B5 - Communicable diseases Flashcards
(42 cards)
What is health?
A state of physical and mental well-being
What does communicable mean?
Can be spread from person to person and caused by pathogens
Besides disease, what factors can cause bad health?
- Bad diet
- Stress
- Disadvantaged life (no access to medicine)
What is a pathogen?
A microorganism that causes infectious disease
What are the four types of pathogen?
Bacteria, virus, fungi, protist
How do bacteria make you feel ill?
They produce toxins which damage cells
How do viruses make you feel ill?
They reproduce inside of cells then leave and damage them
How can pathogens spread?
Water, air, direct contact
How can the spread of disease be slowed?
Being hygienic, destroying vectors, isolating infectious people, vaccines
Name three viral diseases
Measles, HIV, TMV
What are the symptoms of measles?
Fever and rash
How do we prevent/treat measles?
Vaccinations
How is measles spread?
The inhalation of droplets from coughs and sneezes
What are the symptoms of HIV?
Flu-like symptoms, then immune system failure
How do we prevent/treat HIV?
Don’t share needles, using antiretroviral drugs
How is HIV spread?
Sexual contact and exchange of bodily fluids
What are the symptoms of TMV?
Mosaic like discolouration on leaves, affecting photosynthesis and growth
How can we prevent TMV?
Grow TMV resistant crops, remove infected branches
How is TMV spread?
Direct contact
Name two bacterial diseases
Salmonella and gonorrhoea
What are the symptoms of salmonella?
Fever, abdominal cramps, vomiting and diarrhoea
How do we treat/prevent salmonella?
Poultry are vaccinated against it
How is salmonella spread?
Ingesting food prepared in unhygienic conditions
What are the symptoms of gonorrhoea?
Yellow or green discharge, pain urinating
