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Back/Neck Flashcards

(86 cards)

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1
Q

What are the Erector Spinae Muscles?

A

Iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

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2
Q

Erector Spinal Muscles - Medial to Lateral

A

Spinalis -> Longissimus -> Iliocostalis

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3
Q

Iliocostalis Action

A

extends and laterally bends the trunk and neck, and rotates the head to the same side

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4
Q

Iliocostalis Blood Supply

A

Supplied Segmentally by deep cervical artery, posterior intercostal artery, subcostal artery, lumbar artery

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5
Q

Iliocostalis Origin

A

Iliac crest and sacrum

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5
Q

Iliocostalis Insertion

A

angles of the ribs

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5
Q

Iliocostalis Innervation

A

Dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C4-S5

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6
Q

Latissimus dorsi Action

A

extends the arm and rotates the arm medially and adducts the arm

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7
Q

Latissimus dorsi Innervation

A

Thoracodorsal nerve from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus (C6, C7, C8)

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7
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Blood Supply

A

Thoracodorsal artery

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9
Q

Latissimus dorsi Insertion

A

Floor of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

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10
Q

Latissimus dorsi Origin

A

vertebral spines from T7 to the sacrum, posterior third of the iliac crest, lower 3-4 ribs, sometimes from the inferior angle of the scapula

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11
Q

Levator Scapulae Action

A

Elevates superior border of scapula; rotates scapula laterally thereby tilting the glenoid cavity downward

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11
Q

Levator Scapulae Blood Supply

A

Dorsal Scapular artery

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12
Q

Levator Scapulae Innervation

A

Dorsal Scapular nerve (c5); upper part of muscle receives branches of C3-C4

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14
Q

Levator Scapulae Origin

A

Transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae

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15
Q

Longissimus Action

A

Extends and laterally bends the trunk, neck and head

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16
Q

Longissimus Blood Supply

A

Supplied segmentally by deep cervical artery, posterior intercostal artery, subcostal aa, lumbar aa

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17
Q

Longissimus Innervation

A

Dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-S2

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18
Q

Longissimus Insertion

A

Transverse processes at superior vertebral levels and mastoid process

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19
Q

Longissimus Origin

A

Transverse process at inferior vertebral levels

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19
Q

Muscles of the Suboccipital Triangle

A

Oblique Capitis Superior, Rectus Capitus Posterior Major, Oblique Capitis Inferior

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20
Q

Rhomboid Major Action

A

retracts, elevates and rotates the scapula which depresses the glenoid fossa

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21
Q

Rhomboid Major Blood Supply

A

Dorsal scapular artery

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22
Rhomboid Major Insertion
Medial border of scapula between the scapular spine and inferior angle
22
Rhomboid Major Innervation
Dorsal Scapular nerve (C5)
23
Rhomboid Major Origin
Spinous processes of T2 to T5 thoracic vertebrae
23
Rhomboid Minor Action
retracts, elevates and rotates the scapula which depresses the glenoid fossa
24
Rhomboid Minor Blood Supply
Dorsal Scapular artery
25
Rhomboid Minor Innervation
Dorsal Scapular never (C5)
26
Rhomboid Minor Insertion
Medial border of scapula at the level of the spine of the scapula
27
Rhomboid Minor Origin
Spinous process of C7 and T1
27
Levator Scapulae Insertion
Superior angle and upper medial border of scapula
28
Semipinalis, multifidus, and rotatores
This group of muscles provides rotational, extension and lateral bending movements between adjacent vertebrae
29
Semispinalis Action
Extends the trunk and laterally bends the trunk, rotates the trunk to opposite side
30
Semispinalis Blood Supply
supplied segmentally by deep cervical artery, posterior intercostal aa, subcostal aa and lumbar aa
31
Semispinalis Innervation
Dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-T12
32
Semispinalis Insertion
Capitis: back of skull between nuchal line; cervicis and thoracis; spinous processes C3-C7, C8 and upper four thoracic vertebrae
33
Semispinalis Origin
Transverse processes of C7-T12
34
Serratus Posterior Inferior Action
Draw the lower four ribs downward and backward
35
Serratus Posterior Inferior Blood Supply
Lowest posterior intercostal artey, subcoastal artery, first two lumbar arteries
37
Serratus Posterior Inferior Innervation
Ventral primary rami of T9, T10, T11 and T12 spinal nerves
39
Serratus Posterior Inferior Insertion
Onto the inferior border of the lower four ribs
41
Serratus Posterior Inferior Origin
Spinous processes of T11-L3
42
Serratus Posterior Superior Action
Elevate the second to fifth ribs
43
Serratus Posterior Superior Blood Supply
Posterior intercostal arteriole arteries 1-4
44
Serratus Posterior Superior Innervation
Ventral Primary rami of T1 to T4 spinal nerves
45
Serratus Posterior Superior Insertion
Onto the upper borders of the second, third, fourth and fifth ribs
46
Serratus Posterior Superior Origin
Spinous processes of C7 to T3 vertebrae
47
Spinalis Action
Extends and laterally bends trunk and neck
49
Spinalis Innervation
Dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C2-L3
51
Spinalis Insertion
spinous processes at superior vertebral levels
52
Spinalis Origin
spinous processes at inferior vertebral levels
53
Splenius capitis Action
Extends and laterally bends the neck and head, rotates the head to the same side
54
Splenius capitis Blood Supply
Supplied segmentally by deep cervical artery, posterior intercostal artery
55
Splenius capitis Innervation
Dorsal primary rami of the spinal nerves C2-C6
56
Splenius capitis Insertion
Mastoid process and lateral end of the superior nuchal line
57
Spinalis Blood Supply
Supplied segmentally by deep cervical artery, posterior intercostal artery, subcostal artery, lumbar artery
58
Splenius capitis Origin
Ligamentum nuchae and spines of C7-T6
59
Splenius cervicis Action
Extends and laterally bends the neck and head, rotates the head to the same side
60
Splenius cervicis Blood Supply
Supplied segmentally by deep cervical artery, posterior intercostal artery
61
Splenius cervicis Innervation
Dorsal primary rami of the spinal nerves C2-C6
63
Splenius cervicis Insertion
Posterior Tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C3
64
Splenius cervicis Origin
Ligamentum nuchae and spines of C7-T6
65
Superficial Back Muscles
Trapezius, Latissimus Dorsi, Levator Scapulae, Rhomboids
66
Trapezius Action
Assists SA in rotating the scapula during abduction of the humerus between 90-180 degrees.
67
Trapezius Blood Supply
Transverse cervical artery
68
Trapezius Innervation
Motor fibers from spinal part of the accessory nerve; sensory fibers from C3 - C4
69
Trapezius Insertion
Lateral third of the clavicle; medial margin of acromion; spine of the scapula
70
Trapezius Origin
Medial third of the superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T12
71
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Origin
Spinous Process of axis
72
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Insertion
Lateral Part of the inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone
73
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Innervation
Suboccipital Nerve (dorsal ramus of C1)
74
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Action
Extends the head and laterally rotates it to the same side
75
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Origin
Tubercle on the posterior arch of the atlas
76
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Insertion
Medial Part of the Inferior Nuchal line of occipital bone
77
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Innervation
Suboccipital Nerve (dorsal ramus of C1)
78
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Action
Extends the head
79
Obliquus Capitis Superior Origin
Upper surface of the transverse process of the atlas
80
Obliquus Capitis Superior Insertion
between superior and inferior nuchal line of occiput
81
Obliquus Capitis Superior Innervation
Suboccipital Nerve (Dorsal Ramus of C1)
82
Obliquus Capitis Superior Action
Extends the head and bends it laterally
83
Obliquus Capitis Inferior Origin
Apex of the spinous process of axis
84
Obliquus Capitis Inferior Insertion
Inferior dorsal part of the transverse process of the atlas
85
Obliquus Capitis Inferior Innervation
Suboccipital Nerve (Dorsal Ramus of C1)
86
Obliquus Capitis Inferior Action
Rotates the atlas and thereby turns the face to the same side

Muscles (9 decks)

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