ASU Chapter 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Question 1

• transition from adolescence to adulthood
• occurs from approx. 18-25 years of age
• experimentation and exploration

Answer 1

emerging adulthood

Question 2

key features of becoming an adult

Answer 2

• identity exploration
• instability, self-focused, and feeling in-between
• the age of possibilities

Question 3

markers of becoming an adult

Answer 3

• holding a full-time job
• economic independence
• taking responsibility for oneself

Question 4

• top-dog phenomenon
• movement to a larger school structure
• increased focus on achievement and assessment

Answer 4

the transition from high school to college

Question 5

peak physical performance typically occurs between ___ and ___

Answer 5

19 and 26

Question 6

muscle tone and strength usually begin to show signs of decline around the age of ___

Answer 6

30

Question 7

emerging adults have _______ the mortality rate of adolescents

Answer 7

twice

Question 8

factors involved in obesity

Answer 8

• hereditary
• environmental factors
• dieting

Question 9

sustained exercise that stimulates heart and lung activity

Answer 9

aerobic exercise

Question 10

pattern of behavior characterized by an overwhelming involvement with using a drug and a preoccupation with securing its supply

Answer 10

addiction

Question 11

binge drinking increases in _______

Answer 11

college

Question 12

disorder that involves long-term, repeated, uncontrolled, compulsive, and excessive use of alcoholic beverages; impairs the drinker’s health and social relationships

Answer 12

alcoholism

Question 13

all of the following are key features identified by Jeffrey Arnett to characterize emerging adulthood, EXCEPT:

A. being self-focused
B. identity exploration
C. stability
D. feeling “in-between”

Answer 13

C. stability

Question 14

patterns of heterosexual behavior in emerging adulthood

Answer 14

men have more casual sexual partners while women report being more selective

Question 15

approximately ___% of individuals have experienced sexual intercourse by the end of emerging adulthood

Answer 15

60%

Question 16

_______ sex is more common in emerging adulthood

Answer 16

casual sex

Question 17

emerging adulthood is a timeframe during which most individuals are ____________ and ____________

Answer 17

sexually active and unmarried

Question 18

___________ couples have sex more often than ___________ couples

Answer 18

married (and cohabiting) / non-cohabiting

Question 19

a continuum from exclusive male-female relations to exclusive same-sex relations

Answer 19

sexual orientation

Question 20

most likely a combination of genetic, hormonal, cognitive, and environmental factors

Answer 20

sexual orientation

Question 21

__________ have fewer sexual partners and less permissive attitudes about casual sex than __________

Answer 21

lesbians / gay men

Question 22

• commonly called the “drip” or “clap”
• spread by contact between infected moist membranes of two individuals
• discharge from genitals and painful urination
• can lead to infertility

Answer 22

gonorrhea

Question 23

• the appearance of a sore
• later, a skin rash breaks out on palms of hands and bottom of feet
• if not treated, can eventually lead to paralysis or even death

Answer 23

syphilis

Question 24

• spreads by sexual contact and infects the genital organs of both sexes
• women with this STI can become infertile

Answer 24

chlamydia

Question 25

- caused by a family of viruses with different strains - an eruption of sores and blisters - spread by sexual contact

Answer 25

genital herpes

Question 26

- caused by a virus (HIV) which destroys the body's immune system - semen and blood are the main vehicles of transmission - common symptoms include fevers, night sweats, weight loss, chronic fatigue, and swollen nymph nodes - has no cure

Answer 26

AIDS

Question 27

- caused by HPV, which does not always produce symptoms - usually appear as small, hard painless bumps in the vaginal area or around the anus - very contagious - certain high-risk types of this virus can cause cervical cancer and other genital cancers

Answer 27

genital warts

Question 28

- aggression enhances their sense of power - angry at women in general - want to hurt and humiliate their victims

Answer 28

characteristics of male rapists

Question 29

coercive sexual activity directed at someone with whom the perpetrator is at least casually acquainted

Answer 29

date or acquaintance rape

Question 30

manifestation of power of one person over another

Answer 30

sexual harassment

Question 31

- adolescents and adults think qualitatively in the same way - individuals consolidate their formal operational thinking during their adulthood

Answer 31

Piaget's view (cognitive stages)

Question 32

a recent analysis by Finkelstein and others predicted that __% of U.S. adults will be obese by 2030

Answer 32

42%

Question 33

what is the final stage of cognitive development according to Piaget?

Answer 33

formal operational stage

Question 34

in the United States, the most widely recognized marker of entry into adulthood is

Answer 34

holding a permanent, full-time job

Question 35

- reflective, relativistic, and contextual - provisional - realistic - recognized as being influenced by emotion

Answer 35

post-formal thought

Question 36

impressive array of creative accomplishments occur in ____________

Answer 36

late adulthood

Question 37

during this timeframe, individuals often seek to establish their emerging career in a particular field

Answer 37

from mid-twenties on

Question 38

only __% of 12 to 22-year-olds had a clear vision of where they want to go in life

Answer 38

20%

Question 39

students focus only on __________

Answer 39

short-term goals

Question 40

paid apprenticeships in a field one is interested in pursuing

Answer 40

cooperative (co-op) programs

Question 41

produces stress and is related to physical problems, mental problems, marital difficulties, and homicide

Answer 41

unemployment

Question 42

face special challenges in balancing between work and family life

Answer 42

dual-earner couples