Atomic structure

Question 1

What is the atomic mass unit

Answer 1

Daltons

Question 2

What is an isotope?

Answer 2

Same element with a different quantity of neutrons

Question 3

How do you calculate the relative atomic mass?

Answer 3

Weighted average
Ram = percentage/100 x weight + percentage/100 x weigh….

Question 4

How many electrons fit in the different shells?

Answer 4

First shell: 2 electrons
Other shells: 8 electrons

Question 5

What are ions?

Answer 5

Atoms with charge

Question 6

What is negative ion called?

Answer 6

Anion

Question 7

What is positive ion called?

Answer 7

Cation

Question 8

What are electron configurations

Answer 8

Tells us where electrons are found

Question 9

What are shells noted by & how many electrons are found in shell 1- 4?

Answer 9

n
n1: 2 electrons
n2: 8 electrons
n3: 18 electrons
n4: 32 electrons

Question 10

What do shells contain?

Answer 10

Subshells

Question 11

What are the 4 types of subshells?

Answer 11

S,p,d,f

Question 12

What do subshells contain?

Answer 12

Orbitals

Question 13

How many orbitals do each of the subshells contain?

Answer 13

s: 1 orbital
p: 3 orbitals
d: 5 orbitals
f: 7 orbitals

Question 14

What do orbitals contain?

Answer 14

2 electrons of opposite spin

Question 15

Which is filled first, 3d or 4s?

Answer 15

4s

Question 16

What is hunds rule? & when is it used for?

Answer 16

Orbitals are filled singly before being doubly occupied, orbital diagrams

Question 17

Definition of atom

Answer 17

Smallest unit of matter able to undergo chemical reactions

Question 18

What are atoms made up of?

Answer 18

Electrons, protons & neutrons

Question 19

What 3 quantum numbers are every orbital described by?

Answer 19

n, l, ml

Question 20

What 4 quantum numbers are electrons described by?

Answer 20

n, l, ml, ms

Question 21

Which is the principle quantum number?

Answer 21

n

Question 22

What can n be? (Quantum numbers)

Answer 22

Integer value (1, 2, 3..)
Not 0, decimal, negative

Question 23

What does the principal quantum number n represent?

Answer 23

The energy level (the electron shell)

Question 24

What does a larger n mean?

Answer 24

Further from the nucleus

Question 25

Which is the azimuthal / angular momentum quantum number?

Answer 25

l

Question 26

What can the azimuthal / angular momentum quantum number be?

Answer 26

Integer from 0 to n -1 (0,1,2… n-1)

Question 27

If the quantum number is 3 was are the possible values for azimuthal / angular momentum quantum number?

Answer 27

0, 1 or 2

Question 28

What does the azimuthal / angular momentum quantum number describe & tell us?

Answer 28

The shape of the orbital, the subshell

Question 29

Which subshell is l=0?

Answer 29

S subshell

Question 30

Which subshell is l= 1?

Answer 30

P subshell

Question 31

Which subshell is l= 2?

Answer 31

D subshell

Question 32

Which subshell is l= 3?

Answer 32

F subshell

Question 33

Which is the magnetic quantum number?

Answer 33

ml

Question 34

What numbers can the magnetic quantum number be?

Answer 34

Integer value from -l to l

Question 35

What does the number of possible magnetic quantum numbers tell us?

Answer 35

Number of orbitals

Question 36

Which is the spin quantum number?

Answer 36

ms

Question 37

What are the 2 possible spin quantum numbers?

Answer 37

1/2 or - 1/2

Question 38

Can the electrons in an orbital have the same spin?

Answer 38

No

Question 39

What does the Pauli exclusion principe state?

Answer 39

No 2 electors in an atom can have identical values for all 4 of their quantum numbers

Question 40

What shape does sulphur dioxide have?

Answer 40

Bent

Question 41

What is necessary for a compound to be aromatic?

Answer 41

It has to contain delocalized pi electrons Must be cyclic Has planar structure All actors in the ring must have a p-orbital that participates in a delocalized pi election system

Question 42

What does proust's law state about chemical compounds?

Answer 42

That the ratio between the masses of the elements that compose it is constant & defined

Question 43

What does the Pauli exclusion principal State about 2 different electrons in an atom?

Answer 43

The can not have identical values for all 4 quantum numbers