B2 - cells Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is the basic unit of life?
The cell.
What is the function of the nucleus?
Controls all cell activities.
What is the function of the cell membrane?
Controls what enters and leaves the cell.
What is the function of the cell wall?
Provides support and prevents bursting.
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
Suspends the organelles and allows them to move.
What is the function of mitochondria?
The site of respiration.
What is the function of ribosomes?
Building proteins.
What is the function of the vacuole?
Storage of sugars and proteins.
What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
Transports materials between organelles.
What is the function of chloroplasts?
Photosynthesis.
What does the epidermis do?
It is the outer layer of the skin and contains keratin to make it waterproof.
What is the purpose of cell structure study?
To understand the components and functions that make up living cells.
What is the function of ciliated cells?
To move mucus in the trachea and bronchi to protect the lungs from pathogens.
What is a key structural feature of ciliated cells?
They have hair-like projections that move in a sweeping motion and are closely packed in a columnar shape.
What is the function of palisade mesophyll cells?
They are the main site of photosynthesis.
Where are palisade mesophyll cells located?
In the upper part of the leaf
What structural feature helps palisade mesophyll cells perform photosynthesis?
They contain many chloroplasts and are packed closely in a columnar shape.
What is the function of red blood cells?
To transport oxygen throughout the body.
Why do red blood cells not have a nucleus?
To create more space for haemoglobin.
What is the benefit of the red blood cell’s biconcave shape?
It increases the surface area for faster diffusion of oxygen.
What is the function of root hair cells?
To absorb water and minerals from the soil.
How does the shape of root hair cells help with absorption?
They have an elongated shape that increases surface area.
Why do root hair cells have many mitochondria?
To provide energy for active transport of solutes.
What is the function of a sperm cell?
To fertilise the egg during reproduction.
