Attachment Development

Question 1

Cupboard Love Theory/Dependency Theory

Answer 1

• Infants get attached to caregivers as they provide food
• WRONG

Question 2

Konrad Lorenz - IMPRINTING

Answer 2

• Ducks followed him (first large moving object they saw) rather than their mother
• Beyond Dependency Theory

Question 3

Harry Harlow

Answer 3

• Isolated monkeys spent more time clinging to the soft cloth surrogate, not the feeding wire surrogate.
• Defy Dependency Theory

Question 4

Attachment Theory - John Bowlby

Answer 4

• babies love mothers for security, not just for satisfying physical needs.

Question 5

Mary Ainsworth (Bowlby’s student)

Answer 5

Added SECURITY and EXPLORATION:
- In danger, security is dominant → baby seeks caregiver.
- When safe, exploration dominates → baby plays and learns.

Question 6

Strange Situation Test (Mary)

Answer 6

• To see if a baby uses mother as a secure base

Question 7

Mary Ainsworth - 3 main attachment patterns

Answer 7

B: Secure attachment (60% of infants in Western cultures)
A: Anxious Avoidant Attachment (20%)
C - Anxious Ambivalent Attachment (20%)

Question 8

B (TYPICAL) - Secure Attachment (about 60% of infants in Western cultures)

Answer 8

• babies explore toys confidently
• Wary of strangers
• When mother returns, close contact
• Use mother as secure base
• Timed schedules, face-to-face contact, etc

Question 9

A - Anxious Avoidant Attachment (20%)

Answer 9

• Babies normal throughout
• Not distressed by strangers
• Avoid closeness, stoic
• Baby in general probs gets low engagement with fam

Question 10

C - Anxious Ambivalent Attachment (about 20% of infants)

Answer 10

• Babies very clingy
• Very upset when mother leaves
• Little exploration
• Approach and avoidance mixed
• Inconsistent caregiving (sometimes infant-centred, sometimes not), so they’re clingy

Question 11

Global patterns - Mary ainsworth

Answer 11

Europe (mostly A compared to US)
Japan (Mostly C, almost none A)