AT SGT Theory of Design

Question 1

What are the 4 parts the make up SAA?

Answer 1

Cartridge case
Ignition system
Propellant charge
Projectile

Question 2

What is small arms ammuniition?

Answer 2

Ammunition for weapons such as pistols, rifles and machine guns below 20mm.

Question 3

What are the 4 factors considered in the design of SAA cartridges?

Answer 3

Role of the ammunition
Type of weapon
Projectile design
Ignition system

Question 4

The 6 Methods of attaching a projectile to the cart case?

Answer 4

Press fit
Canneluring
Indenting
Stabbing
Coning
Crimping

Question 5

What are the 4 cartridge case bases?

Answer 5

Rimmed
Rimless
Semi-rimmless
Belted cartridge case

Question 6

What are the 3 ignition systems used in SAA?

Answer 6

Berdan - anvil Integral to case
Boxer - anvil separate to case
Rimfire

Question 7

What are 4 methods of securing percussion primers?

Answer 7

Push fit
Ringing
Punch stabbing
Burring

Question 8

What are the 2 types of SAA projectiles?

Answer 8

Solid and filled

Question 9

What 4 permanent markings are commonly on SAA?

Answer 9

Manufacturers symbol
Year of manufacture
Calibre
Model number

Question 10

A cartridge case for SAA must do 4 things?

Answer 10

Sufficiently elastic to expand to provide obturation
Contract to allow extraction
Resist corrosion
Strong enough to withstand transport and handling

Question 11

What is a grenade?

Answer 11

A small explosive store designed to be projected by hand or a personal weapon. Special discharger or launchers may be used.

Question 12

What are the 3 categories of grenade?

Answer 12

Hand thrown
Projected - Rifle or gun
Discharger - Weapon / Vehicle launcher

Question 13

List 8 types of grenades?

Answer 13

HE anti Personnel
HEAT / Dual purpose
Smoke
Chemical / Irritant
Stun - Flash or Noise
Incendiary
Practice
Illuminating

Question 14

What are the 5 components of a typical grenade?

Answer 14

Body
Filling
Fragmentation
Fuze cavity
Fuze

Question 15

What are the difference between offensive and defencive grenades?

Answer 15

Offensive - Use blast to disorientate and stun
Defensive - Use Fragmentation to create a lethal zone

Question 16

What 3 effects does reducing the firing pressure have on projected grenades?

Answer 16

Reduced recoil, muzzle velocity and range

Question 17

Free fire rockets have 2 main components and one other required item?

Answer 17

Rocket Motor
Warhead
Launcher

Question 18

What are the 2 types of propellants in FFRs?

Answer 18

Solid
Liquid

Question 19

What is the normal type of nozzle for a FFR and it’s purpose?

Answer 19

The De Laval nozzle is a convergent-divergent type. It converts heat and pressure into kinetic energy.

Question 20

What is the common warhead for shoulder fired rockets?

Answer 20

HEAT/shaped charge warheads

Question 21

List 7 types of warheads are used on FFRs?

Answer 21

Nuclear
HE
Chemical (smoke)
Preformed fragments
Sub munitions
Terminally guided munitions
Practice munitions

Question 22

What are the 3 factors that affect rocket accuracy?

Answer 22

Surface cross winds
Propellant burning rate
Launcher induced errors

Question 23

What are 4 characteristics of free flight rocket motors?

Answer 23

Only use boost motors
Motor casing strong enough to withstand heat and pressure
Usually made of steel, some glass reinforced plastics
De Laval nozzle normally used - convergent-divergent

Question 24

What are the 3 advantages of recoilless weapons?

Answer 24

No recoil
Low weight
Man portable

Question 25

What are the 3 disadvantages of recoilless weapons?

Answer 25

Dust / Flash signature (BBDA) Low velocity Large propelling charge

Question 26

What is the principle behind recoilless weapon operation?

Answer 26

To propel the projectile forward an equal force must be sent backwards so there is no recoil.

Question 27

What is the BBDA on an 84mm?

Answer 27

60m to the rear, 820mils ESB (either side of the bore)

Question 28

List the 9 84mm full munitions?

Answer 28

HE 441B SMK 469B HEDP 502 ASM 509 ILLUM 545C HEAT 551 Practice TPT 65 Practice TPT 141 Practice TP 552

Question 29

What are the 3 rates of fire of the M777A2?

Answer 29

Maximum 4rpm for 2 mins Sustained 2rpm After 30mins 1rpm or dictated by ETWD (electronic thermal warning device)

Question 30

What is the effect of the 155mm HE M107 projectile?

Answer 30

Blast and fragmentation

Question 31

What guidance system is used on the 155mm XM982 Excalibur projectile?

Answer 31

GPS

Question 32

How many WP impregnated felt wedges are in the M825A1 WP 155mm projectile?

Answer 32

116

Question 33

What is the overall body colour and markings on HE projectiles?

Answer 33

Olive drab with yellow markings

Question 34

What are the 7 types of mortar fire?

Answer 34

Preparation Covering Defensive Harassment Counter battery Smoke Illuminating

Question 35

What are the 4 characteristics of a mortar?

Answer 35

Smooth bore no recoil mechanisum Restricted to elevations over 800mils Muzzle loaded

Question 36

List the 5 ammunition types for 81mm mortars

Answer 36

HE - M889, M821 Illum - M853, M9769 Illum IR - M816 Smoke RP - M819 Prac - M879

Question 37

What are the 3 methods of mine neutralisation?

Answer 37

Self-neutralisation Self destruct Remote Control

Question 38

What are the 5 components of a mine?

Answer 38

Warhead Sensor and fuze Safety and arming unit Power source Case

Question 39

What are 3 categories of anti personnel mines?

Answer 39

Pressure activated / direct contact Omnidirectional fragmentation Directional fragmentation

Question 40

What are the 3 mine laying methods?

Answer 40

Hand Mechanical Scatterable

Question 41

What are the 4 countermeasures to mines?

Answer 41

Hand breaching Mechanical Explosive breaching Electromagnetic breaching

Question 42

What are the 3 main mechanical mine breaching methods?

Answer 42

Rollers Ploughs Flails

Question 43

What are the 4 common components of the 120mm smooth bore gun cartridge case?

Answer 43

Primer Combustible cartridge case Cartridge base and sealing assembly Propellant

Question 44

What are the 2 fuze settings on the M830A1 HEAT round?

Answer 44

A - proximity G - impact

Question 45

What is left after firing the Abrams CCC ammunition?

Answer 45

Steel base case and primer tube