Bacteria, Protists, And Fungi Flashcards
(34 cards)
What are protists?
Unicellular organisms with a nucleus.
How are protists similar to bacteria?
They are unicellular, microscopic, can cause disease, and can be parasites.
How are protists different from bacteria?
Protists have a nucleus, live in watery environments, and vary greatly in appearance and function.
What are the 3 categories of protists?
Animal-like, Plant-like, and Fungus-like protists.
What are animal-like protists called?
Protozoans.
What are pseudopods?
Extensions of the cell membrane and cytoplasm used for movement and food capture.
What is an example of a sarcodine?
Amoeba.
What are cilia used for in ciliates?
Movement, food gathering, and sensing the environment.
What is the function of a contractile vacuole?
To control the amount of water inside the cell.
What are sporozoans?
Parasites that feed on cells and body fluids, form spores, and often pass through vectors like mosquitoes.
What are plant-like protists also known as?
Algae.
What percentage of Earth’s oxygen is produced by plant-like protists?
0.7
What is a characteristic of euglenoids?
They are autotrophs with chloroplasts but can also be heterotrophs.
What causes red tide?
Dinoflagellates.
What are fungus-like protists?
Heterotrophs with cell walls, often reproduce with spores.
What shape is a bacillus bacterium?
Rod-shaped.
What is binary fission?
A form of asexual reproduction in bacteria.
What are pili used for?
Adherence to surfaces and conjugation.
What is the function of flagella in bacteria?
Motility.
What is the bacterial cell wall made of?
Peptidoglycan (murein).
What does the Gram stain differentiate?
Bacteria based on differences in their cell walls.
What is the function of endospores?
Survival under harsh conditions.
What is a plasmid?
An extra-chromosomal DNA molecule.
What is a glycocalyx?
A protective sugar coat; when tightly bound, it forms a capsule.
