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UOP > ATTR 213 Annette final > Flashcards

ATTR 213 Annette final Flashcards

1
Q

main mechanisms for C/S injury

A

compression / axial loading

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2
Q

what does flexion mechanism hurt for C/S

A

anterior vertebral body

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3
Q

what does extension mechanism hurt for C/S

A

posterior vertebral body, disk, facets

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4
Q

what does lateral bending mechanism hurt for C/S

A

nerve roots, vertebral bodies, disks, facet joints

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5
Q

what does rotation mechanism hurt for C/S

A

disc injury, ligament/ facet joint sprain, facet or vertebral dislocation

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6
Q

NATA policy statement for things to look out for when clearing

A

unconsciousness, neurological findings or complaints, significant C/S pain with or without palpation, deformities

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7
Q

cervical fracture

A

etiology: axial loading

Pathology: hyperextension or whiplash

signs and symptoms: neck point tenderness, spasm, restricted ROM, pain in neck and chest, numbness and weakness in trunk and/or limbs

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8
Q

cervical dislocation

A

etiology: axial loading

Pathology: violent flexion and rotation

signs and symptoms: pain, numbness, weakness, paralysis

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9
Q

cervical strains

A

etiology: sudden turn of head, forced flexion, extension or rotation

Pathology: upper traps, scm, scalenes, etc.

signs and symptoms: localized pain, point tenderness, restricted rom, muscle guarding, apprehension

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10
Q

cervical sprains

A

etiology: more violent but same MOI as strains

Pathology: compromising ligaments and muscles

signs and symptoms: same as strains, s/s last longer, tender transverse processes, etc.

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11
Q

torticolis

A

etiology: synovial membrane of joint gets impinged by facet, tight scm muscles

Pathology: pain on one side of neck when waking up, common in babies

signs and symptoms: point tenderness and muscle spasms, restricted ROM

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12
Q

cervical spine stenosis

A

etiology: narrowing of spinal canal, axial loading

Pathology: congenital, change in vertebrae, hyperextension/flexion

signs and symptoms: initial absent neck pain, burning or tingling, motor weakness in limbs

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13
Q

brachial plexus neuropraxia “burner”

A

etiology: stretching of brachial plexus

Pathology: result of stretching or compression of brachial plexus

signs and symptoms: pain and numbness into arm/ fingers, symptoms last for several minutes, arm dangling/ limping to the side,

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14
Q

cervical disc herniation

A

etiology: axial loading

Pathology: extruded posterolateral disk frag., sustained repetitive cervical loading during contact sports

signs and symptoms: neck pain, restricted ROM, radicular pain such as weakness or sensory changes

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15
Q

cervical compression test

A

postive: pain in c/s with vertical compression

implications: compression of facet joints, narrowing of the intervertebral foreman resulting in pain

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16
Q

spurling test

A

postive: pain in c/s with vertical compression with lateral flexion

implications: nerve root impingement

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17
Q

shoulder abduction test

A

postive: decrease in pain when pt. puts hand on top of head (shoulder abduction)

implications: herniated disc or nerve root compression

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18
Q

valsalva test

A

positive: increased spinal or radicular pain while pt. “bears down”

implications: increase in pressure = increase in pain

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19
Q

cervical distraction

A

postive: relief of pain when c/s is distracted force

implications: compression of facet joints and/or narrowing of canal

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20
Q

brachial plexus traction

A

postive: reproduction of pain when brachial plexus is stretched

implications: brachial plexus neuropraxia, stretching or compression of brachial plexus

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21
Q

erb’s point or tines sign of c/c test

A

postive: increased pain or radicular symptoms when prac. taps on transverse process of c6

implications: brachial plexus lesion

22
Q

vertebral artery test

A

postive: dizziness, confusion, nystagmus, unilateral pupil changes, etc. when prac. lays pt. head back off the table

implications: occlusion of cervical vertebral arteries

23
Q

name for nearsightedness

A

myopia

24
Q

name for farsidedness

A

hypermetropia or hyperopia

25
Q

what red flags warrant a refferal to an ophthalmologist

A

burred vision, pressure when blowing nose, loss of all or partial of visual field, throbbing or penetrating pain around eye, etc.

26
Q

limits a patients inability to answer yes or no with nodding indicates injury to what cervical bone

A

c1- atlas

27
Q

what spinal levels get bigger to handle load

A

c3-c7

28
Q

which ribs are susceptible to injury and why

A

ribs 11 & 12 (floating ribs) bc they dont articulate with facet joints

29
Q

Degenerative cervical disc disease is commonly secondary to what cervical structure

A

posterior thinning of annulus pulposis (neck and lumbar most common)

30
Q

what types of mechanisms of injury can MVA’s cause

A

whiplash or extension, lateral bending, compression/ stretching, rotation

31
Q

spearheading in football can cause what type of injury

A

axial loading

32
Q

according to NATA statement position statement what must be cleared for c/s

A

deformity, level of consciousness, pain with or without palpation, neurological symptoms

33
Q

what postural alignment are we obeserving for

A

forward head, kyphosis, lordosis, flat back, scoliosis, swayback

34
Q

what is etiology of cervical strain

A

whiplash (sudden turn of the head, forced flexion, extension, rotation

35
Q

a pt. presents in lateral neck flexion with rotation

A

torticollis or wryneck

36
Q

name for the eyeball

A

eye globe

37
Q

thin mucous membrane that covers the anterior eye and lines the eyelids

A

conjunctiva

38
Q

chart that tests visual acuity

A

snellen eye chart

39
Q

HCP that would treat eye conditions

A

ophthalmologist

40
Q

medical term for seeing double

A

diplopia

41
Q

medical term for unequal pupils

A

anisocoria

42
Q

when blood pulls in the anterior inferior eye

A

hyphema

43
Q

name for black eye

A

orbital hematoma

44
Q

caused from shearing forces on the ear

A

auricular hematoma or cauliflower ear

45
Q

medical term for swimmers ear

A

otitis externa

46
Q

what meets at the nasal cartilage

A

nasal septum or nasal bone

47
Q

what provides the blood supply to the nose

A

kiesslbach’s plexus

48
Q

which nasal condition is considered a medical emergency

A

deviated septum

49
Q

what structure is located under the tongue

A

lingual frenulum

50
Q

2nd most common facial fracture

A

mandibular fracture

51
Q

medical term for mid-face fracture

A

LeFort fracture

52
Q

tooth has partial withdrawn from bone

A

extruded

UOP (23 decks)

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