B5 - Stormwater Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is mitigation in the context of climate change?
Mitigation refers to reducing emissions and stabilizing greenhouse gas levels.
What is adaptation in the context of climate change?
Adaptation involves preparing for and adjusting to the effects of climate change.
How does climate change show geographical variation?
Climate change shows geographical variation in temperature and rainfall.
What is the trend of average temperature and precipitation in Sweden?
In Sweden, the average temperature and precipitation are increasing.
What is stormwater?
Stormwater (Dagvatten) is water from rain, snow, and ice melt.
What defines a cloudburst?
A cloudburst is defined as ≥ 50 mm of rain in 1 hour or ≥ 1 mm in 1 minute.
What is a 100-year rain event?
A 100-year rain event has a 1% chance of occurring yearly.
Example: In Göteborg, a 100-year rain event resulted in 100 mm of rain in 6 hours and 50 mm in 30 minutes.
What was the impact of the Copenhagen 2011 extreme rainfall event?
The Copenhagen 2011 event saw 150 mm of rain in 2 hours, causing approximately €1 billion in damage.
What was the impact of the Malmö 2014 extreme rainfall event?
The Malmö 2014 event resulted in 100 mm of rain in 6 hours, causing around 300 million SEK in damage.
What is projected for cloudburst volumes in Västra Götaland?
Cloudburst volumes in Västra Götaland are projected to increase by 10–40% under RCP8.5.
What challenges does Gothenburg face regarding stormwater?
Gothenburg faces challenges such as clay soils in low areas, flooding risks from the Göta River and coastal areas, an old combined sewer system, and increased impervious surfaces due to urbanization.
What is the annual untreated discharge via combined sewer overflow in Gothenburg?
180 million liters per year are discharged untreated via combined sewer overflow (CSO).
What are some nature-based stormwater solutions?
- stormwater ponds
- raingardens
- swales/dikes
- green roofs/facades
- permeable asphalt
- reservoirs
What key factors should be considered in stormwater management?
- volume, flow, location
- interconnected effects
- water quality (CSO risk).
What is WiCid?
WiCid – Water in City Design is a tool for flow analysis and urban design.
What does urban planning need to consider?
- social aspects (recreation, interaction)
- ecological factors (biodiversity, water quality)
- climate resilience
- economic viability (cost-effective, multi-functional).
What systems must the built environment handle for climate adaptation?
- normal rain
- extreme rain/cloudbursts
- droughts/warm periods
What should urban design and planning contribute to?
Urban design and planning should contribute to sustainability and human well-being.
What is Sweden’s National Strategy for climate adaptation?
Sweden’s National Strategy for climate adaptation is a 5-year cycle plan initiated in 2023.
What is the timeline for the municipal adaptation plan?
The municipal adaptation plan is set for 2024–2026.
What should all detailed development plans include?
All detailed development plans should include local stormwater management.
What are the three stormwater management approaches?
The three stormwater management approaches are evacuation, collection, and discharge.
What is a catchment-based approach?
A catchment-based approach manages the entire drainage basin to prevent downstream flooding by utilizing upstream storage.
How should infrastructure and urban design manage water?
Infrastructure and urban design should include roads designed to manage water, prioritize multi-functionality, and ensure access to land for water infrastructure.
