Axilla & Brachial Plexus

Question 1

Boundaries of Axilla

Answer 1

Anterior - pec major and minor
Posterior: scapula latissimus doris , teres major
Medial: ribs 1-4 and intercostal spaces
Base: skin and fascia of arm
Apex : convergence of clavicle scapula and rib 1

Question 2

Contents of axilla

Answer 2

1. axilla artery
2. axilla vein
3. Lymphatics
4. Brachial plexus

Question 3

axilla artery orginates from?

Answer 3

Aorta –> (brachiocephalic trunk on the right side) –> subclavian artery –> AXILLARY ARTERY

Question 4

beginning and end of axillary artery

Answer 4

begins at lateral aspect of the first rib and ends at the inferior border of the teres major

Question 5

at the inferior border of the teres major the axillary artery is continous with what?

Answer 5

BRACHIAL ARTERY

Question 6

Part 1 of axillary

location and branches

Answer 6

between the lateral border of the 1st rib and the medial border of the pec minor
SUPERIOR THORACIC ARTERY

Question 7

part 2 of axillary artery

Answer 7

lies posterior to the pec minor
THORACOACROMIAL TRUNK
LATERAL THORACIC ARTERIES

Question 8

part 3 of axillary artery

Answer 8

extends from the lateral border of pectoralis minor to the inferior border of the teres major
SUBSCAPULAR ARTERY
ANTERIOR HUMERAL CIRCUMFLEX
POSTERIOR HUMERAL CIRCUMFLEX

Question 9

axillary vein

Answer 9

formed at the inferior border of the teres major muscle by the union of brachial veins (accompany veins of brachial artery and the basilic vein)

Question 10

5 main groups of axillary lymph nodes

Answer 10

Pectoral, subscapular, humeral, central and apical

Question 11

pectoral nodes

Answer 11

mainly recieve lymph from the anterior thoracic wall, INCLUDING MOST OF THE BREAST

Question 12

subscapular nodes

Answer 12

receive lymph from the POSTERIOR aspect of the thoracic wall and scapular region

Question 13

humeral nodes

Answer 13

receive NEARLY ALL THE LYMPH FROM THE UPPER LIMB

Question 14

central group

Answer 14

lymph nodes is located along the 2nd part of the axillary artery and receives lymph from the pectoral, subscapular, and humeral nodes

Question 15

apical nodes

Answer 15

vessels from the central nodes pass to this and it is located ALONG THE FIRST PART OF THE AXILLARY ARTERY

Question 16

Brachial Plexus

Answer 16

formed from VENTRAL RAMI OF C5- T1
C5, 6,7,8,
Innervation of ENTIRE UPPER EXTREMITY IS DERIVED FROM THE BRACHIAL PLEXUS

results in individual nerves carrying fibers from several spinal cord levels

Question 17

posterior roots of brachial plexus?

Answer 17

Sensory - DERMATOME

Question 18

Anterior roots of brachial plexus?

Answer 18

Motor - MYOTOME

Question 19

anterior and posterior roots form what?

Answer 19

a MIXED SPINAL NERVE - each spinal nerve innervates a segment of skin (dermatome) and specific muscles (myotome)

Question 20

each SPINAL NERVE gives rise to…

Answer 20

anterior and posterior RAMI

brachial plexus from ventral rami of C%,6,7,8 and T1

Question 21

dorsal ramus

Answer 21

to deep back muscle and skin

Question 22

ventral ramus

Answer 22

to trunk and limbs - brachial plexus is formed by ventral rami of C5,6,7,8 and T1

Question 23

Branching pattern of brachial plexus

Answer 23

Randy - Roots
Travis - Trunk
Drinks- Divisions
Cold - Cords 
Beer- Branches (Terminal)

Question 24

Supraclavicular branches

Answer 24

come off ROOTS orTRUNKS 
Dorsal Scapular nerve -c5
Long thoracic nerve c5-c7
suprascapular nerve c5,c6 
nerve to subclavius c5.c6

Question 25

trunks

Answer 25

superior middle an inferior

Question 26

divisions

Answer 26

2 divisions - anterior and posterior (each with three )

Question 27

cords

Answer 27

medial lateral posterior

Question 28

Musculocutaneous, Median, Ulnar, Radial, and Axillary nerves are all..?

Answer 28

Terminal Branches

Question 29

branches off roots

Answer 29

long thoracic nerve and dorsal scapula nerve

Question 30

branch off trunk and where it comes from

Answer 30

suprascapular nerve - comes off SUPERIOR BRANCH

Question 31

nerve to subclavius u

Answer 31

from the superior trunk from c5 and c6

Question 32

infraclavicular branches

Answer 32

COME OFF THE CORDS

Question 33

cords

Answer 33

lateral medial posterior

Question 34

lateral cord gives rise to

Answer 34

lateral pectoral nerve | - innervating the pectoralis major

Question 35

medial cord gives rise to

Answer 35

medial pectoral nerve medial brachial cutaenous nerves medial antebrachial cutaneous nerves

Question 36

posterior cord gives rise to

Answer 36

upper subscapular nerve Thoracodorsal nerve lower subscapular nerve

Question 37

terminal branches off cords

Answer 37

``` still considered infraclavicular branches musculocutaneous nerve radial nerve axillary nerve median nerve ulnar nerve ```

Question 38

Musculocutaneous nerve

Answer 38

from the lateral cord and nerves C5,6,7 | innervates coracobrachialis muscles - flexors

Question 39

median nerve

Answer 39

terminal branch from the lateral and medial cord