
Q

complications of RSV in an infant?

A

apnea

respiratory failure

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2
Q

infants <2 months are at high risk of developing _____ from RSV

A

apnea

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3
Q

prophylaxis of RSV for young babies?

A

Palivizumab

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4
Q

patients with a cleft palate have increased risk of…

A

middle ear disease

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5
Q

no p waves and sine wave pattern on ECG =

A

hyperkalemic emergency

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6
Q

what do you give patients with hyperkalmeic emergency?

A

CALCIUM GLUCONATE

then insulin + glucose

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7
Q

triad of symptoms in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis?

A

fever, pleuritic chest pain, hemoptysis

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8
Q

CT findings of invasive aspergillosis

A

nodules with surrounding ground glass opacities (and halo sign)

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9
Q

treatment of invasive aspergillosis?

A

voriconazole + echinocandin (eg. capsofungin)

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10
Q

presentation of meckels diverticulum

A

painless lower GI bleeding (but can also present with intusseception, volvulus, obstruction)

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11
Q

diagnostic test for meckels?

A

technetium-99 scan (meckel scan)

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12
Q

will you see milk induced proctocolitis in a 2 year old?

A

NOOOO only occurs in infants prior to age 1

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13
Q

Treating neuropathic pain wiht amitryptine should be AVOIDED in which patients?

A

those >65 and those with cardiac disease

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14
Q

why should amitryptilline be avoided in those >65?

A

antimuscarinic side effects

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15
Q

why should amitryptilline be avoided in those wtih cardiac disease?

A

can cause cardiac conduction abnormalities

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16
Q

path of leukocyte adhesion deficiency

A

reduced CD18 antigen (component of integrins) on white neutrophils -> impaired neutrophil migration

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17
Q

first step in management of hypospadias?

A

urological evaluation

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18
Q

what causes AV nodal reentry tachycardia?

A

2 distinct conduction pathways

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19
Q

when should you be vaccinated with the meningococcal vaccintation?

Study These Flashcards
A

11-12 years old and then receive booster at age 16

20
Q

white granular buccal lesion that doestn scrape off =

21
Q

chest XRAY findings in acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis?

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A

scattered micronodular interstitial opacities

22
Q

chest XRAY findings in chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis?

Study These Flashcards
A

diffuse reticular interstitial opacities

23
Q

does hypersensitivity pneumonitis cause a restrictive or obstructive pattern ?

24
Q

which patients receive chest physiotherapy?

Study These Flashcards
A

those with bronchioectasis

25
is chest therapy used for patients wtih a COPD exacerbation?
no
26
syringomyelia is associated with..
Chiari I malformation
27
rickets is caused by a deficiency in..
vitamin D
28
path of minimal change disease
t cell mediated injury to podocytes
29
treatment of minimal change disease?
corticosteroids
30
should all patients with RA receive disease modifying agents?
yess
31
should you manage RA with NSAIdS?
NO - DISEASE MODIFYING AGENTS (plus NSAIDS for symptom releif)
32
what kind of antibodies are seen in drug induced lupus?
anti histone antibodies
33
Name 3 drugs that are commonly associated with drug induced lupus
Hydralazine, procainamide, penicillamine
34
clinical features of drug induced lupus
Acute onset of - constitutional symptoms (fever, night malaise) - arthralgias - serositis (pleuritis, pericarditis) - rash
35
compared to SLE, drug induced lupus onset is more...
ACUTE
36
what type of drug is cyclophosphamide?
alkylating agent
37
what is the toxic metabolite of cyclophosphamide?
acrolein
38
Effects of acrolein on the bladder?
acute hemorhagic cystitis, bladder carcinoma, sterility and myelosuppression
39
GI fluid is rich in...
HCl and KCl
40
MOA of the tetanus neurotoxin?
binds peripheral nerve terminals, travels retrograde on axons and then blocks the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters at CNS synapses
41
Classic findings seen in henoch-schonlein purpura (igA vasculitis)
- palpable purpura/petechia - arthritis/arthralgias - abdominal pain/intussesception - renal disease - scrotal swelling/pain
42
where is chloroquine resistance common?
Africa, Asia and Oceania
43
what prophylaxis is given to travellers to chloroquine resistant areas?
Mefloquine, doxycycline, atovaquone-proguanil
44
patients with high myopia are at increased risk for...
retinal detachment and macular degeneration
45
A health care worker without previous Hep B vaccination gets a needle prick from an infected patient. Prophylaxis ?
Full Hep B vaccine course (3 doses) | Hep B immunoglobulin
46
genetics of myotonic dystrophy?
autosomal dominant CTG repeat

step 2 uworld (57 decks)

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