Assumptions of Approaches

Question 1

Behaviourist Approach

Answer 1

• Everyone is born as a ‘blank slate’
• All behaviour is learned from environment
• Only directly observable behaviours can be measured
• CC & OC underpin principles

Question 2

Social Learning Theory

Answer 2

• Children learn via ARRM of role models & social contexts
• People are shaped by their environment via internal learning mechanisms

Question 3

Cognitive

Answer 3

• Study of IMPs (e.g. memory, thinking, attention, perception)
• IMPs cannot be directly observed → inferences
• Use theoretical & computer models to understand IMPs & provide testable theories

Question 4

Biological

Answer 4

• To understand behaviour we must look at biological structures, functions & processes
• e.g. genes, hormones, brain structure
• Assumes a biological basis for behaviour

Question 5

Psychodynamic

Answer 5

• Childhood experiences determine later life outcomes
• e.g. psychosexual fixations
• Lots of the mind is inaccessible via conscious awareness

Question 6

Humanistic