associations Flashcards by Adam Gardner

actinic keratosis

precursor to squamous cell carcinoma

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acute gastric ulcer and CNS injury

cushing ulcer ( increased ICP stimulates vagal gastric secretion)

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acute gastric ulcer and sever burn

curling ulcer (decreased plasma volume leads to sloughing of gastric mucosa)

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aneurysm, dissecting

HTN

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AA in abdomen/descending aorta

athero

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arch AA

marfan

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atrophy of mammilary bodies

wernicke enceph ( thiamine def, ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, confusion)

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autosplenectomy

SCD (fibrosis and shrinkage)

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bacterial meningitis (elderly and adult)

strep pneumo

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bac meningitis (newborns and kids)

newborns - GBS, E. coli

kids - strep pneumo, neisseria

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benign melanocytic nevus

spitz nevus (first two decades of life)

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bleeding disorder with GpIb deficiency

bernard soulier (defect in platelet adhesion to vWF)

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brain tumor adults order of commonality

supratentorial

mets
glioblastoma (astro)
meningioma
schwannoma

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brain tumor kids order of commonality

infratentorial: medulloblastoma
supratentorial: craniopharyngioma

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breast cancer

infiltrating ductal carcinoma

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breast mass

fibrocystic change

carcinoma in post-menopause

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benign breast tumor

fibroadenoma

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cardiac primary tumor kids

rhabdomyoma, seen in tuberous sclerosis

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cardiac manifestations of lupus

libman sacks endocarditis (non-bacterial affecting both sides of mitral valve)

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cardiac tumor adults

mets

myxoma (ball and valve)

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cerebellar tonsilar herniation

chiari II malformation

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chronic arrhythmia

a-fib

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chronic atrophic gastritis

predisposition to gastric carcinoma/pernicious anemia

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clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina

DES in utero

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compression fracture

osteoporosis (type I in postmenopausal women, type II in elderly man or women)

CAH and hypotension

21 hydroxylase def

congenital cardiac anomaly

VSD

congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia

dubin johnson

constrictive pericarditis

developing world - TB | developed world - SLE

coronary thrombosis most common arteries

LAD > RCA > LCA

cretinism

iodine deficiency/hypothyroid

cushing syndrome

- steroid therapy - adrenocortical adenoma - ACTH secreting pituitary adenoma - paraneoplastic cushing (ACTH secretion)

cyanosis (early)

- tetra of fallot - trans of great vessels - truncus arter

cyanosis (late)

- VSD, ASD, PDA

death in CML

blast crisis

death in SLE

lupus nephropathy

dementia

- alz | - mult infarcts

demyelinating disease in young women

DIC

- severe sepsis - OB complications - cancer - burns - trauma - major surgery

dietary deficit

iron

diverticulum in pharynx

zenker (by barium swallow)

ejection click

aortic/pulmonic stenosis

esophageal cancer

squamous cell carcinoma

food poisoning (exotoxin mediated)

S aureus, B cereus

GNitis adult

berger (IgA nephropathy)

gynecological malignancy

endometrial carcinoma, cervical

congenital heart murmur

mitral valve prolapse

heart valve in bacterial endocarditis

mitral > aortic (rheumatic fever), tricuspid in IV drug use

helminth infection

enterobius vermicularis, ascaris lumbricoides

hematoma - subdural

rupture of bridging veins

hematoma epidural

middle meningial artery

hemochromatosis

multiple blood transfusions or hereditary HFE mutation

hepatocellular carcinoma

cirrhotic liver (hep B, C, alcoholism)

hereditary bleeding disorder

vWillbrand

hereditary harmless jaundice

gilbert (unconjugated bili)

HLA B27

ank spondylitis, psori arth, reactive arth, ulcerative colitis

HLA-DR3 or DR4

diabetes mellitus type 1, rheumatoid arth, SLE

holosystolic murmur

vsd, tricuspid or mitral regurge

hypercoagulability, endothelia damage, blood stasis

virchow's triad (venous thrombosis)

secondary hypertension

renal disease

hypoparathyroid

thyroidectomy

hypopituitarism

pit adenoma

infection secondary to blood transfusion

hep c

infections in chronic granulomatous disease

catalase + (staph, E. coli, aspergillus)

intellectual disability

downs, fragile X

kidney stones

calcium - radio opaque struvite - radio opaqu, from proteus or staph uric acid - radiolucent

late cyanotic shunt

eisenmenger syndrome

liver disease

alc cirrosis

lysosomal storage disease

gauchers

male cancer

prostate, lung, colon

malignancy and non-infectious fever

hodgkins

malignancy in kids

ALL, medulloblastoma

metastasis to bone

prostate, breast > lung > thyroid

mets to brain

lung > breast > GU > melanoma > GI

mets to liver

colon >>> stomach, pancreas

mitochondrial inheritance

men and women get it, only from mother

mitral valve stenosis

rheumatic heart disease

mixed upper and lower motor signs

ALS

myocarditis

coxsackie B

nephrotic syndrome adults

FSGS

nephrotic syndrome kids

minimal change

neuron migration failure

kallman syndrome (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia)

nosocomial pneumonia

klebsiella, e. coli, pseudmonas,

obstruction of male urinary tract

BPH

opening snap

mitral stenosis

opportunistic infection in AIDS

pneumocystic jirovecii

osteomyelitis

staph aureus

osteo in sickle cell

salmonella

osteo in IV drug use

pseudomonas or staph aureus

ovarian mets from gastric or breast cancer

krukenburg (mucin secreting signet rings)

ovarian tumor (benign, bilateral)

serous cystadenoma

ovarian tumor malignant

serous cystadenocarcinoma

acute pancreatitis

gallstones, alcohol, triglyc, scorpion,

chronic pancreatitis

alcohol, CF

age of patient ALL, CLL, AML, CML

ALL - kid CLL - adult > 60 AML - adult about 65 CML - adult 30-60

PID

chlamydia, gonorrhea

philadelphia chromasome

CML, 9;22 bcr-abl

pituitary tumor

prolactinoma or somatotropic adenoma

primary amenorrhea

turners 45XO

primary bone tumor

primary hyperaldosteronism

adenoma of adrenal cortex

primary hyperparathyroidism

adenoma, hyperplasia, carcinoma

primary liver cancer

HCC (chronic hep, cirrhosis, hemochromatosis, a1 antitrypsin)

pulm HTN

COPD

recurrent inflammation of small to medium vessels in extremities

buergers

renal tumor

RCC (VHL, cigarettes, paraneoplastic syndromes such as EPO, renin, PTH, ACTH)

right heart failure

cor pulmonale

increased ventricular filling (left-right shunt, mitral regurge, LV failure in CHF)

stiff ventricle (aortic stenosis, restrictive cardiomyopathy)

secondary hyperparathyroidism

hypocalcemia of chronic kidney disease

SIADH

small cell carcinoma of the lung

site of diverticula

sigmoid colon

site of atheroslerosis

abdominal aorta, coronary artery, popliteal, carotid

stomach cancer

adenocarcinoma

14;18

follicular lymphoma (bcl-2)

8;14

burkitt (c-myc)

temporal arteritis

risk of ipsilateral blindness due to thrombosis of ophthalmic artery; polymyalgia rheumatica

testicular tumor

seminoma

thyroid cancer

papillary carcinoma

tumor in women

leiomyoma (estrogen dependent and not precancerous)

tumor of infancy

hemangioma (regresses spontaneously)

adrenal tumor adults

pheo

adrenal tumor kids

neuroblastoma (malignant)

types of hodgkin

- nodular - mixed cellularity - lymphocytic predominance - lymphocytic depletion

type of non-hodgkin

diffuse large cell

UTI

e. coli, staph saprophyticus

viral encephalitis affecting temporal lobe

HSV-1

vitamin deficiency US

folate

associations Flashcards

(128 cards)