cestode Flashcards
1
Q
all cestodes are hermaphrodite except?
A
Schistosomes
2
Q
2 DIVISIONS
A
Trematodes or Flukes
Cestodes or Tapeworms
3
Q
ORDER PSEUDOPHYLLIDEAN life cycle?
A
Aquatic life cycle
4
Q
ORDER PSEUDOPHYLLIDEAN scolex?
A
Scolex: consist of 2 opposing sucking organs
5
Q
Scolex: 4 suckers
A
ORDER CYCLOPHYLLIDEAN
6
Q
Vitellaria: condensed to a mass adjacent to the ovary
A
ORDER CYCLOPHYLLIDEAN
7
Q
TYPES OF TREMATODES
A
schistosomes (blood flukes)
Tissue Flukes
8
Q
class cestoda appearance
A
Flat or ribbon like
9
Q
Microorganism begins life as a male and change
into female
A
Protandry
10
Q
how many segments in class cestoda
A
3-4,000 segments
11
Q
Having the anterior proglottids
overlapping the next exterior
one
A
Craspedote
12
Q
proglottids don’t overlap
A
Acraspedote -
13
Q
Premature detachment of
proglottids or release of
terminal gravid proglottids
A
Apolytic
14
Q
The gravid proglottids are not
shed in the strobila and the
eggs are release in another
way
A
Anapolytic
15
Q
cestodes doesnt habe what tract and system?
A
Alimentary tract and vascular system
16
Q
Food is absorbed by the
A
cuticle system
17
Q
(Having only a one reproductive organ;
a male or a female)
A
Monoecious
18
Q
(Having 2 reproductive
organ; a male and a female
A
Hermaphrodite
19
Q
is the integument of an
organism esp. the parasitic flatworms)
A
TEGUMENT
20
Q
Highly specialized microvilli covering the
entire surface of tegument of the
cestodes
A
Microtriches
21
Q
Fine hair like filament distributed all
throughout the body
A
Microtriches
22
Q
Region of growth
* Where the segments will arise
A
Neck
23
Q
- Individual segments are called
A
proglottids;
24
Q
the entire chain is
called
A
strobilla
25
The main body of the tapeworm
Strobila; ( chain of proglottids)
26
male copulatory
organ
Cirrus pouch -
27
characteristic of
Diphyllobothrium latum
* Coiled (Rosette)
28
characteristic
of hymenolepis specie
Saccular or lobulated
29
characteristics of taenia saginata and
solium
Tube, straight or branched
30
for attachment and eradication of the parasite
scolex
31
organ of attachment
scolex
32
region of growth
Neck
33
Chain of progressively developing proglottids
STROBILA
34
CORACIDIUM;ciliated (1st
stage larva)
Oncosphere larvae:
35
is where the hook or
hooklets are attached)
rostellum
36
37
ORGAN FOR ATTACHMENT OF SCOLEX: Two elongated grooves
BOTHRIA
37
ORGAN FOR ATTACHMENT OF SCOLEX; Cup-like
SUCKING DISKS
37
ORGAN FOR ATTACHMENT OF SCOLEX; Chitinous hooks
ROSTELLUM
38
Progressively matures and functions individually
Originates from posterior neck region of the organism
With completely formed sexual organs
PROGLOTTID
39
MATURE UTERUS
Coiled
Saccular or lobulated
Tube, straight or branched
40
Reticulate with ova in capsules
With lateral branches
GRAVID SEGMENT
41
egg formation
Ootype
42
Oviduct joined to ?
spermatic duct
43
- important for the nourishment of the eggs
Vitellaria
44
minute ducts leading to the testes
Vasa efferentia
45
muscular organ that opens to the vagina
Cirrus
46
Male copulatory organ
Found in hymenolepis spp and Taenia spp
CIRRUS
47
Has the flame cell or protonephridium
EXCERETORY SYSTEM
48
- one or more intermediate hosts
Heteroxenous
49
one intermediate host
Homoxenous
50
HABITAT OF CESTODES?
Ileum, jejunum, colon
51
metabolism of cestodes?
Anaerobic
52
METABOLISM
anaerobic, Absorption by
Tegument
53
host starvation and decrease vitamin ?
B
54
self and cross fertilization
Hermaphroditism-
55
REPRODUCTION - in Intermediate Host
Asexual
56
r Taenia that can last for
20-25
years
57
Ova -> Larva:
one intermediate host
58
Larva -> adult:
definitive host
59
can be found on the tissues of vertebrates
and invertebrates
Larvae-
60
TWO MAIN CLASSES OF LARVAE: SOLID
no scolex; with oncospiral hooks
Procercoid
61
TWO MAIN CLASSES OF LARVAE: SOLID; can be found in coat pads?
procercoid
62
TWO MAIN CLASSES OF LARVAE: SOLID; elongated, infective stage
plerocercoid
63
TWO MAIN CLASSES OF LARVAE: SOLID:with developing scolex & strobila
plerocercoid
64
also known as “true bladder”. Enlarged central
cavity
cysticercus-
65
slightly developed bladder and a scolex at the
apex
cysticercoid
66
Variations: VESICULAR/ BLADDER OR CYST :
several scolices
Cyst is well developed
multiple invaginated scolices
coenurus
67
Variations: VESICULAR/ BLADDER OR CYST :
with daughter cyst present
cyst is well developed
brood capsules and daughter cells
echinococcus/ hydatid cyst
68
PATHOGENECITY
Cestodes usually has a minimal intestinal irritation.
Toxic products
Vit B deficiency
69
pseudophyllidean or cyclophyllidean? Genital pore is in the center of proglottid
pseudophyllidean
70
pseudophyllidean or cyclophyllidean? Globular, clubshaped
4 muscular suckers
with or without
spines or hooks
cyclophyllidean
71
pseudophyllidean or cyclophyllidean?Almond/ spatulate
2 suctorial grooves
pseudophyllidean
72
pseudophyllidean or cyclophyllidean? genital pore margins of proglottid
cyclophyllidean
73
pseudophyllidean or cyclophyllidean? uterine pore center of segment
Pseudo
74
Largest human tapeworm (Length: 10 meters)
DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM
75
DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM can live up to?
25 years
76
Found in Great lakes, Scandinavia, W. Europe, Japan and
South America
DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM
77
Chemical that interferes with intrinsic factor and
Vitamin B12 absorption
Diphyllobothrium Anemia
78
Diagnostic stage of DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM
Embryonated egg
79
Infective stage of DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM
: Procercoid larva
80
COMMON NAME: DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM
Fish tapeworm or Broad tapeworm
81
D.l color?
Ivory white
82
bothria shape of D.l?
almond shape
83
Longest tapeworm of man
DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM
84
ovum of D.l posterior part is?
Thickened
85
color of ovum of D.l
Yellowish to yellow-brown
86
D.l: Ovum is what if found in feces
Immature
87
D.l:ovum eggs/day
100,000
88
D.l: what hatch from eggs and are ingested by crustacean
coracida
89
D.l:what arvae in body cavity of cirmcumstances
Procercoid
90
D.l:Procercoid larva released from crustacean, develops into ?
Plerocercoid larva
91
D.l: liberated from eggshell
swims feely in water
CORACIDUM
92
D.l:measures 500 µ in length
with 3 pairs of hooklets
PROCERCOID
93
D.l:Glistening, opaque white
PLEROCERCOID LARVAE/SPARGANUM
94
D.l:Unsegmented and has an invaginated anterior end
No scolex
PLEROCERCOID LARVAE/SPARGANUM
95
D.l Infective stage to man
PLEROCERCOID LARVAE/SPARGANUM
96
D.l: Reservoir hosts:
dogs and cats
97
D.l: Final Hosts
man
98
D.l 1st IH: copepods
Genus Cyclops and Diaptomus
99
D.l 2nd IH:
: fresh water fishes
o Pike, salmon, trout, white fish
100
D.l Migration of proglottids can cause
cholecystitis or cholangitis
101
mechanical obstruction or inflammation of the gal bladder
Cholecystitis
102
Obstruction of the bile duct
Cholangitis
103
Blood picture of D.l
Macrocytic normochromic anemia
104
___% have decreased vitamin B12 levels ?
40%
105
Disease of Diphyllobotrium latum? Eyes, nose, neck
Brain and abdominal viscera
Intense inflammation and eosinophilia
Ingestion of infected cyclops
SPARGANOSIS
106
Disease of Diphyllobotrium latum?
Edematous swelling of the eyelids
Intense pain
Irritation
OCULAR SPARGANOSIS
107
Disease of Diphyllobotrium latum? Macrocytic normochromic anemia
With thrombocytopenia
Mild leukopenia
A pernicious type of anemia
40% have decreased vitamin B12 levels
BOTHRIOCEPHALUS ANEMIA
108
Disease of Diphyllobotrium latum? Clinical symptoms may be mild
Systemic toxemia, abdominal discomfort, loss of weight, loss
of appetite & malnutrition
Migration of proglottids can cause cholecystitis or cholangitis
Can cause mechanical destruction
DIPHYLLOBOTHRASIS/ BROAD TAPEWORM INFECTION
109
D.l freeze at what degree and for how many hours?
-18 deg, 24 hrs
110
TAENIA SOLIUM common name
Pork tapeworm
111
T. solium Disease:
Cysticercosis
112
Taenia solium definitive host and intermediate host?
Man
113
parasite? Scolex (head) - globular with 4 suckers and armed with
rostellum (circular tow of hooks)
TAENIA SOLIUM
114
taenia.s organ of attachment
Rostellum
115
parasite that has rostellum (circular tow of hooks)
Rostellum: double crowned of hooks
TAENIA SOLIUM
116
Unsegmented narrow neck and a large body which is formed
with several hundred of proglottids
TAENIA SOLIUM
117
the entire body of taenia solium is called the
Strobila
118
Slightly smaller to the T. saginata
taenia solium
119
parasite? 2 radially striated shells
T. solium
120
how many hooklets in internal oncosphere the egg of t.solium
6 hooklets
121
ova of t.solium color
spherical brown
122
how do you differentiate egg of t.solium and t.saginata?
patient history
123
egg of parasite? Can be viable up to ____ months in the water, soil and vegetation
particularly in humid and warm environment
T.solium; 2 monthd
124
parasite? The proglottids that are closer to the scolex don’t have a
sexual organ
t.solium
125
The farther from the scolex the more sexually mature the
proglottid are.
t.solium
126
---> 50,000 fertile eggs w/c will be
accumulated by long profusely branch uterus
mature proglottids of t.solium
127
intermediate host of t.solium
pig or man
128
disease of t.solium
Taeniasis solium, cysticercosis
129
t.solium; every fer many dayshow many gravid proglottid will detach/shed from the dital end of the worm and will pass through the feces?
2-5 gravid proglottid
130
disease of t.solium; A liquid filled vesicle measuring 10-20 millimeters in diameter
with great variation in size
CYSTICERCOSIS CELLULOSAE
131
fulfill their metabolic and nutritional
needs by absorption and diffusion through the vesicular wall
Taenia and cysticerci
132
The vesicular fluid is mostly composed of water although it
also contains calcium, glycoproteins, cholinesterase as well
as coproporphyrin
CYSTICERCOSIS CELLULOSAE
133
the ones that contains the larva of t.solium
oncosphere
134
T.solium most frequently lodge in
voluntary tissue
135
t.solium larvae will complete development in how many months?
2 months
136
parasite? It is
semitransparent opalis and white and elongate oval in shape,
and it may reach a length of .6 – 1.8 cm
t.solium
137
parasite? The bladder is fluid filled and on one side it is a denser area
containing the scolex
t.solium
138
t.solium Ocular cysticercosis percent
2.5%
139
t.solium muscular involvement:percent
10%
140
t.solium Most common clinical manifestation of
neurocysticercosis and usually represents its
primary or only manifestation
epilepsy
141
is the leading cause of adults on
set epilepsy
Neurocysticercosis
142
Recently, epilepsy has been reported in around _____% of all patients with neurocysticercosis
50-70%
143
t.solium enlargement of the brain
Intermittent obstructive Hydrocephalus
144
patient with nuerocysticercosis has % possibility to develop hydrocephalus
10-30%
145
t.solium, intraocular cysticerci may be located at the?
anterior chamber which is the lens
146
t.solium sub retinal cyst is most often located at the
macula
147
Taenia saginata common name
beef tapeworm
148
earliest human parasite
t.saginata
149
Tapeworm infection have been recorded in the history
from _____ and have been recognized as the earliest
human parasite
1500 BC
150
: The differentiation between Taenia saginata and Taenia solium
happened in the late
1700
151
However, the exact life cycle of Taenia
saginata was discovered only in ____ when the cattle wa identified as
the immediate host.
1863
152
definitive host of t.saginata
human
153
human is not an intermediate host thus human cysticercosis due
to this spp does not occur.
t.saginataa
154
It takes ___weeks for the worm to mature into
adulthood into the human intestines. (only a single worn
is present at a time. However, multiple worms have been
known to inhabit the human body)
5-12 weeks
155
Pear-shaped head (scolex) with four suckers but no
hooks
T.saginata
156
T. saginata Inhabits the ____ and may live up to 25 years
upper jejunum
157
Derives nourishment from the intestinal contents and it
is devoid of hooks thus no rostellum.
T.saginata
158
t.saginata; The mature proglottid is approximately ____ in shape
and can contain matre male and female reproductive
organs.
squarw
159
The uterus has median club-shaped
t.saginata
160
The vagina is sphincter shape
T.saginata
161
Contain an embryo with 3 hooklets
T.saginata
162
Contain an embryo with 6 hooklets
T.solium
163
disease of t.saginata
TAENIASIS SAGINATA
164
disease? Disturbance in the normal functions of the digestive tract
Systemic intoxication
TAENIASIS SAGINATA
165
Most patients do not know that they are infected until a
single proglottid will actually crawl out of the anus or
individual proglottids are spotted on the surface of stool.
TAENIASIS SAGINATA
166
is diagnosed by recovering eggs or gravid
proglottids from the feces of the infected host
TAENIASIS
167
Eggs are irregularly passed out in the stool
STOOL EXAMINATION (concentration Techniques)
168
Can be used for increasing the chance of
demonstrating the eggs
FECT
169
Useful because eggs are left in the perianal
skin
Perianal Scotch Tape Method
170
METHODS OF DIFFERENTIATING TAENIA SPP:
1. Examine the proglottids in the feces
Inject dye (India ink or safranin) using gauge 26 needle
Count the uterine branches
171
armed with rostellum with 4 muscular suckers
T. solium
172
unarmed with 4 muscular suckers
T. saginata:
173
isolated from aborigines of Taiwan
Taiwan asiatica
174
Cysticercus:
o Invaginated scolex armed with hooklets
o Adult scolex: unarmed
Taiwan taenia
175
Gravid segments: 11-32 branches
Taiwan taenia
176
Taiwan taenia resembles
Taenia solium
177
Adult scolex is unarmed and it resembles saginata
Taiwan taenia
178
found in pigs, cattles, goats, wild bores and monkeys
Taiwan taenia
179
It is the most common cause of all cestode infection and is
encountered worldwide specifically in temperate areas and its
incidence is higher in children and in institutionalized groups.
Hymenolepis nana
180
common name of H.nana
Dwarf tapeworm
181
H.nana variety in rats
fraternal
182
Scolex: retractable anterior rostellum
HYMENOLEPIS NANA/ VAMPIROLEPIS NANA
183
distinguishing characteristic of H. nana
20-30 Y-shaped hooklets
184
smallest cestode
H.nana
185
H.nana Common associated disease and condition is
Hymenolepsiasis or dwarf tapeworm disease
186
Genital pores: same side
H. nana
187
Scolex: retractable anterior rostellum
H.nana
188
Larva (Cysticercoid stage):
Tailed structure
invaginated scolex
lacks a fluid filled bladder
develops in insect or human villi
H.nana
189
Eggs are oval or subspherical or smaller ranging from
40-60um x 30-50um
H.nana
190
H.nana stage where it develops in the insect of human vili
Cysticercoid stage
191
H.nana : On the inner membrane ar___ poles from which____
polar filaments would spread out between the two
membranes
2 poles; 4-8 polar filaments
192
h.nana; The oncosphere has ___hooks
6 hook
193
intermediate host of H.nana?
rice and flour beetles (Tenebrio spp)
194
Definitive host of H.nana
man, rats, mice
195
infective stage of H.nana direct life cycle
embryonated ova
196
infective stage of H.nana indirect life cycle
cysticercoid larva
197
The eggs of H. nana can be immediately infective when
passed with a stool and cannot survive for more than ____
in the external environment
10 days
198
The oncosophere will have the _____ will
penetrate the intestinal villi and develop into cysticercoid
larva
hexacanth larvae
199
H.nana reside in what portion of the small intestine
iliac portion
200
H. nana: The lifespan of adut worm is_____weeks but internal infection
will allow the infection to persist for years.
4-6 weeks
201
disease: Massive infection may follow autoreinfection
there mayb be little or no pathology that can occur
from the development of cysticercoid in the villi.
DWARF TAPEWORK INFECTION
202
h. nana: we find ____ in tissues that would usually
happen in the direct life cycle:
cysticercoid
203
life cyccle of h.nana:
o induce little or no immunity
o permitting occasional massive internal
reinfection
indirect cycle
204
life cyccle of h.nana: cellular and humoral response
direct life cycle:
205
o TREATMENT OF CHOICE for H. NANA
o It causes paralysis and death of H.nana
Praziquantel (25 mg/kg single dose)
206
It causes death to the tapeworm by interfering with the
oxidative phosphorylation
niclosamide
207
common name of H. diminuta
Rat Tapeworm (primarily a parasite of rats)
208
Human: accidental infections
HYMENOLEPIS DIMINUTA
209
parasite? scolex is club-shaped: unarmed rostellum (means no hooks) with
four suckers.
HYMENOLEPIS DIMINUTA
210
The oncosphere has 3 pairs of hooks but no polar filaments
HYMENOLEPIS DIMINUTA
211
The gravid proglottids consist of a bladder like cyst that contain little
or no fluid that emerges from select tapeworm eggs that happens
in the host
HYMENOLEPIS DIMINUTA
212
3 ovoid testes and 1 ovary
HYMENOLEPIS DIMINUTA
213
HYMENOLEPIS DIMINUTA
Genital pores:
Uterus:
Genital pores: unilateral
Uterus: sac-like with eggs
214
hooklets of H.diminuta arrangement
Fan-like arrangement
215
o Enclosed in an inner membrane
o Lacks bipolar filaments
Hexacanth larva (oncosphere) of H.diminuta
216
intermediate host of H.diminuta
(beetles, cockroaches, ratfleas)
217
Definitive hosts of H.diminuta
rat and man
218
infective stage of H.diminuta
cysticercoid larva
219
H. diminuta Mature cysticercoid: usually develops in infective beetles _____ days
following infection
20 days
220
the species from the genus _____ are actually the common
intermediate host for Hymenolepis diminuta.
Triobolium
221
Taenia’s and cysterici fulfill their metabolic and nutritional
needs by
Absorption and diffusion
222
Common name of D. caninum
Double-pored tapeworm/Dog tapeworm, flea
tapeworm, cucumber tapeworm
223
Very common parasite of dogs and cats worldwide
D. caninum
224
Normal host of D.caninum
Canines, fleas and feline
225
Human is an accidental host of this parasite
D.cani
226
intermediate host of D.cani
larval stages of the dog or cat flea, or
occasionally the Trichodectes canis or the dog louse
227
color of adult D.cani
Pale red
228
With 4 suckers and a club shaped arm rostellum
D.cani
229
1-7 rows (30-150) or 1-7 circlets of spine that resides on
the rostellum
D.cani
230
Shape of the hook of D.cani
Rose thorn shaped
231
Filled with polygonal-shaped uterine eggs pocket
Full of eggs closing an embryonic membrane
D.cani
232
MAture and gravid resembles a pumpkin seed or pumpkin seed in
shaped
D. cani
233
Segments of D. caninum and this is from a member enclosed
pocket which every pocket contains how many eggs?
5-30
234
embryo is hexacanth and contains 3 pairs of delicate hooklets
D.cani
235
disease of D.cani?
: Dipylidiasis or Dog tapeworm infection
235
Self limiting disease of what parasite?
D.cani
236
habitat of D.cani
Lumen of the small intestine of dogs
237
Prolottids are flattenend between 2 slides
D. cani
238
Egg capsules are rarely seen in feces
D.cani
239
Scolex- rhomboidal-shaped, with a club-shaped
rostellum and thorn shaped hooks
D.cani
240
mature- pumpkin seed shaped with
double set of reproductive organs
D.cani
241
gravid- filled with polygonal-shape
uterine egg pocket
D.cani
242
genus of parasitic tapeworms that has chicken, turkey, geese
and numerous other domestic and wild birds as final hosts.
RAILLIETINA
243
the broad-headed tapeworm, up to
13 cm long and 1-3 mm wide, in chicken, turkey and many
wild birds; found worldwide
Raillietina cesticillus:
244
the nodular tapeworm, up to
25 cm long and 1 -4 mm wide, in chicken, pigeon, pheasants;
found worldwide
Raillietina echinobothrida
245
up to 25 cm long and 1-4 mm wide,
in numerous domestic and wild birds; found worldwide
Raillietina tetragona
246
: up to 7 cm long and 1.5 mm wide,
mainly in pigeons; found in Europe, Near and Middle East
Raillietina bonini:
247
most significant Raillietina
RAILLIETINA GARRISONI
248
Common intestinal cestode of rodents in the Philippines
RAILLIETINA GARRISONI
249
first case of R.garri?
Thailanf in 1891
250
Scolex: minute; subglobular, has rostellum with 90-
140 hammer shaped hooks
RAILLIETINA GARRISONI
251
common genital pore that opens at one side
RAILLIETINA GARRISONI
252
Intermediate host of R.garri
: flour beetle (Tribolium confusum)
253
Diagnosis of R.garr
Proglottids and ova
254
Common name of E. granulosus
Hydatid worm, hydatid cyst, dog tapeworm
255
Smallest of all tapeworm
E. granu
256
infective stage of E.granu
Embryonated ova
257
intermediate host of E. granu
sheep, cattles, horses, humans
258
definitive host of E.granu
Dogs and other canines
259
E. granu disease
unilocular echinococcosis, hydatid disease, echinococciasis
260
Man is parasitized only by the LARVA (hydatid
cyst) of the tapeworm. The dog is the optimum
definitive host which consumes the viscera of the IH
containing the infective larval stage and thereby
becomes infected.
ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS
261
SCOLEX: Pyriform with 4 suckers and armed rostellum
(double crown of 20-36 hooklets)
ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS
262
This form is not typically seen in human but commonly found
in canine
adult E. granu
263
- uterus with its lateral invagination
resemble a loosely twisted coil. Uterus has 12-15
branches distended with around 500 eggs.
E. granu
264
LARVA: HYDATID CYST
3 Major Components:
265
LARVA: HYDATID CYST
3 Major Components: Outermost morphological contour
Germinal Layer
265
LARVA: HYDATID CYST
3 Major Components: Responsible for the uptake of essential resources
from the host
Germinal Layer
265
LARVA: HYDATID CYST
3 Major Components:Asexually buds from the blood capsule
o Protrudes from the germinal layer
o Develops into an adults
prostoscolex
266
E.granu:
Obstructive jaundice
o Fever
o eosinophilia
Liver 66%
266
LARVA: HYDATID CYST
3 Major Components:Comprises of numerous proteinaceous and nonproteinaceous materials wich are secreted from the
parasite as well as absorbed from the host
Hydatid fluid
267
LARVA: HYDATID CYST
3 Major Components:Harbors tegumental materials shed from the
protoscolex and resources derived from the
metabolic turnover of the germinal layer
Hydatid fluid
268
LARVA: HYDATID CYST
3 Major Components:Proteins are crucial at the host parasite interface for
maturation and survival of he parasites within the
host and disease progresson
269
E.granu:
Coughing with allergic symptoms
o Sputum (frothy blood mucus with a hydatid fluid)
Lungs 22%
270
o Intermittent pain
o Hematuria
o Kidney dysfunction
Kidnets 3%
271
E.granu:
Increased intracranial pressure
o Jacksonian epilepsy
BRAIN
272
Life span is inversely proportional to the temperature
ECHINOCOCCUS MULTILOCULARIS
273
E. multi aka
hydatid worm
274
E. multi MOT
Fecal-oral
275
Once worms are in the host, they reside in the small intestines
and can travel to various other organs through the lymphatic
system
ECHINOCOCCUS MULTILOCULARIS
276
most site of cysts of E. multi
Liver
277
Larval growth remains indefinitely in the proliferative stage
wherein there is an invasion of the surrounding tissues
ECHINOCOCCUS MULTILOCULARIS
278
Rostellum is located on the frontal end surface or apex of the
scolex
E. multi
279
No mouth, they absorb nutrients through their external
covering and microvilli
No anus
Scolex is attached to the strobila via a long thin neck
E. multi
280
disease of e. multi
Hydatid disease
hydatidosis
alveolar multiocular hydatid disease
281
distinct stage, a complex cysticercus that develops
from the hexacanth. They have an alveolar structure ovoid
shape and make up a spongy mass of daughter hydatids and
protoscolices
Hydatid stage of E. multi
282
encysted larvae
E.multi
283
A protoscolex is a juvenile scolex budded within a hydatid
metacestode. They are grayish-white with gelatinous contents
and liters of fluids.
E. multi
284
Organism resistant to praziquante
E. muli
285
Surgery: only definitive treatment
E. multi
286
DIagnosis of E. granu
Roentgenography
287
Diagnosis of E. multi
ELISA
Radiological studies
288
intermediate host of Raillietina garrisoni, genus
flour beetle (Tribolium confusum)
289
Taenia multiceps common name
Gid worm
290
intermediate host of taenia multiceps
herbivores
291
Definitive host of taenia multiceps
Dogs, wolves and fox
292
Infective stage of T. multiceps
Embryonated egg
293
is a juvenile scolex budded within a hydatid
metacestode. They are grayish-white with gelatinous contents
and liters of fluids.
Protoscolex of E. multi
294
replacement of cyst fluid of e. granu
2% Silver nitrate
10% formalin
295
E. Muli; ingested by definitive host
Protoscolices
