Associations for STEP 1 Flashcards
Sources: First Aid USMLE STEP 1 2021 First Aid USMLE STEP 1 2022 TrueLearn Bank Flash cards AUTOR: Marxena,Andrea (87 cards)
1
Q
Down syndrome associations:
6
A
1) Acute leukemias both AML and ALL
2) Gastrointestinal anomalies: duodenal atresia,Hirschsprung disease.
3) Heart problems-> endocardial cushions defect)
4) Early-onset Alzheimer: (APP gene is located in chromosome 21)
5) C1-C2 subluxation
6) Imperforate Anus
2
Q
polyarteritis nodosa associations:
A
1) Hep B
2) Hep C
3
Q
Intussusception
A
1) Henoch-Schonlein purpura
2) Meckers Diverticulum
3) Rotavirus Vaccine
4
Q
Polymyositis
A
Malignancies
5
Q
Cryoglobulinemia
3
A
- Hep C
- Multiple Myeloma
- Mycoplasma Infection
* **present with large amounts of cryoglobulins that precipitate at lower temperatures, which is why this patient had more symptoms with lower temperatures
6
Q
Porphyria cuteness tarda (1)
A
Hep C
7
Q
AIHA (warm type)
2
A
1) SLE
2) CLL-> Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
8
Q
Cold agglutinin disease
3
A
1) EBV
2) Mycoplasma
3) waldenstroms macroglobulinemia
9
Q
Angiodysplasia
3
A
- Aortic stenosis
- End-Stage Renal Disease
- von Willebrand disease
10
Q
Restless leg Sx (1)
A
Fe+ deficiency anemia
11
Q
Breath-holding spells (1)
A
Fe+ deficiency anemia
12
Q
Bells palsy (3)
A
1) Lyme disease
2) sarcoidosis
3) herpes zoster
13
Q
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (3)
A
1) HIV
2) cancer
3) drugs (cyclosporine,ticlopidine,clopidogrel)
14
Q
Polycystic kidney disease (4)
A
1) Berry aneurysm
2) liver cysts
3) Mitral valve prolapse
4) Diverticulosis
15
Q
Psoriasis
1
A
1) Depression
16
Q
Pemphigus Vulgaris
2
A
1) ACEIs
2) Penicillamine
17
Q
Omphalocele
2
A
1) Tri13
2) Tri18
18
Q
Umbilical hernia
3
A
1) Congenital Hypothyroidism
2) African american babies
3) Beckwith-Wiedemann Sx
4) Prematurity
19
Q
Multiple itchy seborrheic keratoses
“sign of Leser-Trélat”
(1)
A
1) GI malignancy
20
Q
Pyoderma gangrenosum
1
A
1)Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-> UC*
21
Q
Widespread molluscum contagiosum
1
A
HIV
22
Q
C1-C2 subluxation (2)
A
1) Down sx
2) Rheumatoid arthritis
23
Q
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)
6
A
1) HIV
2) IVDU-> Heroin
3) Afro-American race
4) Sickle cell dx
5) Obesity
6) Interferon treatment
24
Q
Membranous nephropathy
4
A
1) Solid carcinomas
2) hep B
3) NSAID’s
4) SLE
25
```
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN)
(2)
```
1) Hep B
| 2) Hep C
26
Minimal change disease
| 2
1) Children
| 2) Adults with Hodgkins lymphoma
27
Mesangial ( IgA nephropathy) (1)
1) Recent Upper Respiratory Infection
28
dermatitis herpetiformis
| 1
1) Celiac Dx
29
```
Erythema nodosum
(4)
```
1) Sarcoidosis
2) Crohn's disease
3) coccidioidomycosis
4) histoplasmosis
30
Toxic Megacolon
| 2
1) Ulcerative Colitis
| 2) Chagas dx
31
Diphyllobothrium Latum (1)
B12 Deficiency
32
HLA-DQ8 and HLA-DQ2
Celiac Dx
33
A higher risk of colon cancer is elevated in which IBD
Crohn disease
34
Budd-Chiari syndrome (hepatic vein thrombosis) is often associated
1) hypercoagulable
states-> (polycythemia vera)
*abdominal bruit
35
Meconium Ileum (1)
1.CF
36
Horseshow Kidney (1)
1.Turner Sx
37
BMPR2 gene are associated with (1)
primary (inherited) pulmonary arterial hypertension
38
Multiple conditions are associated with PCOS
| 9
1) obesity
2) reduced glucose tolerance
3) metabolic syndrome
4) type 2 diabetes mellitus
5) Infertility
6) cardiovascular risks
7) obstructive sleep apnea
8) endometrial cancer
9) metabolic-associated fatty liver disease.
39
Esophageal stricture formation is associated (3)
1)chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), 2)esophagitis (due to certain infections and/or medications), 3)ingestion of caustic materials such as lye-based cleaning products (oven cleaner, drain cleaner, etc)
40
Associated with lesions along the lateral sympathetic chain (1)
- >Horner Syndrome
- Ipsilateral miosis
- Partial ptosis
- Anhidrosis
41
Arnold-Chiari 1 is asso: (2)
1) syringomyelia
| 2) Connective tissue disorders, such as Ehlers-Danlos and Marfan’s syndrome
42
Dandy-Walker syndrome is asso (2)
1. corpus callosum absence
| 2. Karyotype abnormalities
43
Saccular or berry aneurysms are often associated with
| 3
1. Marfan’s syndrome
2. Ehler-Danlos syndrome
3. Adult polycystic kidney disease.
44
high-arched cavus feet is often associated with (1)
Charcot Marie tooth sx
45
Giant cell arteritis is associated with
| 1
1.polymyalgia rheumatica, which presents as pain and stiffness in the neck, shoulders and hips,
46
Hemangioblastoma Cerebellar tumor associated with
| 2
1. von Hippel-Lindau syndrome
| 2. produce EPO (polycythemia vera)
47
Tourette syndrome is associated with
| 1
obsessive-compulsive disorder
48
Rett syndrome may also have
| 1
Autismo
49
Psy medications associated with Serotonin Syndrome:
-TCAs
- MAOIs
-SSRIs,
-SNRIs
**all increase synaptic levels
of serotonin.
50
Cardiomiopatia hipertrofica en jovenes es asociada a
FORMA MUTADA DE TRANSTIRETINA-> amiloidosis
51
Malignidades asociadas a produccion ectopica de ACTH
| 2
- Renal cell CA
| - Small cell lung CA
52
Skin tags are asso to ->
Insulin resistance
53
Acanthosis nigricans is asso (malignidad)
-Adeno CA Gastrico
54
glucagonoma-> (2)
- Necrolitic migratory erythema (zona inginal)
| - Trombosis venosa profunda
55
clumbbing en dedos es asoc a->
- CF
| - Malignidad
56
Aplasia celulas rojas->
Timoma
57
tromboflevitis migratoria protuberancia lineal en las venas (Trousseau sign of malignancy)
-CA pancreatico
58
Antibiotico asso a desabilizar placas ateromatosas->
Flurquinolonas
59
Se asso a serum sickness
| 3
1) acetazolamida
2) Betalactamicos
3) Hep B
60
usually presents between 20-40 years of age. The patient does have a prior history of tobacco use; however, the patient usually presents with claudication, pain at rest, or gangrene of the fingertips.
Buerger's disease
| asso to smoking
61
Syndromes that are associated with the presence of pheochromocytomas include: (4)
- Neurofibromatosis 1
- Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease
- Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2A (MEN2A)
- MEN2B
62
a sudden rise in creatinine after beginning treatment with an ACE inhibitor
raise concern for bilateral renal artery stenosis.
63
suffering from mushroom poisoning, most likely ingested via a fungus containing
α-Amanitin-> inhibits RNA polymerase II
64
Asso to mosaicism inheritance (3)
1. Turner sx
2. Down sx
3. Mccune albright sx
65
Actinic (solar) keratosis
Precursor of Squamous cell carcinoma
66
Acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury
Cushing's Ulcer (stimulates vagal gastric secretion)
67
Acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns
Curling's ulcer (greatly reduced plasma volume results in sloughing of gastric mucosa)
68
Alternating areas of transmural inflammation and normal colon
Skip lesions (Crohn's dx)
69
Dissecting Aneurysm asso to
Hypertension
70
Aortic aneurysm,abdominal and descending aorta
Atherosclerosis
71
Aortic aneurysm,ascending
1. 3ary Syphilis
| 2. Marfans
72
Atrophy of the mammillary bodies
Wernicke's encephalopathy
| thiamine deficiency causig ataxia,ophthalmoplegia,confusion
73
Autosplenectomy (fibrosis and shrinkage)
Sickle cell anemia (Hbs)
74
Bacteria associated with stomach cancer
H.Pylori
75
Clostridium septicum
gas gangrene + colon cancer
76
Strep bovis (S. gallolyticus)
Subacute endocarditis + colon cancer (do colonoscopy)
77
Vibrio vulnificus (1)
grows rapidly in blood from patients with hemochromatosis
78
Burkholderia Cepacia (2)
1. Gram negative, non-lactose fermenting, oxidase+catalase positive.
2. Cystic fibrosis bug, contraindication for lung transplant
79
Silicosis asso in micro (1)
Increase risk of tuberculosis
80
Silicosis asso to work (2)
- Sandblasting
| - Glasswork
81
Asbestosis is asso (2)
Bronchogenic CA >>> Mesothelioma
82
Amniotic fluid embolism is asso to (2)
abruptio placentae
| DIC
83
Acute cholestatic hepatitis -> Associated Drug(s)
Macrolides
84
Hepatic necrosis -> Associated Drug(s) (3)
- Acetaminophen
- Halothane-> px lo aperaron fuera de USA.
- Valproic acid
85
Hepatitis-> Associated Drug(s)
```
Amiodarone
Carbamazepine
Cetuximab
Fibrates
Isoniazid
Ketoconazole
Methotrexate
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Pyrazinamide
Rifampin
Statins
```
86
Autoimmune hepatitis is associated with the presence of
anti-smooth muscle antibodies.
87
Hepatic vein thrombosis is most commonly seen during
pregnancy
hepatocellular carcinoma
paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.
