Axial Musculature

Question 1

Frontalis

Answer 1

Origin- Epicranial aponeurosis
Insertion- Skin of forehead
Action:Furrow Brow

Question 2

Occipitalis

Answer 2

Origin- Superior Nuchal line of occipital
Insertion- Epicranial aponeurosis
Action- Unfurrow brow

Question 3

Orbicularis oculi

Answer 3

Origin-Medial orbital margin
Insertion-Eyelids
Action-Close eyelids

Question 4

Orbicularis oris

Answer 4

Origin-Surrounding lips
Insertion-lips at corner of the mouth
Action-Close lips

Question 5

Depressor anguli oris

Answer 5

Origin-Body of mandible
Insertion-Lips at the corner of the mouth
Action-Frowning

Question 6

Depressor labii inferioris

Answer 6

Origin-Body of mandible
Insertion-Lower lip
Action-Depress lip

Question 7

Levator labii superioris

Answer 7

Origin-Maxilla (infraorbital margin)
Insertion- Upper lip
Action-elevates upper lip

Question 8

Zygomaticus major

Answer 8

Origin-Temporal process of the zygomatic bone
Insertion-Lips at corner of mouth
Action-Smiling

Question 9

Zygomaticus minor

Answer 9

Origin-Zygomatic bone (medial to major)
Insertion- Lips at corner of mouth
Action-Smiling

Question 10

Buccinator

Answer 10

Origin-Maxilla and Mandible
Insertion-Orbicularis oris
Action-compress cheeks

Question 11

Inferior rectus

Answer 11

Origin-Sphenoid bone around optic canal
Insertion-Inferior, medial surface of the eyeball
Action-Eye looks down

Question 12

Medial rectus

Answer 12

Origin-sphenoid bone around optic canal
Insertion-Medial surface of eyeball
Action- eye rotates medially

Question 13

Superior rectus

Answer 13

Origin-sphenoid bone around optic canal
Insertion-Superior surface of eyeball
Action-Eye looks up

Question 14

Lateral rectus

Answer 14

Origin-sphenoid bone around optic canal
Insertion-lateral surface of eyeball
Action-Eye rotates laterally

Question 15

Inferior oblique

Answer 15

Origin-maxillary bone at anterior portion of orbit
Insertion-Inferior, lateral surface of eyeball
Action-Eye rolls, looks up and to the side

Question 16

Superior oblique

Answer 16

Origin-Sphenoid bone around optic canal
Insertion-Superior, lateral surface of eyeball
Action-Eye rolls, looks down and to the side

Question 17

Masseter

Answer 17

Origin-Zygomatic arch
Insertion-Ramus of mandible
Action-Elevate mandible, close jaw, chew

Question 18

Temporalis

Answer 18

Origin-Temporal line
Insertion-Coronoid process of mandible
Action-Elevate mandible

Question 19

Lateral pterygoid

Answer 19

Origin-pterygoid process of sphenoid bone
Insertion-Mandible
Action-Depress mandible

Question 20

Medial pterygoid

Answer 20

Origin-pterygoid process of sphenoid bone
Insertion-Mandible
Action-Elevate mandible

Question 21

Genioglossus

Answer 21

Origin-Body of mandible
Insertion-Tongue
Action- Protract tongue

Question 22

Hyoglossus

Answer 22

Origin-Hyoid
Insertion-Tongue
Action- Depress tongue

Question 23

Styloglossus

Answer 23

Origin-Styloid process of temporal
Insertion-Tongue
Action-Retract tongue

Question 24

Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 24

Origin-Calvicular head:Sternal end of clavicle/Sternal head:Manubrium
Insertion-Mastoid process
Action Rotate or flex head and neck

Question 25

Omohyoid

Answer 25

Origin-Superior of scapula and clavicle Insertion-Hyoid Action-Depress hyoid and larynx

Question 26

Digastric

Answer 26

Origin-Inferior belly:Body of mandible/Superior belly:Mastoid process Insertion-Hyoid Action-Depress mandible, elevate hyoid

Question 27

Sternohyoid

Answer 27

Origin-Manubrium Insertion-Hyoid Action-Depress hyoid and larynx

Question 28

Sternothyroid

Answer 28

Origin-Manubrium Insertion-Thyroid cartilage of larynx Action-Depress hyoid and larynx

Question 29

Stylohyoid

Answer 29

Origin-Styloid process of temporal Insertion-Hyoid Action-Elevate hyoid and larynx

Question 30

Splenius capitis

Answer 30

Origin-cervical and thoracic spinous process Insertion-Mastoid process of temporal, nuchal lines of occipital Action-Extend neck

Question 31

Scalenes

Answer 31

Origin-Cervical transverse process Insertion-Ribs 1 & 2 Action- elevate ribs

Question 32

Diaphragm

Answer 32

Origin-Xyphoid, ribs, and lumbar vertebrae Insertion-Central tendon at the inferior boundary of the thoracic cavity Action- Expand thoracic cavity

Question 33

External intercostals

Answer 33

Origin-Inferior border of ribs Insertion-Superior border of ribs Action-Elevate ribs

Question 34

Internal intercostals

Answer 34

Origin-Superior border of ribs Insertion-Inferior border of ribs Action-Depress ribs

Question 35

Rectus abdominus

Answer 35

Origin-pubic symphysis Insertion-Xiphoid and costal cartilages Action-Flex vertebral column (sit up)

Question 36

External abdominal oblique

Answer 36

Origin-Ribs 5-12 Insertion-Iliac crest and linea alba Action-Flex, rotate vertebral column

Question 37

Internal abdominal oblique

Answer 37

Origin-Iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia Insertion-Costal cartilages and linea alba Action-Flex, rotate vertebral column

Question 38

Transversus abdominis

Answer 38

Origin-Ribs 7-12, iliac crest, thoracic and lumbar spinous process Insertion-Linea alba and pubis Action-compress abdomen