Cardiovascular Flashcards

(30 cards)

1
Q

What does the cardiovascular system consist of?

A

Heart, blood vessels, and blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of the pericardium?

A

Covers the heart and large blood vessels attached to the heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name the four chambers of the heart.

A

Left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What separates the atria and ventricles?

A

Atrioventricular septum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the tricuspid valve do?

A

Prevents blood from flowing back into the right atrium.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the bicuspid (mitral) valve do?

A

Prevents blood from flowing back into the left atrium.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the semilunar valves?

A

Pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the flow of blood through the heart.

A

Body → right atrium → right ventricle → lungs → left atrium → left ventricle → body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the cardiac cycle?

A

One complete heartbeat including atrial and ventricular contraction and relaxation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What causes the ‘lubb’ heart sound?

A

Tricuspid and bicuspid valves snapping shut when ventricles contract.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What causes the ‘dubb’ heart sound?

A

Pulmonary and aortic valves snapping shut when atria contract.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of the SA node?

A

Generates electrical impulses; acts as the natural pacemaker.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the Purkinje fibers?

A

Fibers that cause the ventricles to contract.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are arteries?

A

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart under high pressure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What helps move blood in veins?

A

Skeletal muscle contractions and valves.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are capillaries?

A

Small blood vessels where oxygen and nutrients pass into body cells.

17
Q

What is systolic pressure?

A

Pressure in arteries when ventricles contract.

18
Q

What is diastolic pressure?

A

Pressure in arteries when ventricles relax.

19
Q

What is Starling’s Law of the Heart?

A

More blood entering stretches the ventricle, increasing contraction force.

20
Q

What is the function of baroreceptors?

A

Help regulate blood pressure by sending signals to the cardiac center.

21
Q

What is pulmonary circulation?

A

Right side of heart → lungs → left side of heart.

22
Q

What is systemic circulation?

A

Left side of heart → body → right side of heart.

23
Q

What are the components of blood?

A

Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma.

24
Q

What is the function of red blood cells?

A

Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide.

25
What do neutrophils do?
Destroy bacteria, viruses, and toxins in the blood.
26
What are platelets?
Cell fragments important in blood clotting.
27
What are the three main plasma proteins?
Albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen.
28
What is hemostasis?
The control of bleeding through vessel spasm, platelet plug, and coagulation.
29
What determines blood types?
Antigens on RBCs and antibodies in plasma.
30
What happens if Rh-negative person receives Rh-positive blood?
Antibodies form, causing agglutination on subsequent exposure.