B8 & B9 - Photosynthesis and respiration

Question 1

Which organelle makes energy from light?

Answer 1

Chloroplasts

Question 2

Photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction. What does this mean?

Answer 2

It takes in energy from the environment

Question 3

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 3

Carbon dioxide + Water —> Glucose + Oxygen

Question 4

What is the balanced symbol equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 4

6CO2 + 6H2O —> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 5

What is glucose used for? HINT: CROPS

Answer 5

Cellulose, respiration, oils and fats, proteins, starch

Question 6

What is glucose converted into for storage?

Answer 6

Starch

Question 7

Why is glucose stored as starch in plants?

Answer 7

Starch is insoluble so doesn’t affect osmosis into and out of cells

Question 8

What is cellulose used for?

Answer 8

Strengthening cell walls

Question 9

What are fats and oils used for?

Answer 9

Energy storage in seeds

Question 10

What is make when glucose and nitrates combine?

Answer 10

Amino acids —> Proteins

Question 11

What happens to plants with low nitrates?

Answer 11

Stunted growth

Question 12

What factors effect the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 12

Temperature, level of carbon dioxide, light intensity, amount of chlorophyll

Question 13

What is inverse proportion?

Answer 13

When one variable increases, the other decreases by the same rate

Question 14

What is the equation that links light intensity and the distance from the plant?

Answer 14

Light intensity = 1/distance^2

Question 15

Why do greenhouses control the factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 15

For more photosynthesis so more profit

Question 16

Respiration is an exothermic reaction. What does this mean?

Answer 16

It transfers the energy to its surroundings

Question 17

What is aerobic respiration?

Answer 17

The process of transferring energy from glucose using oxygen and it occurs continuously

Question 18

What is the word equation for respiration?

Answer 18

Glucose + Oxygen —> Carbon dioxide + Water

Question 19

What is the balanced symbol equation for respiration?

Answer 19

C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 20

How do organisms use energy from respiration?

Answer 20

Active transport, muscle contraction, maintaining body temperature

Question 21

Where does aerobic respiration take place?

Answer 21

Mitochondria

Question 22

What happens if you need more energy than aerobic respiration can provide?

Answer 22

Anaerobic respiration begins

Question 23

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?

Answer 23

Glucose —> Lactic acid

Question 24

What happens to lactic acid?

Answer 24

Removed from cells to the blood which takes it to the liver where it becomes glucose

Question 25

What is oxygen debt?

Answer 25

The oxygen required to remove the lactic acid from our muscles

Question 26

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants?

Answer 26

Glucose ---> Ethanol + Carbon dioxide

Question 27

What is fermentation?

Answer 27

Anaerobic respiration in yeast

Question 28

Compare aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration. (Oxygen, products and energy transferred)

Answer 28

- Anaerobic uses no oxygen - Anaerobic makes either lactic acid or ethanol and CO2, not CO2 and water - Anaerobic releases less energy

Question 29

Why is more energy needed during exercise?

Answer 29

More muscle contraction is needed

Question 30

What changes in the body occur when you exercise?

Answer 30

- Increased heart rate - Increased breathing rate - Increased breath volume - Arteries supplying muscles dilate

Question 31

What is metabolism?

Answer 31

The sum of all of the biological reactions occurring in a cell or the body

Question 32

What are some of the functions of the liver?

Answer 32

- Converting lactic acid into glucose - Detoxification of poisonous substances like alcohol - The breakdown of old red blood cells - The breakdown of excess amino acids into urea - The formation/breakdown of glycogen