ATP Flashcards
What’re the components of ATP
- Adenine
- Ribose
- 3 phosphate groups
What is adenine in ATP
nitrogenous base
What is ribose in ATP
5 carbon sugar
Is ATP small or large
Small molecule
What does ATP do
primary energy source of cells
What is ATP used for
power most energy-requiring cellular reactions
What is ATP called and why
nucleotide derivative as it’s a modified form of a nucleotide
What’s the equation for the hydrolysis of ATP
ATP + H2O —> ADP + Pi (+energy)
What does the enzyme ATP hydrolase catalyse
Hydrolysis of ATP to adenosine diphosphate and an inorganic phosphate group
What does the enzyme ATP hydrolase use when reacting
Water molecule making it a hydrolysis reaction
When is energy released in ATP
During the hydrolysis reaction
What’s an example of energy coupling using ATP
the transmembrane sodium-potassium pump
What is energy needed for in energy coupling with the pump
drives Na+ out of the cell and K+ into the cell
What can the inorganic phosphate released in ATP hydrolysis be used to do
Used to phosphorylate other compounds
What affect does phosphorylation have on compounds
makes the compounds more reactive
What’s the equation for the resynthesis of ATP
ADP + Pi (+energy) —> ATP + H2O
How is ATP resynthesised
By the condensation of ADP and an inorganic phosphate
What is ATP resynthesis catalysed by
the enzyme ATP synthesis during photosynthesis or respiration
What’re the 3 types of activity cells require energy for
- Synthesis
- transport
- movement
Which bond is broken to produce energy when breaking down ATP
weak bond in the last phosphate group in ATP
What happens when ATP is hydrolysed
forms ADP
What makes ATP a bad long term energy store
instability of the phosphate groups
How does cellular respiration occur
reattaching a phosphate group to an ADP molecule (phosphorylation)
Does ATP resynthesis occur quickly or not
Resynthesis occurs fast
