Atrial Fibrillation Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is atrial fibrillation (AF)?
A rhythm in which the atria no longer contract but fibrillate or quiver, with no organized contraction.
What causes atrial fibrillation?
Many different cells in the atria depolarize independently, rather than in response to an SA node impulse.
What is a hallmark appearance of AF on an ECG strip?
Irregularly irregular appearance with usually no visible P wave and no PRI to measure.
How does the AV node behave in atrial fibrillation?
It is bombarded with impulses from the fibrillating atria, allowing impulses to pass randomly to the ventricles.
What is the typical measurement of the QRS complex in AF?
0.11 seconds (110 milliseconds) or less.
Who is most commonly affected by atrial fibrillation?
Older adult patients.
What is one of the main hazards associated with AF?
Blood within the fibrillating atria tends to clot, which may lead to emboli that block circulation elsewhere in the body.
What risk does atrial fibrillation increase?
The risk of stroke.
What medications are commonly prescribed for older adult patients with AF?
Anticoagulant medications such as warfarin (Coumadin), beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, or digoxin.
What is considered an irregular tachycardia in AF?
AF accompanied by a rapid ventricular response.
What may be used to treat stable but symptomatic AF with rapid ventricular response?
A beta-blocker or calcium channel blocker.
Is prehospital treatment of AF common in stable patients?
No, it is uncommon due to the risk of a thromboembolic event.
What treatment may be necessary for an unstable patient with AF?
Synchronized cardioversion.
