ASU Chapter 18: Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Question 1

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS:
Hardware of the mind, reflecting the neurophysical architecture of the brain.

Answer 1

Cognitive Mechanics

Question 2

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS:
Culture-based software programs of the mind that include reading and writing skills, language comprehension, professional skill and types of knowledge that help to master/cope with life.

Answer 2

Cognitive Pragmatics

Question 3

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS:
A type of attention wherein one focuses on a specific aspect of experience that is relevant while ignoring others.

Answer 3

Selective Attention

Question 4

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS:
A type of attention wherein one concentrates on more than one activity at the same time.

Answer 4

Divided Attention

Question 5

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS:
A type of attention wherein there is a focused and extended engagement with an aspect of the environment.

Answer 5

Sustained Attention

Question 6

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS:
A type of attention wherein it involves aspects of thinkingg that include planning actions, allocating attention to goals, detecting and compensating for errors, monitoring progress on tasks, and dealing with novel or difficult circumstances.

Answer 6

Executive Attention

Question 7

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS:
A type of memory characterized by facts and experiences that individuals consciously know and can state, declining as a person ages.

Answer 7

Explicit Memory

Question 8

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS:
A type of memory characterized by a retention of information about the where and when of life’s happenings.

Answer 8

Episodic Memory

Question 9

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS:
A type of memory characterized by a person’s knowledge about the world.

Answer 9

Semantic Memory

Question 10

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS:
A type of memory characterized by an unconscious recollection of skills and routine procedures that are automatically performed. It is less likely to be adversely affected by aging.

Answer 10

Implicit Memory

Question 11

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS:
A type of memory attributing to one’s ability to remember where one learned something.

Answer 11

Source Memory

Question 12

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS:
The 2 cognitive resource mechanisms that decline as a person ages are…?

Answer 12

• Working memory
• Perceptual speed

Question 13

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS:
A type of memory wherein one is remembering to do something in the future.

Answer 13

Prospective Memory

Question 14

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS:
TRUE or FALSE: Decision making is preserved rather well in older adults.

Answer 14

TRUE

Question 15

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS:
Expert knowledge about the practical aspects of life that permits excellent judgement about important matters.

Answer 15

Wisdom

Question 16

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS:
________-_____ factors are better predictors of wisdom than cognitive factors.

Answer 16

Personality-related Factors

Question 17

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS:
When is the main age window for wisdom to emerge?

Answer 17

Late Adolescence to Early Adulthood

Question 18

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS:
A health decline best described as slow and steady.

Answer 18

Terminal Decline

Question 19

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS:
This kind of exercise reduces cognitive decline and lowers the likelihood of developing Alzheimer’s Disease.

Answer 19

Mental Exercise

Question 20

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS:
A scientific discipline that studies links between the brain and cognitive functioning.

Answer 20

Cognitive Neuroscience

Question 21

WORK AND RETIREMENT:
TRUE or FALSE: Less adults are rejecting work, opting to retire early instead.

Answer 21

FALSE, an increasing number of adults are beginning to reject the early retirement option.

Question 22

WORK AND RETIREMENT:
__% of those in their 60s and __% of those in their 70s are still working.

Answer 22

33% | 11%

Question 23

MENTAL HEALTH:
A mood disorder in which the individual is deeply unhappy, demoralized, slf-derogatory, and bored. It is less common among older adults than younger adults.

Answer 23

Major Depression

Question 24

MENTAL HEALTH:
A neurological disorder in which primary syptoms involve a deterioration of mental functioning.

Answer 24

Dementia

Question 25

**MENTAL HEALTH:** __% of women and __% of men 85 years and older are at risk for developing Dementia.

Answer 25

23% | 17%

Question 26

**MENTAL HEALTH:** A **gradual deterioration of memory**, reasoning, language, and eventually, physical function.

Answer 26

Alzheimer’s Disease

Question 27

**MENTAL HEALTH:** Between men and women, who is more likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease because they live longer than the other?

Answer 27

Women

Question 28

**MENTAL HEALTH:** Alzheimer’s involves a deficiency in the brain, particularly of a messenger chemical named…?

Answer 28

Acetylcholine

Question 29

**MENTAL HEALTH:** This represents a transitional state between the cognitive changes of normal aging and very early disease.

Answer 29

Mild Cognitive Impairment (**MCI**)

Question 30

**MENTAL HEALTH:** What is the meaning of **MCI**?

Answer 30

Mild Cognitive Impairment

Question 31

**MENTAL HEALTH:** These inhibitors (along with other drugs) slow the downward progression of Alzheimer’s disease.

Answer 31

Cholinesterase Inhibitors

Question 32

**MENTAL HEALTH:** Services that provide temporary relieffor those **who are caring for** individuals with disabilities, illnesses, or the eldery.

Answer 32

Respite Care

Question 33

**MENTAL HEALTH:** A chronic, progressive disease characterized by muscle tremors, slowing of the movement, partial facial paralysis.

Answer 33

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 34

**MENTAL HEALTH:** **TRUE or FALSE:** Parkinson’s Disease is **treatable**.

Answer 34

**TRUE**

Question 35

**MENTAL HEALTH:** Its said that psychologists prefer to work with **YAVIS**es over **QUOID**s. What do both of those terms mean?

Answer 35

- **Y**oung, **A**ttractive, **V**erbal, **I**ntelligent and **S**uccessful - **Q**uiet, **U**gly, **O**ld, **I**ndigent and **D**ismilar

Question 36

**MENTAL HEALTH:** **TRUE or FALSE:** Older adults have **higher** leves of life satisfaction, self-esteem and optimism.

Answer 36

**TRUE**