B6 - plant nutrition Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants manufacture carbohydrates from raw materials using energy from light.
What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll transforms light energy into chemical energy for synthesizing carbohydrates.
What are the raw materials required for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide and water.
What are the products of photosynthesis?
Glucose and oxygen.
What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen (in the presence of light and chlorophyll)
What is the balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis?
6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
What is the function of palisade mesophyll cells?
They perform most of the photosynthesis and contain many chloroplasts.
Why are palisade mesophyll cells columnar and packed tightly?
To maximize light absorption.
Where are palisade mesophyll cells located?
Close to the upper surface of the leaf.
What is the function of spongy mesophyll cells?
They facilitate gas exchange through air spaces.
What is the function of stomata?
They are pores that allow gases to enter and exit the leaf.
What do guard cells do?
They open and close stomata in response to environmental changes.
What does the xylem do?
It transports water and minerals from roots to leaves.
What does the phloem do?
It transports sugars from leaves to other parts of the plant.
What are the uses of glucose in plants?
Energy and growth.
In what form is sugar transported in plants?
Sucrose.
In what form is sugar stored in plants?
Starch.
What are the three main factors affecting photosynthesis?
Light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, and temperature.
How does light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis?
Higher light intensity increases the rate, up to a maximum.
Why does the photosynthesis rate plateau with light intensity?
Because another factor becomes limiting.
How does carbon dioxide concentration affect photosynthesis?
Higher CO₂ increases the rate, up to a maximum.
Why does the photosynthesis rate plateau with CO₂ concentration?
Because another factor becomes limiting.
How does temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis?
It increases the rate up to about 45°C, then decreases as enzymes denature.
What is a limiting factor in photosynthesis?
The factor in shortest supply that limits the rate of photosynthesis.
