Bacitracin etc....

Question 1

What is included in the triple abx opthalmic solution?

Answer 1

Polymyxin B, Neomycin, Gramicidin

Question 2

Gramicidin: MOA bugs it covers? group of drugs in the solution combo? to tx?

Answer 2

• disrupt bacterial cell membranes - gram pos cocci and bacilli - polymixin B and neomycin - topical for superficial eye infections

Question 3

We can become resistant to TCN’s how? However, resistant strains may still be susceptible to what?

Answer 3

by decreased accumulation due to an efflux pump; Tigecycline

Question 4

What drug is included in the triple abx topical ointment?

Answer 4

Polymyxin B, Neomycin, Bacitracin

Question 5

Vancomycin: 1. MOA 2. bugs covered? 3. DOC for what? 4. given with _____ to cover enterococcal infections in b-lactam allergic pts 5. when is it given orally?

Answer 5

1. inhibits cell wall synth 2. gram pos 3. MRSA (endocarditis or sepsis due to MRSA) 4. aminoglycoside 5. abx induce overgrowth of staph or C. diff

Question 6

Daptomycin is inactived by _____

Answer 6

surfactant in the lungs

Question 7

How is doxycycline eleminated?

Answer 7

via the bile

Question 8

Which 2 TCNs can be used in a pt with renal failure?

Answer 8

Doxy and Tigecycline

Question 9

Tetracyclines are CI in which 2 groups?

Answer 9

1. pregnancy and breast feeding 2. children less then 8

Question 10

Why does vancomycin require slow IV transfusion?

Answer 10

to avoid red man syndrome: plebitis, flushing, shock due to rapid histamine release

Question 11

Bacitracin: MOA group of drugs in the ointment combo? bugs it covers?

Answer 11

• inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis - Polymyxin B, neosporin, and bacitracin - gram pos cocci and bacilli

Question 12

Other SE’s of TCN’s?

Answer 12

-phototoxicitiy - vestibular problems - superinfections (candida, Staph)

Question 13

What is tetracycline 1st line for? and what is another condition it can help treat?

Answer 13

1st line–> H. Pylori Acne

Question 14

Tigecycline is indiciated for what skin infections?

Answer 14

intra-abdominal infections caused by bacterioides

Question 15

The use of outdated TCN’s can cause what?

Answer 15

Fanconi syndrome (N/V, ployuria, polydipsia, proteinuria)

Question 16

Daptomycin: 1. MOA 2. Route? 3. bugs it treats? 4. tx of?

Answer 16

1. depolarizes membrane potential causing cell death 2. IV 3. Gram pos (strep, staph, entero, MRSA and VRSA) 4. complicated skin and soft tissue infections, bacteremia, and endocaritis

Question 17

Which tetracycline is intermediate acting?

Answer 17

Demeclocycline–> rarely used

Question 18

Polymyxin B: 1. MOA 2. bugs? 3. tx of? 4. route?

Answer 18

1. Act like a detergent and distrupts cell membranes 2. gram neg rods (pseudomonas) 3. corneal ulcers, external otitis 4. topical only due to neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity

Question 19

Tigecycline is active against what bugs?

Answer 19

MRSA, MRSE, VISA, VRSA, PCN strep. pneumon, VRE

Question 20

Which tetracycline is IV?

Answer 20

Tigecycline

Question 21

TCNs can bind to _____ and ______ and cause ______

Answer 21

teeth and bones and cause tooth discoloration and fetal bone formation

Question 22

Tigecycline is used for what?

Answer 22

• used to cover those drugs resistant to other tetracyclines

Question 23

Cycloserine: 1. MOA? 2. indication? 3. SE’s?

Answer 23

1. inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis 2. second line TB drug 3. CNS toxicity (HA, tremors, psychosis, convulsions) and neuropathy

Question 24

Which tetracyclines are considered long acting?

Answer 24

Doxy and minocycline

Question 25

Which tetracycline has the longest half life?

Answer 25

Tigecycline

Question 26

Fosfomycin: 1. used to tx? bugs?

Answer 26

1. uncomplicated UTI; safe during pregnancy (single dose) E.coli or entero

Question 27

What tetracycline is short acting?

Answer 27

tetracycline

Question 28

What is the mechanism of action of tetracyclines? Is it bacerialstatic or bacteralcidal? broad or narrow?

Answer 28

Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30 S subunit; Bacteriostatic; Broad

Question 29

TCNs should not be taken with what?

Answer 29

dairy, antaacids or anything containing calcium, mg, and al, and iron; it will decrease oral absoprtion

Question 30

Doxycycline is the DOC for what 6 infections?

Answer 30

Rocky mountain spotted fever and typhus (rickettesia) Chlamydia (l. Venereum) Urethritis (ureaplasma urealyticum Atypical PNA (mycoplasma pna) Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi) Klebsiella granulomatis

Question 31

Minocycline is useful in treating the carrier state of what and what other disease? Also used in what skin infection?

Answer 31

Neisseia meningitidis and Nocardia; Acne