B1 a+b - Microscopy and transport

Question 1

What is the equation including Image, actual size and magnification?

Answer 1

Image = Actual size x Magnification

Question 2

What is the name of a cell that has nucleus?

Answer 2

Eukaryotic

Question 3

What is the name of a cell without a nucleus?

Answer 3

Prokaryotic

Question 4

What does a nucleus do?

Answer 4

Contains genetic information (DNA) and controls the cell

Question 5

What does a cytoplasm do?

Answer 5

Where most of the chemical reactions happen

Question 6

What does a cell membrane do?

Answer 6

Controls what enters and leaves the cell

Question 7

What does a mitochondria do?

Answer 7

Where aerobic respiration happens

Question 8

What do ribosomes do?

Answer 8

Where proteins are made

Question 9

What does a vacuole do?

Answer 9

Contains sap and keeps the shape of the cell

Question 10

What is a cell wall made of?

Answer 10

Made of cellulose

Question 11

What do chloroplasts do?

Answer 11

Contain chlorophyll and absorb light needed for photosynthesis

Question 12

Which cell type is bigger?

Answer 12

Eukarotic

Question 13

What to bacterial (prokaryotic) cells contain?

Answer 13

Cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall and plasmid DNA in a small ring

Question 14

Which microscope has a higher resolution?

Answer 14

Electron microscopes

Question 15

What is magnification?

Answer 15

How much bigger an object appears compared to actual size

Question 16

Which microscope can ribosomes be seen under?

Answer 16

Electron microscopes

Question 17

What is resolution?

Answer 17

How well you can distinguish between objects close together

Question 18

How do you find magnification?

Answer 18

Magnification = Image size / Actual size

Question 19

Name 3 specialised cells in animals

Answer 19

Sperm, nerve, muscle, egg ect

Question 20

Name 3 specialised cells in plants

Answer 20

Root hair, xylem, phloem

Question 21

What is diffusion?

Answer 21

The movement of substances in and out of cells, across the cell membrane. Moving from a higher concentration to a lower concentration

Question 22

Give an example of diffusion

Answer 22

Oxygen and carbon dioxide in lungs
Urea into blood

Question 23

What are the factors that affect the rate of diffusion?

Answer 23

Concentration gradient, temperature, surface area of membrane

Question 24

What is osmosis?

Answer 24

The diffusion of water from a dilute solution to a concentrated one through a partially permeable membrane

Question 25

What is active transport?

Answer 25

The movement of substances from a more dilute to a more concentrated solution (against the concentration gradient). It requires energy

Question 26

Where does active transport take place?

Answer 26

Roots of plants absorb mineral ions Sugar molecules from the small intestine into the blood

Question 27

What type of organisms have the best surface area to volume ratio?

Answer 27

Unicellular organisms

Question 28

How are exchange surfaces adapted for exchange?

Answer 28

- Thin walls for short diffusion distance - Large surface area so lots of diffusion can happen - Good blood supply - Often moist