Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANATOMY SEM 3 > B1 - skull: protection of the CNS 2 > Flashcards

B1 - skull: protection of the CNS 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what bones contribute to the neurocranium?

A

—> 8 : 4 unpaired and 4 paired
- temporal = paired
- parietal = paired
- occipital = unpaired
- frontal = unpaired
- ethmoid = unpaired
- sphenoid = unpaired

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

mnemonic to remember bones of neurocranium?

A

STEP OF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

identify A-F

A

A = temporal
B = parietal
C = occipital
D = frontal
E = ethmoid
F = sphenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what does the frontal bone laterally articulate with?

A

zygoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what bones contribute to the viscerocranium?

A

—> 14 bones: 6 paired and 2 unpaired
- maxilla = paired
- mandible = unpaired
- vomer = unpaired
- inferior nasal concha = paired
- lacrimal = paired
- nasal = paired
- zygomatic = paired

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

identify A-G

A

a = mandible
b = maxilla
c = vomer
d = inferior nasal concha
e = lacrimal
f = nasal
g = zygomatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

identify A-F and state whether they’re viscerocranial or neurocranial

A

A = maxilla - viscerocranial
B = palatine - viscerocranial
C = sphenoid - neurocranial
D = zygomatic - viscerocranial
E = temporal - neurocranial
F = occipital - neurocranial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

describe the frontal bone

A
  • creates a smooth curvature of the forehead
  • protects the frontal lobe of the brain
  • most anterior bone of the neurocranium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

name A-F of the frontal bone

A

A = glabella
B = supraorbital notch
C = supraciliary ridge
D = frontal eminence
E = zygomatic process of frontal bone
F = nasal process of frontal bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

describe the sphenoid bone (what is it surrounded by anteriorly, superiorly, posteriorly and laterally?)

A
  • surrounded anteriorly by the frontal bone, superiorly by the parietal bone and posteriorly, as well as laterally, by the temporal bone
  • has a central part with 3 main projections = lesser and greater wings, pterygoid process
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

identify A-F of the sphenoid bone

A

A = greater wing
B = lesser wing
C = sella turcica
D = sphenoid sinus (in body)
E = lateral pterygoid plate
F = medial pterygoid plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

describe the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone

A
  • highest part of sphenoid bone
  • forms the sphenoid ridge
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does the sphenoid ridge do?

A

separates the anterior and middle cranial fossae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

describe the ethmoid bone

A
  • consists of a horizontal and vertical plate
  • it cascades dow from the roof of the nasal cavity and separates it into 2 nasal passages
  • its appendages include the superior and middle nasal conchae
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

identify A-F of the ethmoid bone

A

A = crista galli
B = perpendicular plate
C = cribiform plate
D = superior nasal concha
E = inferior nasal concha
F = ethmoid air cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

describe the occipital bone

A
  • an unpaired bone
  • the most posterior superior bone of the neruocranium
  • creates the rounded bulb of the head at the nape of the neck and covers the cerebellum and the brainstem in a bony capsule
  • the only cranial bone to articulate with the cervical spine
17
Q

identify A-G of the occipital bone

A

A = foramen magnum
B = basiocciput
C = pharyngeal tubercle
D = occipital condyle (on each side of FM)
E = external occipital protuberance
F = superior nuchal line
G = external occipital crest

18
Q

what joins to the occipital condyles of the occipital bone?

A

the atlas vertebrae

19
Q

what passes through the foramen magnum?

A

the spinal cord + accompanying structures

20
Q

what is the basilar part of the occipital bone? what converge on it on each side?

A

= the part in front of the foramen magnum
- slopes forwards and upwards
- temporal bones converge on it on each side

21
Q

what is the squamous part of the occipital bone?

A

the part behind the foramen magnum

22
Q

identify A-G of the temporal bone

A

A = squamous part
B = zygomatic process
C = petrous part
D = mastoid process (can feel behind ear)
E = mandibular fossa
F = external acoustic/auditory meatus
G = internal acoustic/auditory meatus

23
Q

identify A-H of the mandible and what is the arrow pointing to?

A

A = coronoid process
B = angle
C = condyle/head
D = ramus
E = body
F = alveolar process
G = mylohyoid line
H = mandibular notch

arrow = mandibular foramen

24
Q

identify A-G of the maxilla

A

A = frontal process
B = zygomatic process
C = orbital surface
D = alveolar process
E = maxillary tuberosity
F = anterior nasal spine
G = inferior orbital foramen

25
Q

what separates the anterior and middle cranial fossa and the middle and posterior?

A

sphenoid ridges — anterior and middle
petrous temporal bones — middle and posterior

26
Q

in what lobes do the cranial fossa sit?

A

anterior = frontal
middle = temporal
posterior = cerebellum

27
Q

what does each cranial fossa contain?

A
  • anterior — frontal lobe
  • middle — temporal lobe and pituitary gland
  • posterior — brainstem and cerebellum
28
Q

what articulates to form the zygomatic arch?

A

temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone

29
Q

what articulates to form the temporal mandibular joint?

A

the head of the mandible with the mandibular fossa and articular eminence of the temporal bone

30
Q

what are sutures and when do they fuse completely?

A
  • a type of fibrous joint
  • unique to skull
  • immovable
  • 20yo
  • important in the context of trauma as they represent points of potential weakness
31
Q

what are fontanelles?

A

membranous gaps in neonates between the bones due to i completely fused suture joints

32
Q

what sutures are there in the skull?

A
33
Q

what is the temporal fossa and what is it enclosed by?

A

= a shallow depression on the temporal region of the skull

enclosed by:
- temporal line
- lateral orbital margin
- zygomatic arch

34
Q

what is the infratemporal fossa?

A

= an irregular space at the lateral aspect of the skull
- just inferior to the temporal fossa and deep to the ramus of the mandible

35
Q

what is the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

= an inverted pyramidal-shaped,fat-filled space located on the lateral side of the skull, between the infratemporal fossa and the nasopharynx

  • it is a major neurovascular crossroad between the orbit, the nasal cavity, the nasopharynx, the oral cavity, the infratemporal fossa and the cranial fossa
  • can act as a natural conduit for the spread of inflammatory and neoplastic diseases in the head and neck
36
Q

label this

A

ANATOMY SEM 3 (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions