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ANAT-A 215 Exam 3 > Autonomic Nervous System > Flashcards

Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Somatic Nervous System

A

Innervates skeletal muscle and receives sensory information from senses

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2
Q

Somatic Nervous System Components

A

CNS and PNS Components

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3
Q

Autonomic Nervous System

A

Innervates the viscera (organs). Functions without you telling them to.

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4
Q

Autonomic Nervous System Description

A

Influences smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands of skin and viscera
CNS and PNS Components
Most cranial and spinal nerve contain both somatic and autonomic axons

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5
Q

Hierarchy of the A.N.S. Component

A

Hypothalamus

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6
Q

Hierarchy of the A.N.S.

A

Oversees ALL ANS activity
“Middle Management” are the autonomic nervous centers in the brainstem
The “Ordinary Workers” are the preganglionic and postganglionic neurons

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7
Q

Somatic Motor (CNS or PNS)

A

CNS

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8
Q

Somatic Motor

A

Uses two neurons to go from spinal cord to skeletal muscle

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9
Q

Autonomic Motor

A

It uses three neurons to go from the spinal cord to the target tissue

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10
Q

Autonomic Motor - 1st Neuron is Preganglionic Neuron

A

Cell body located i CNS (Brain or Spinal Cord)

The axon will synapse with the postganglionic neuron

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11
Q

Autonomic Motor - 2nd Neuron is a Postganglionic (Ganglionic) Neuron

A

Cell body located in an autonomic ganglion

This axon will connect to the target tissue (effector)

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12
Q

Why does the autonomic nervous system use two neurons in a chain to an organ?

A

(Preganglionic (Chicago to Indy) vs Postgang (Chicago to Miami)). ANS has limited number of resource neurons, by using two resource chain, information is able to congregate and separate efficiently.

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13
Q

Divisons of the ANS

A

Sympathetic Division

Parasympathetic Divison

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14
Q

Sympathetic Division

A

Originates in lateral horns of T1-L2 regions of Spinal cord
“Emergency” situations; SD in charge of this
“Fight of Flight” Response
“Mass Activation” Effect

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15
Q

Parasympathetic Division

A

Some cranial nerves and parts of the sacral region of the spinal cord
Maintains a homeostatic environment (Bring body back to normal)
“Rest and Digest” Response
Parasympathetic activity is usually discrete and localized

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16
Q

Parasympathetic Divisions - Location and Characteristics

A

Cranial Components are part of CN III, VII, IX, and X
Sacral Components from S2-S4 segments of the spinal cord
Pelvic Splanchnic Nerves –> Carry Parasympathetic

17
Q

Parasympathetic Divisions - Pathway for Axons

A

Cell bodies of preganglionic motor neurons located in parts of certain cranial nerves, or in the sacral part of the spinal cord
Preganglionic axons synapse in postganglionic which are located close to or on the organ being innervated
Parasympatthetic Postganglionic Axons travel from the terminal ganglia to the target organ

18
Q

Sympathetic Division (1)

A

Cell bodies of preganglionic motor neurons in lateral horns of T1-L2 segments of spinal cord
*The preganglionic axons exit to spinal nerve, and then go into the

19
Q

Sympathetic Division - White Ramus

A

Runs from spinal nerve to sympathetic trunk

20
Q

Sympathetic Division - Sympathetic Trunk

A

Long chains of axons on either side of vertebral column
Sympathetic trunk (paravertebral) ganglia
*Only Entrance

21
Q

Sympathetic Division - Gray Rami

A

Runs from sympathetic trunk TO a spinal nerve
Sympathetic posthanglionic axons
*Exits Posteriorly

22
Q

Sympathetic Division - Splanchnic Nerves

A

Preganglionic axons that do not synapse in the sympathetic trunk ganglia

  • From trunk to other side
  • Exits Anterorilly
23
Q

Sympathetic Division - Prevertebral Ganglia

A

Splanchnic nerves synapse here

Located in front of the vertebral column

24
Q

Sympathetic Division - Sympathetic Postganglionic Axons

A

Travel directly to target organ

25
Q

Pathways for preganglionic sympathetic axons (1)

A

All preganglionic axons enter the sympathetic trunk via the white ramus
*anterior roots à spinal nerve à white rami à sympathetic trunk ganglia

26
Q

Pathways for preganglionic sympathetic axons (2)

A

some synapse in the sympathetic trunk and leave through the gray rami to spinal nerves (Skin)

27
Q

Pathways for preganglionic sympathetic axons (3)

A

some synapse in the sympathetic trunk and leave anteriorly to go to thoracic organs (Heart and Lungs)

28
Q

Pathways for preganglionic sympathetic axons (4)

A

some preganglionic axons leave sympathetic trunk as splanchnic nerves, go to prevertebral ganglia to synapse (Abdominal Organs)

29
Q

How does the parotid gland know when to secrete salvia?

A

Rest and Digest, CN IX

30
Q

How about other salivary glands?

A

CN VII, has to be autonomic

31
Q

Where does CN X take parasympathetic information to?

A

Down to the rest of the body

ANAT-A 215 Exam 3 (16 decks)

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