spine muscles

Question 1

splenius capitis

Answer 1

Origin: spinous processes of vertebrae T3-6
insertion: mastoid process
action: extension and lateral flexion of the neck, ipsilateral rotation of the head

Question 2

splenius cervicis

Answer 2

Origin: spinous processes of the vertebrae T3-6
insertion: mastoid process
action: extension and lateral flexion of neck and spine, ipsilateral rotation of the head

Question 3

semispinalis capitis

Answer 3

Origin: transverse processes of vertebrae t6-12
insertion: spinous processes of vertebrae C6-T4
action: extension of the spine

Question 4

semispinalis cervices

Answer 4

Origin: transverse processes of vertebrae t6-12
insertion: spinous processes of vertebrae C6-T4
action: extension of the spine

Question 5

semispinalis thoracis

Answer 5

origin: transverse processes of vertebrae T7-12
Insertion: spinous processes of vertebrae C6-T4
Action: extension of the spine

Question 6

spinalis

Answer 6

origin: spinous processes of vertebrae T11-L2
Insertion: spinous processes of the upper thoracic vertebrae by 4-8 tendons
Action: extension and lateral flexion of the spine

Question 7

longissimus

Answer 7

origin: all posterior surfaces of transverse and accessory processes of lumbar vertebrae and lumbodorsal fascia
Insertion: tips of transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae and processes of lower 9-10 ribs between tubercles and angles
Action: extension and lateral flexion of the spine

Question 8

ilicostalis

Answer 8

origin: iliac crest and lateral portion of the common erector spinae tendon
Insertion: inferior borders of the angles of the lower 6-7 ribs
Action: extension and lateral flexion of the spine

Question 9

multifidus

Answer 9

origin: sacrum, PSIS, mammilary processes of the lumbar vertebrae, transverse processes of the thoracic vertebrae and articular processes of vertebrae C4-7

Insertion: sinus process of the vertebrae 2-4 above the origin

Action: stabilization of vertebrae in local movements of the vertebral column, rotation of the thoracic spine, extension of the neck and spine, contralateral rotation of the head

Question 10

rotatores

Answer 10

origin: tranverse processes of each thoracic vertebrae

Insertion: spinous process of the vertebrae above each origin

Action: rotation of the thoracic spine, extension of the spine, contralateral rotation of the head

Question 11

interspinales

Answer 11

origin: spinous process of each vertebrae

Insertion: spinous process of the vertebrae above each origin

Action: extension of the spine, inters-inhales cervicis assist in the extension of the neck

Question 12

intertransversarii

Answer 12

origin: transverse process of a vertebra

Insertion: adjacent vertebrae above each origin

Action: lateral flexion of the spine, assist in lateral flexion of the neck

Question 13

quadratus lumborum

Answer 13

origin: attach to fibers from iliolumbar ligament and adjacent portion of the iliac crest

Insertion: lower border of the last rib for about half of its length and the transverse process of L1-4

Action: depresses 12th rib, unilaterally raises pelvis, assists with lumbar spine lateral flexion and acts as a major stabilizer of lumbar spine