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MC_103 | Microbiology and Parasitology > Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract > Flashcards

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract Flashcards

(233 cards)

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1
Q

What happens between the microorganisms and the Gastrointestinal Tract

A

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

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2
Q

The delivery

A

The Gastrointestinal Tract, Its Defenses, and Normal Biota

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3
Q

Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Rectum
Anus

A

Eight Main Parts

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4
Q

Salivary Glands
Liver
Gall Bladder
Digestive Fluids and Enzymes

A

Four Accessory Organs

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5
Q

Digestive Tract
Enteric Tract

A

GI Tract

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6
Q

Mechanical protection

A

Mucus

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7
Q

First-Line of Defense

A

Secretory IgA

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8
Q

Food Processing

A

Peristalsis

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9
Q

Lysozyme and Lactoferin

A

Saliva

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10
Q

Extremely Low PH

A

Stomach

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11
Q

Antimicrobial

A

Bile

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12
Q

Immune cells

A

Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue / GALT

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13
Q

In GI Tract

A

Normal Biota in Gastrointestinal Tract

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14
Q

Prevotella
Treponema
Streptococcus
Actinomyces
Neisseria Veillonella
Lactobacillus Species

A

Normal Biota in Bacteria

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15
Q

Firmicutes

A

Normal Biota in Disease

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16
Q

The bounding

A

Infectious Diseases Manifesting in the Gastrointestinal Tract (Nonhelminthic)

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17
Q

Introducing Carbohydrates to Oral Cavity

A

Tooth and Gum Infection

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18
Q

Dissolution of solid tooth surface due to Bacteria

A

Dental Caries / Tooth Decay

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19
Q

Polymicrobial mixture of acid-producing Bacteria

A

Causative Agent of Dental Caries / Tooth Decay

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20
Q

Adhesion
Acid Production

A

Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Dental Caries / Tooth Decay

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21
Q

Direct Contact
60% - 90%

A

Transmission and Epidemiology of Dental Caries / Tooth Decay

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22
Q

Removal of Tooth

A

Prevention and Treatment of Dental Caries / Tooth Decay

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23
Q

Bacterial Colonization of Teeth
Gingival Damage

A

Periodontal Disease

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24
Q

Inflammation of the Teeth

A

Periodontitis

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25
Initial Stage
Gingivitis
26
Presence of Mineralized Plaque
Calculus
27
Methanobrevibacter Oralis
Causative Agent of Periodontitis
28
Induction of Inflammation Enzymatic Destruction of Tissues
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Periodontitis
29
11% / 2% / 10% - 15%
Transmission and Epidemiology of Periodontitis
30
Oral Hygiene Removal of Plaque
Prevention and Treatment of Periodontitis
31
‘Trench Mouth’
Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis and Periodontitis
32
Treponema Vincentii Prevotella Intermedia Fusobacterium
Causative Agent of Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis and Periodontitis
33
Inflammation Invasiveness
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis and Periodontitis
34
Oral Hygiene Debridement of Damaged Tissue
Prevention and Treatment of Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis and Periodontitis
35
‘Lump’ Swelling of the Jaw
Mumps
36
Mumps Virus
Causative Agent of Mumps
37
Spike-induced Synctium Formation
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Mumps
38
Droplet Contact
Transmission and Epidemiology of Mumps
39
ELISA PCR Test
Culture / Diagnosis of Mumps
40
Vaccine
Prevention and Treatment of Mumps
41
Compound sharp pain from abdomen Lesions in the Mucosa of the Stomach or uppermost portion of the Small Intestine
Gastritis and Gastric Ulcers
42
Helicobacter Pylori
Causative Agent of Gastritis and Gastric Ulcers
43
Adhesins Urease
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Gastritis and Gastric Ulcers
44
Oral-Oral Transmission Oral-Fecal Transmission 35% - 50%
Transmission and Epidemiology of Gastritis and Gastric Ulcers
45
Antigen Test Urea Breath Test
Culture / Diagnosis of Gastritis and Gastric Ulcers
46
Clarithromycin Acid Suppression
Prevention and Treatment of Gastritis and Gastric Ulcers
47
Caused by Toxins
Acute Diarrhea (With or Without Vomiting)
48
Gram-Negative Enteric Bacteria
Salmonella
49
50
Infectious Dose (ID)
50
Flagellar Antigen
H Antigen
51
Capsular Antigen
K Antigen
52
Cell Wall Antigen
O Antigen
53
Salmonella
Causative Agent of Salmonella
54
Adhesins Endotoxin
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Salmonella
55
Food Vehicle Fecal-Oral Transmission
Transmission and Epidemiology of Salmonella
56
Stool
Culture / Diagnosis of Salmonella
57
Food Hygiene and Personal Hygiene Rehydration
Prevention and Treatment of Salmonella
58
Gram-Negative, Straight Rods, Nonmotile, and Non-Endospore Forming
Shigella
59
10 - 200
Infectious Dose (ID)
60
Heat-liable Exotoxin
Shiga Toxin
61
Shigella
Causative Agent of Shigella
62
Endotoxin Enterotoxin Shiga Toxins
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Shigella
63
Fecal-Oral Transmission Direct Contact
Transmission and Epidemiology of Shigella
64
Stool Antigen Test
Culture / Diagnosis of Shigella
65
Food Hygiene and Personal Hygiene Azithromycin or Ciprofloxacin
Prevention and Treatment of Shigella
66
Food contamination
Shiga-Toxin Producing E.Coli
67
Hemolytic Anemia
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
68
Shiga-Toxin Producing E.Coli
Causative Agent of Shiga-Toxin Producing E.Coli
69
Shiga Toxins Proteins for Attachment
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Shiga-Toxin Producing E.Coli
70
Food Vehicle Fecal-Oral Transmission
Transmission and Epidemiology of Shiga-Toxin Producing E.Coli
71
Stool Antigen Test
Culture / Diagnosis of Shiga-Toxin Producing E.Coli
72
Avoiding Live Meat Antibiotics
Prevention and Treatment of Shiga-Toxin Producing E.Coli
73
Toxin compound
Other E.Coli
74
Traveler’s Diarrehea
Enterotoxigenic E.Coli / ETEC
75
Bacillary Dysentery Diarrhea
Enteroinvasive E.Coli / EIEC
76
Profuse Watery Diarrhea
Enteropathogenic E.Coli / EPEC
77
Chronic Diarrhea
Enteroaggregative E.Coli / EAEC
78
Acute Diarrhea
Diffusely Adherent E.Coli / DAEC
79
Other E.Coli
Causative Agent of Other E.Coli
80
Fecal-Oral Transmission
Transmission and Epidemiology of Other E.Coli
81
Proteins for Attachment Secretion
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Other E.Coli
82
Stool Blood
Culture / Diagnosis of Other E.Coli
83
Food Hygiene and Personal Hygiene Rehydration Antimotility Agent
Prevention and Treatment of Other E.Coli
84
Bacterial Cause
Campylobacter
85
Neuromuscular Paralysis
Guillain-Barre Syndrome
86
Campylobacter
Causative Agent of Campylobacter
87
Adhesins Exotoxin Induction of Autoimmunity
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Campylobacter
88
Food Vehicle Fecal-Oral Transmission
Transmission and Epidemiology of Campylobacter
89
Stool Dark-Field Microscope
Culture / Diagnosis of Campylobacter
90
Food Hygiene and Personal Hygiene Rehydration
Prevention and Treatment of Campylobacter
91
Gram-Positive, Endospore-Forming
Clostridiodes Difficile
92
Clostridiodes Difficile
Causative Agent of Clostridiodes Difficile
93
Cholera Toxin
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Clostridiodes Difficile
94
Food Vehicle Fecal-Oral Transmission
Transmission and Epidemiology of Clostridiodes Difficile
95
Clinical Diagnosis Microscopic Techniques Serological Detection of Antitoxin
Culture / Diagnosis of Clostridiodes Difficile
96
Water Hygiene and Food Hygiene Rehydration
Prevention and Treatment of Clostridiodes Difficile
97
Cholera
Vibrio Cholerae
98
Expression regulator
Quorum Sensing
99
Vibrio Cholerae
Causative Agent of Vibrio Cholerae
100
Cholera Toxin
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Vibrio Cholerae
101
Food Vehicle Fecal-Oral Transmission
Transmission and Epidemiology of Vibrio Cholerae
102
Clinical Diagnosis Microscopic Techniques Serological Detection of Antitoxin
Culture / Diagnosis of Vibrio Cholerae
103
Water Hygiene and Food Hygiene Rehydration
Prevention and Treatment of Vibrio Cholerae
104
Non-Cholera
Non-Cholera Cholerae
105
Non-Cholera Vibrio
Causative Agent of Non-Cholera Cholerae
106
Food Vehicle
Transmission and Epidemiology of Non-Cholera Cholerae
107
Stool Blood
Culture / Diagnosis of Non-Cholera Cholerae
108
Avoiding Raw Shellfish Doxycycline
Prevention and Treatment of Non-Cholera Cholerae
109
Intestinal protozoan
Cryptosporidium
110
Resistance to water
Chorine Treatment
111
Cryptosporidium
Causative Agent of Cryptosporidium
112
Intracellular Growth
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Cryptosporidium
113
Food Vehicle Fecal-Oral Transmission
Transmission and Epidemiology of Cryptosporidium
114
Acid-Fast Stain
Culture / Diagnosis of Cryptosporidium
115
Water Treatment Proper Food Handling
Prevention and Treatment of Cryptosporidium
116
Viral Cause
Rotavirus
117
Rotavirus
Causative Agent of Rotavirus
118
Fecal-Oral Transmission
Transmission and Epidemiology of Rotavirus
119
Rapid Antigen Test
Culture / Diagnosis of Rotavirus
120
Vaccine Rehydration
Prevention and Treatment of Rotavirus
121
Foodborne Illnesses
Norovirus
122
Norovirus
Causative Agent of Norovirus
123
Limited Immunity to Reinfection
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Norovirus
124
Indirect Contact Food Vehicle Direct Contact
Transmission and Epidemiology of Norovirus
125
Rapid Antigen Test
Culture / Diagnosis of Norovirus
126
Hygiene Rehydration
Prevention and Treatment of Norovirus
127
Caused by Exotoxins
Acute Diarrhea (With or Without Vomiting)
128
Custards, Sauces, Cream Pastries, Processed Meats, Chicken Salad, or Ham
Staphylococcus Aureus Exotoxin
129
Staphylococcus Aureus Exotoxin
Causative Agent of Staphylococcus Aureus Exotoxin
130
Heat-Stable Exotoxin
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Staphylococcus Aureus Exotoxin
131
Food Vehicle
Transmission and Epidemiology of Staphylococcus Aureus Exotoxin
132
Proper Food Handling
Prevention and Treatment of Staphylococcus Aureus Exotoxin
133
Vegetables
Bacillus Cereus Exotoxin
134
Vomiting
Emetic
135
Diarrhea
Diarrheal
136
Bacillus Cereus Exotoxin
Causative Agent of Bacillus Cereus Exotoxin
137
Heat-Stable Exotoxin Heat-labile Exotoxin
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Bacillus Cereus Exotoxin
138
Food Vehicle
Transmission and Epidemiology of Bacillus Cereus Exotoxin
139
Microscopic Analysis
Culture / Diagnosis of Bacillus Cereus Exotoxin
140
Proper Food Handling
Prevention and Treatment of Bacillus Cereus Exotoxin
141
Gram-Positive Bacteria
Clostridium Perfringens Exotoxin
142
Clostridium Perfringens Exotoxin
Causative Agent of Clostridium Perfringens Exotoxin
143
Heat-labile Exotoxin
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Clostridium Perfringens Exotoxin
144
Food Vehicle
Transmission and Epidemiology of Clostridium Perfringens Exotoxin
145
Detection of Toxins
Culture / Diagnosis of Clostridium Perfringens Exotoxin
146
Proper Food Handling
Prevention and Treatment of Clostridium Perfringens Exotoxin
147
Irritable Bowel Syndrome Ulcerative Colitis
Chronic Diarrhea
148
Emerging Protozoan Pathogen
Cyclospora Cayetanensis
149
Cyclospora Cayetanensis
Causative Agent of Cyclospora Cayetanensis
150
Invasiveness
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Cyclospora Cayetanensis
151
Fecal-Oral Transmission
Transmission and Epidemiology of Cyclospora Cayetanensis
152
Stool Examination PCR Test
Culture / Diagnosis of Cyclospora Cayetanensis
153
Washing Cooking Personal Hygiene
Prevention and Treatment of Cyclospora Cayetanensis
154
Pathogenic Flagellated Protozoan
Giardia Duodenalis
155
Giardia Duodenalis
Causative Agent of Giardia Duodenalis
156
Attachment
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Giardia Duodenalis
157
Fecal-Oral Transmission Direct Contact Indirect Contact
Transmission and Epidemiology of Giardia Duodenalis
158
Stool Examination
Culture / Diagnosis of Giardia Duodenalis
159
Water Hygiene Personal Hygiene Tinidazole and Nitazoxanide
Prevention and Treatment of Giardia Duodenalis
160
Pathogen
Entamoeba Histolytica
161
Entamoeba Histolytica
Causative Agent of Entamoeba Histolytica
162
Lytic Enzymes Induction of Apoptosis Invasiveness
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Entamoeba Histolytica
163
Fecal-Oral Transmission
Transmission and Epidemiology of Entamoeba Histolytica
164
PCR Test Stool Examination
Culture / Diagnosis of Entamoeba Histolytica
165
Water Hygiene Personal Hygiene Metronidazole and Paramomycin
Prevention and Treatment of Entamoeba Histolytica
166
Inflammation of the Liver
Hepatitis
167
Hepatocytes
Necrosis
168
Yellowish pigment
Bilirubin
169
Yellowish subjected color
Jaundice
170
Nonenveloped, single-stranded RNA enterovirus Acute
Hepatitis A
171
Hepatitis A or E Virus
Causative Agent of Hepatitis A
172
Fecal-Oral Transmission
Transmission and Epidemiology of Hepatitis A
173
IgM Serology
Culture / Diagnosis of Hepatitis A
174
Hepatitis A Vaccine Immune Globulin
Prevention and Treatment of Hepatitis A
175
Enveloped DNA virus Chronic
Hepatitis B
176
Hepatitis B Virus
Causative Agent of Hepatitis B
177
Latency
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Hepatitis B
178
Parenteral Injection Direct Contact Vertical Transmission
Transmission and Epidemiology of Hepatitis B
179
ELISA
Culture / Diagnosis of Hepatitis B
180
HBV Recombinant Vaccine Interferon, Tenofovir, or Entecavir
Prevention and Treatment of Hepatitis B
181
Liver Failure 'Silent Epidemic'
Hepatitis C
182
Hepatitis C Virus
Causative Agent of Hepatitis C
183
Parenteral Injection Vertical Transmission
Transmission and Epidemiology of Hepatitis C
184
Serology PCR Test
Culture / Diagnosis of Hepatitis C
185
Sofosbuvir Simeprevir
Prevention and Treatment of Hepatitis C
186
The compound
Infectious Diseases Manifesting in the Gastrointestinal Tract (Helminthic)
187
Mature Egg Embryonic Egg
Cycle A
188
Egg Early Larva Infective Larva Larvae enter Tissue and migrate
Cycle B
189
Definitive Host Infective Host Intermediate Host
Cycle C
190
Egg First Larval Stage Second Larval Stage Humans Animals
Cycle D
191
Infecting the intestinal tract via supposed tapeworms and roundworms
Intestinal Distress as Primary Symptom
192
Hallmark of Helminth Infection
Eosinophilia
193
Pinworm
Enterobius Vermicularis
194
Enterobius Vermicularis
Causative Agent of Enterobius Vermicularis
195
Cycle A
Transmission and Epidemiology of Enterobius Vermicularis
196
Adhesive Tape Microscopy
Culture / Diagnosis of Enterobius Vermicularis
197
Hygiene Mebendazole Piperazine
Prevention and Treatment of Enterobius Vermicularis
198
Whipworm
Trichuris Trichiura
199
Trichuris Trichiura
Causative Agent of Trichuris Trichiura
200
Burrowing Invasiveness
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Trichuris Trichiura
201
Cycle A
Transmission and Epidemiology of Trichuris Trichiura
202
Blood Count Serology
Culture / Diagnosis of Trichuris Trichiura
203
Hygiene Sanitation Mebendazole
Prevention and Treatment of Trichuris Trichiura
204
Fish Tapeworm
Diphyllobothrium Latum
205
Diphyllobothrium Latum
Causative Agent of Diphyllobothrium Latum
206
Vitamin B12 Usage
Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors of Diphyllobothrium Latum
207
Cycle C
Transmission and Epidemiology of Diphyllobothrium Latum
208
Blood Count Serology
Culture / Diagnosis of Diphyllobothrium Latum
209
Cooking Meat Praziquantel
Prevention and Treatment of Diphyllobothrium Latum
210
Human Tapeworm
Hymenolepsis
211
Hymenolepsis Nana Hymenolepsis Diminuta
Causative Agent of Hymenolepsis
212
Cycle C
Transmission and Epidemiology of Hymenolepsis
213
Hygiene Praziquantel
Prevention and Treatment of Hymenolepsis
214
Infecting the intestinal tract via the given Helminths
Intestinal Distress as Migratory Symptom
215
Intestinal Roundworm
Ascaris Lumbricoides
216
Ascaris Lumbricoides
Causative Agent of Ascaris Lumbricoides
217
Abdominal Pain Diarrhea Wheezing
Signs and Symptoms of Ascaris Lumbricoides
218
Pork Tapeworm
Cysticercosis Disease
219
Tenia Solium
Causative Agent of Cysticercosis Disease
220
Headaches Blindness Convulsions
Signs and Symptoms of Cysticercosis Disease
221
Particular affinity
Helminth Disease: Liver and Intestinal Damage
222
Chinese Liver Flukes
Opsithorichis Sinensis and Chlonorchis Sinensis
223
Opsithorichis Sinensis and Chlonorchis Sinensis
Causative Agents of Opsithorichis Sinensis and Chlonorchis Sinensis
224
Slow to develop Thickening of the lining of the Bile Duct Granuloma formation in areas of Liver
Signs and Symptoms of Opsithorichis Sinensis and Chlonorchis Sinensis
225
Liver Fluke in Sheep, Cattle, Goats, and other mammals
Fasciola Hepatica
226
Fasciola Hepatica
Causative Agent of Fasciola Hepatica
227
Vomiting Diarrhea Hepatomegaly Bile Obstruction
Signs and Symptoms of Fasciola Hepatica
228
Pork
Trichinosis
229
Trichinella
Causative Agent of Trichinosis
230
Unnoticeable to Life-Threatening
Signs and Symptoms of Trichinosis
231
Worms
Schistosomiasis
232
Itchiness Fever Chills Diarrhea Cough
Signs and Symptoms of Schistosomiasis
232
Schistosoma Mansoni S. Japonicum
Causative Agents of Schistosomiasis

MC_103 | Microbiology and Parasitology (10 decks)

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