Bacteria and Archaea

Question 1

Invariably have a nuclear material and aren’t complex membrane-bound organelles

Answer 1

Bacteria and Archaea

Question 2

The inclusions

Answer 2

Bacterial Cells

Question 3

Simple
Two-dimensional

Answer 3

Ordinary Microscope

Question 4

Three-dimensional
Rod-shaped

Answer 4

Electron Microscope

Question 5

Functions of the Bacteria

Answer 5

Reproduction
Metabolism
Nutrient Processing

Question 6

Sizes of the Bacteria

Answer 6

Average
Thiomargarita Magnifica / Largest
Smallest

Question 7

1 um

Answer 7

Average

Question 8

750 um

Answer 8

Thiomargarita Magnifica / Largest

Question 9

200-500 um

Answer 9

Smallest

Question 10

Shapes of the Bacteria

Answer 10

Coccus
Bacillus
Curved

Question 11

Spherical / Ball-shaped

Answer 11

Coccus

Question 12

Blocky / Spindle-shaped

Answer 12

Bacillus

Question 13

General

Answer 13

Curved

Question 14

Short and plumped

Answer 14

Coccobacillus

Question 15

Gently curved

Answer 15

Vibrio

Question 16

Curled or spiral-shaped cylinder

Answer 16

Spirillum

Question 17

Flexible

Answer 17

Spirochete

Question 18

Lacks on Cell Wall

Answer 18

Mycoplasmas

Question 19

Intended variation of cell shape and sizes

Answer 19

Pleomorphism

Question 20

Arrangements

Answer 20

Single
Double
Tetrads
Irregular Clusters
In Chains
Sacrina

Question 21

1 / Cocci

Answer 21

Single

Question 22

2 / Diplocci

Answer 22

Double

Question 23

4

Answer 23

Tetrads

Question 24

Small / Staphylococci or Micrococci

Answer 24

Irregular Clusters

Question 25

Big / Streptococci

Answer 25

In Chains

Question 26

8, 16, etc.

Answer 26

Sacrina

Question 27

1 / Bacci

Answer 27

Single

Question 28

2 / Diplobacci

Answer 28

Double

Question 29

Big / Streptobacci

Answer 29

In Chains

Question 30

Microbial habitats with access to food, water, atmosphere, and others

Answer 30

Biofilms

Question 31

Single-cell

Answer 31

Planktonic

Question 32

Substances attraction

Answer 32

Colonists

Question 33

Damaged heart valves Hard surfaced teeth Affinity for numerous implanted medical devices

Answer 33

Serious Medical Implications

Question 34

The outer surface

Answer 34

External Structures

Question 35

Accessory structures sprout from surface of Bacteria

Answer 35

Appendages

Question 36

Two Types of Appendages

Answer 36

Provides the needed motility Provides attachment points or channels

Question 37

Free / thorough

Answer 37

Flagellum

Question 38

Three Parts of Flagellum

Answer 38

Filament Hook Basal Body

Question 39

Helical structure composed of proteins

Answer 39

Filament

Question 40

Anchor

Answer 40

Hook

Question 41

Stacks of all firm rings

Answer 41

Basal Body

Question 42

Two Patterns of Flagellum

Answer 42

Polar Peritrichous

Question 43

Attached

Answer 43

Polar

Question 44

Dispersed

Answer 44

Peritrichous

Question 45

Four Points of Flagellum

Answer 45

Chemotaxis Run Tumbles Phototaxis

Question 46

Towards chemicals

Answer 46

Chemotaxis

Question 47

Flagellum moving counterclockwise

Answer 47

Run

Question 48

Flagellum moving clockwise

Answer 48

Tumble

Question 49

Towards light

Answer 49

Phototaxis

Question 50

Twists / flexes

Answer 50

Axial Filament

Question 51

Long, rigid, adhesive tubular structure

Answer 51

Pilus

Question 52

Small, rendered bristle-like fiber cells

Answer 52

Fimbriae

Question 53

Special connecting process

Answer 53

Pili

Question 54

Partial transfer of DNA

Answer 54

Conjugation

Question 55

Cytoplasmic extension transferring electrons

Answer 55

Nanowire

Question 56

Protein linking

Answer 56

S Layer

Question 57

Coating development

Answer 57

Glycocalyx

Question 58

Loosely attached Dehydration

Answer 58

Slime Layer

Question 59

Tightly attached Desication

Answer 59

Capsule

Question 60

Body defense

Answer 60

Phagocytes

Question 61

The layers

Answer 61

The Cell Envelope: The Boundary Layer of Bacteria

Question 62

Hans Christian Gram 1882

Answer 62

Author

Question 63

Rendered staining technique

Answer 63

Gram Stain

Question 64

Two Structural Expected Results

Answer 64

Gram-Positive Bacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria

Question 65

Provides framework Peptidoglycan

Answer 65

Cell Wall

Question 66

Selectively permeable Phospholipid Bilayer

Answer 66

Cytoplasmic Membrane

Question 67

Counterparts

Answer 67

Outer Membrane

Question 68

Cell disrupture

Answer 68

Lysis

Question 69

Thick Cell Wall Inner Cytoplasmic Membrane Many Peptidoglycan layers 20-80 nm Purple

Answer 69

Gram-Positive Cell Wall

Question 70

Thin Cell Wall Outer Membrane One Peptidoglycan layer 1-3 nm Pink

Answer 70

Gram-Negative Cell Wall

Question 71

The inner surface

Answer 71

Internal Structures

Question 72

Single circular DNA aggravating Nucleoids

Answer 72

Bacterial Chromosome

Question 73

Double circular DNA integrating Chromosomes

Answer 73

Plasmid

Question 74

Protein Synthesis

Answer 74

Ribosome

Question 75

Storage site

Answer 75

Inclusion Body

Question 76

Cell structure

Answer 76

Cytoskeleton

Question 77

Facilitates survival

Answer 77

Endospore

Question 78

Endospore formation

Answer 78

Sporulation

Question 79

Endospore resistance

Answer 79

Dipicolinic Acid

Question 80

Endospore sporulating

Answer 80

Sporangium

Question 81

Active reproduction

Answer 81

Germination

Question 82

The involvements

Answer 82

Archaeal Cells

Question 83

Environment

Answer 83

Adaptation

Question 84

Carbon Dioxide Hydrogen

Answer 84

Conversion

Question 85

Converted Methane Gas

Answer 85

Methanogens

Question 86

Methane Gas conversion

Answer 86

Methanogenesis

Question 87

Salt growth

Answer 87

Halophile

Question 88

Light presence

Answer 88

Halobacteria

Question 89

Adapting low temperature

Answer 89

Psychrophile

Question 90

High temperature adaptation

Answer 90

Hyperthermophile

Question 91

Biochemistry Genetics Molecular Traits

Answer 91

Main

Question 92

Phenotypic Traits

Answer 92

Bergey’s Manual

Question 93

Gram-Negative Thin

Answer 93

Gracilicutes

Question 94

Gram-Positive Thick

Answer 94

Firmicutes

Question 95

Lacks Cell Wall

Answer 95

Tenericutes

Question 96

Archaea

Answer 96

Mendosicutes

Question 97

+O

Answer 97

Aerobic

Question 98

-O

Answer 98

Anaerobic

Question 99

Designation

Answer 99

Subspecies / Strain / Type

Question 100

Distinction

Answer 100

Serotype