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PARASIT > babesia > Flashcards

babesia Flashcards

1
Q

phylum

A

apicomplexa

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2
Q

Transmission: man infected by bite of a tick that belong to genus Ixodes
(intermediate host); can be transmitted through blood transfusion

A

Babesia

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2
Q

Dh of babesia

A

Animals (Deer)

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2
Q

Pathogenic: babesia spp

A

Babesia microfti

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2
Q

infective stage of babesia

A

trophozoites liberated via the bite of deer tick

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3
Q

Pear-shaped

A

babesia

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4
Q

Symptoms and Pathology: symptoms resemble Malaria

A

babesia

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4
Q

members of the Class Sporozoa in the Phylum
Apicomplexa. The subclass Coccidia includes species of Toxoplasma,

A

Coccidian parasit

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4
Q

Usually in pair or tetrads (resembling “maltese cross” appearance)

A

babesia

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4
Q

Diagnostic stage of cocci:

A

: oocysts demonstrated in feces

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5
Q

Diagnostic stage: demonstration of characteristic ring forms in Giemsastained blood smears (thick and thin smear

A

babesia

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5
Q

Life cycle of cocci parasite: in variety of nucleated cells

A

Schizogony (Asexua

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5
Q

2 classifications of cocci

A

✓ Intestinal Coccidian:
Tissue Coccidian

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6
Q

Life cycle of cocci parasite: in intestinal mucosa of definitive host infective
oocyst are excreted in the feces

A

Sporogony (Sexual)

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6
Q

Oral-anal route

A

. Cryptosporidium parvum

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7
Q

Important opportunistic infection in AIDS patients

A

Cryptosporidium parvum

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7
Q

o Red spherical bodies, four sphorozoites
o Oocysts are stained red against blue background

A

C,parvum: Modified acid fast stain in feces:

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7
Q

Infective stage of cocci;

A

oocysts

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7
Q

Acute self-limiting diarrhea

A

Cryptosporidiosis

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8
Q

Causes chronic diarrhea in immunocompromised person

A

Cryptosporidiosi

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8
Q

➢ Develop in brush border of intestinal epithelial cells

A

Cryptosporidium parvum

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8
Q

Sporulated oocysts, containing 4 sporozoites each (no
sporocysts), are passed in feces

A

C.parvum

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9
Q

c.parvum diseaase

A

Disease: Cryptosporidiosis

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9
Q

➢ Causes intestinal infection: associated with watery, frothy
diarrhea with oocysts shed in fece

A

Cryptosporidiosis

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10
Q

I.belli habitat

A

Small intestines of man

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10
Q

I. belli DH

A

Human

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10
Q

Modified AFS
➢ Oocysts stain from light pink to deep red (acid-fast
variable

A

C.caye

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11
Q

− infective oocysts ingested in contaminated food and water
− outbreaks have been associated with contaminated berries

A

Cyclospora cayetanensis

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12
Q

Mode of Transmission: ingestion of sporulated oocysts in fecally
contaminated food or water

A

I.belli

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13
Q

Elongately ovoidal in shape with one end narrower than
the other

A

I.belli; immature cyst

14
Q

Contains 2 sporocyst, each containing 4 sporozoite

A

I.belli; mature csyt

14
Q

i. belli disease

A

Disease: Human Coccidiosis

15
Q

Symptoms range from mild gastrointestinal distress to severe
dysentery

A

i.belli

15
Q

Often asymptomatic and self-limitin

A

human coccidiosis

16
Q

In mild cases: mild abdominal pain and mucoid diarrhea

A

i.belli

17
Q

In severe cases: severe abdominal cramps with milky,
watery diarrhea

A

i.belli

18
Q

➢ Sporoblasts and/or sporocysts stain deep red
➢ Oocysts are ellipsoid with blunt ends

A

i.belli

19
Q

Prevalent in AIDS patients/immunocompromised persons

A

T.gondii

20
Q

Transmission:
➢ Accidental ingestion/inhalation of oocysts from cat feces
➢ Ingestion of undercooked meat or oocysts from cat feces
➢ Transplacental
➢ Organ transplant

A

T>gondii

21
Q

Habitat: intracellular obligate parasite of endothelial cells,
mononuclear leukocytes, body fluids, and tissue of the host

A

t.gondi

22
Q

Crescent appearance in tissue fluids

A

T.gondi

23
Q

fast rapid, multiplication, acute phase

A

T,gondi tachyzoites

24
Q

slow proliferation, chronic phase

A

t.gondi bradyzoite

25
Q

Pseudocysts (group of bradyzoites) are also formed

A

t.gondi

26
Q

➢ Female who first to acquire the infection during pregnancy may
transmit the infection to embryo resulting in fetal death, or
mental retardation on newborn, or blindness in later life

A

T.gondi

27
Q

T, gondi disease

A

toxoplasmosis

28
Q

Major cause of encephalitis in AIDS patients

A

toxoplasmosis

29
Q

➢ Appears after the infection and regional lymph node
invasion
➢ Parasite is blood borne to many organs where
intracellular multiplication takes place

A

Acquired toxoplasmosis:

30
Q

Major cause of congenital toxoplasmosis among the newborns:
➢ Congenital infection causes birth defects and mental
retardation

A

toxoplamsosis

31
Q

➢ Methylene blue staining of tachyzoites inhibited by prior
addition of patient serum containing antibodies of
Toxoplasma

A

o Sabin-Feldman Dye tes

32
Q

Newest group of obligate intracellular parasite

A

Microsporidia

33
Q
A
33
Q

▪ The most common microsporidia causing enteritis among patients with
AIDS

A

Enterocytozoon bieneusi (Encephalitozoon intestinalis)

33
Q
A
33
Q
A
33
Q

▪ The organism is very small measuring about 1.5 – 4 u

A

Enterocytozoon bieneusi (Encephalitozoon intestinalis)

34
Q

Method of infection:
➢ Not certain; most likely by ingestion of spore
Inhalation of spores, ocular exposure, and sexual intercourse may
also be route of transmission

A

Enterocytozoon bieneusi (Encephalitozoon intestinalis)

34
Q
A
34
Q
A
34
Q
A
34
Q

Characteristic feature: spores containing a polar tubule, used to inject
infective spore content into the host cells

A

Enterocytozoon bieneusi (Encephalitozoon intestinalis)

34
Q

➢ Similar with Cryptosporidiosis

A

Enterocytozoon bieneusi (Encephalitozoon intestinalis)

34
Q

o Usually in pair or tetrads (resembling “maltese cross” appearance)

A

B. Babesia species

34
Q

Symptoms and Pathology: symptoms resemble Malaria
o Headache and fever
o Hemolytic anemia with hemoglobinuria in immunocompetent
host

A

babesia

35
Q

Diagnostic stage: demonstration of characteristic ring forms in Giemsastained blood smears (thick and thin smear

A

babesis

35
Q

Diagnosis:
➢ Sugar floatation technique
➢ Modified acid fast stain in feces:
o Red spherical bodies, four sphorozoites
o Oocysts are stained red against blue background
o Average size: 4 – 6 um

A

Cryptosporidium parvum

36
Q

Diagnosis:
o Modified AFS
➢ Oocysts stain from light pink to deep red (acid-fast
variable)
➢ Average size: 8 – 10 um (larger than C. Parvum)

A

Cyclospora cayetanensis

37
Q

o Demonstration of oocysts in feces (transparent containing 1-2
sporoblast)
o Modified AF

A

Isospora belli

38
Q

abin-Feldman Dye test:
➢ Methylene blue staining of tachyzoites inhibited by prior
addition of patient serum containing antibodies of

A

Toxoplasma

39
Q

Diagnosis:
o Electron Microscopy – necessary to speciate
o Serological testing
o Modified Trichrome stain:

A

Enterocytozoon bieneusi (Encephalitozoon intestinalis)

40
Q

➢ Concentration must be 10x higher that traditional trichrome
stain
➢ Performed on unconcentrated specimen
➢ Spore walls stains bright pink; background stains green or
blue (depending on the couterstain)

A

Enterocytozoon bieneusi (Encephalitozoon intestinalis)

41
Q

diagnostic stage of cryptospodium spp

A

oocyst with 4 naked sporozoites

42
Q

infective stage of crpto

A

sporozoite

PARASIT (29 decks)

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