Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy > Axial Division (CH. 6) > Flashcards

Axial Division (CH. 6) Flashcards

(53 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Number of bones

A

206 in body
80 in axial
126 in appendicular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Axial skeletal system bone numbers

A

80 in total
- 29 in skull
- 25 in thoracic cage
- 26 in vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Functions of the axial skeleton

A
  1. support and protective framework
    - supports and protects organs in body cavities
  2. Houses and protects special sensory organs
    - taste, smell, hearing, balance, vision
  3. Provide extensive muscle attachments sites
    - vertebral column and ribs (head/neck/trunk posture)
    - thoracic cage (respiration movements)
    - stabilizes the appendicular skeleton
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Skull

A

divided into 2 major sections:
Cranial division (neurocranium)
- 8 bones
Facial division (viscerocranium)
- 14 bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Orbital complex

A

7 Bones:
Zygomatic bone, Maxillary bone, Frontal bone, Lacrimal bone, Sphenoid, Ethmoid, Palatine bone (medial wall).

Optical canal, Superior orbital fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Superior orbital fissure

A

INNERVATED BY CN III, IV, VI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Optic canal

A

INNERVATED BY CN II: special sensory nerve
Artery: ophthalmic artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sphenoid

A

Floor of cranium
- connects all cranium bones
- Sella turcica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sella turcica

A

Part of Sphenoid where pituitary gland sits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Temporal bones

A

Only articulation with the mandible (temporomandibular joint - TMJ)
Protects sensory organs in internal ears

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Mandible

A

Lower jaw
- TMJ – head of mandible articulates with the mandibular fossa on temporal bone
- Coronoid prosses and Condylar process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Paranasal Sinuses

A

Air-filled chambers that open to the nasal cavity
- contained within the nasal complex
- Frontal sinus, Ethmoidal sinus, Sphenoindal sinus, Maxillary sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cranial Fossae

A

Anterior cranial fossa
Middle cranial fossa
Posterior cranial fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Anterior cranial fossa

A
  • frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid (lesser wings)
  • cradles frontal lobe
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Middle cranial fossa

A

Sphenoid, temporal, parietal bones
- cradles frontal lobe, diencephalon, mesencephalon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Posterior cranial fossa

A

Occipital bone, frontal, parietal bones
- occipital lobes, cerebellum, posterior brain stem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Infant skull features

A
  • 4 major fontanelle areas:
    • anterior fontanelle (baby’s soft spot)
    • sphenoidal fontanelle
    • mastoidal fontanelle
    • posterior fontanelle
  • membranous areas where sutures will form
  • allow for distortions of the skull during childbirth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Sutures of the skull

A

Suture: dense fibrous connective tissue
Lambdoid, sagittal, coronal, squamous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Lambdoid suture

A

between occipital bone and 2 parietal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Sagittal suture

A

between 2 parietal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Coronal suture

A

Between frontal bone and 2 parietal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Squamous suture

Study These Flashcards
A

Between temporal and parietal bone

23
Q

Bones of the cranium

Study These Flashcards
A

Occipital, frontal, parietal, temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid

24
Q

Bones of the face

Study These Flashcards
A

Maxillae, Palatine, Nasal, Lacrimal, Zygomatic, Mandible, Vomer

25
Maxillae
Largest bone in the face - maxillary sinuses - largest sinuses - articulates with all facial bones except mandible
26
Palatine bones
2 small bones making up part of the roof of the mouth - posterior to the palatine process in the maxilla - articulates with: maxillae, sphenoid, ethmoid, and inferior nasal concha
27
Nasal bones
articulate with the frontal bone
28
Zygomatic bones
Articulate the zygomatic process in the temporal bone -- form zygomatic arch - zygomaticofacial foramen
29
Lacrimal bones
Medial portion of the orbit of the eye - lacrimal groove leads to the nasolacrimal canal
30
Vomer
Forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum
30
Vertebral Column Bones
26 bones: 24 vertebrae - 7 cervical vertebrae - 12 thoracic vertebrae - 5 lumbar vertebrae 1 sacrum (5 fused vertebrae) 1 coccyx (3-5 fused vertebrae)
31
Vertebral Anatomy
1. Vertebral body 2. Pedicle 3. Transverse Process 4. Articular process 5. Vertebral foramen
32
Vertebral Body
Anterior structure Separated by adjacent vertebral bodies via intervertebral disc
33
Pedicle
Connect the vertebral arch to the body
34
Articular process
Joint surfaces: Superior articular process Inferior articular process (2 on either side of the spinous process)
35
Vertebral foramen
- formed by the vertebral/neural arch - spinal cord and meninges
36
Vertebral canal
Formed by adjacent vertebral foramen
37
Zygapophysial Joints
Adjacent vertebrae articulate at their superior and inferior articular processes - allow flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and rotation
38
Intervertebral Joints
Intervertebral discs are pads of fibrous cartilage between adjacent vertebral bodies - symphysis joints - Anulus fibrosus - inner - Nucleus pulposus - outer
39
Cervical Vertebrae
- support weight of the head, provide flexibility - bifid except for C7 - c7 has a long spinous process (vertebral prominens - Transverse foramina - C1, C2, C7 are atypical
40
Atlas
C1 - articulates with occipital condyles of the skull - allow yes nodding - NO BODY - largest vertebral foramen
41
Axis
C2 - has a dens - transverse ligament connects dens to the atlas - allow head to nod no
42
Antlanto-occipital Joint
1 of 2 atlas/axis joints - synovial joint between occipital condyles and C1 - flexion of head
43
Atlanto-axial Joint
synovial joint between atlas and axis - allow head to turn side to side
44
Thoracic vertebrae
12 - rib articulation points - joint surfaces: costovertebral joints - heart shaped body - most spinous process point inferiorly
45
Lumbar vertebrae
5 - Large vertebral bodies and oval shaped - support weight of torso
46
Sacrum
- 5 fused vertebrae - protects reproductive, digestive, and excretory organs - attaches pelvis girdle of the appendicular skeleton
47
Coccyx
3-5 fused vertebrae - adult male = points anteriorly - adult female = points inferiorly
48
Thoracic cage
2 functions: - protects heart, lungs, thymus, and other structures - attachment site for muscles involved in respiration, positioning the vertebral column, movements of the pectoral girdle Composed of: the ribs, costal cartilages, sternum
49
Sternum
Flat bone Manubrium -> jugular notch Body Xiphoid process
50
Ribs
12 pairs - vertebrosternal rib- ribs 1-7 - vertebrochondral ribs- Ribs 8-10 - Vertebral ribs - Ribs 11-12 - each rib articulates with a thoracic vertebra
51
Vertebrosternal ribs
1-7 - connects to the sternum via costal cartilages -> "true ribs"
52
Vertebral ribs
11-12 - floating ribs - "false ribs' - no anterior cartilage

Anatomy (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions