Cardiovascular 2 Flashcards
(26 cards)
What are the three layers of blood vessel walls?
Tunica interna, tunica media, tunica externa
What is the function of arteries?
Carry blood away from the heart
What is the function of veins?
Carry blood towards the heart
What is the role of capillaries?
Exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes
What type of tissue makes up the tunica externa?
Collagenous connective tissue
What is the thickest layer in veins?
Tunica externa
What allows arteries to expand under pressure?
Internal elastic lamina
What helps veins prevent backflow?
Valves
What are arterioles and venules?
Small vessels connecting arteries and veins to capillaries
What regulates blood flow into capillaries?
Pre-capillary sphincters
What is the function of the heart’s pericardium?
Covers the heart and large blood vessels attached to it
Name the four chambers of the heart.
Right atrium, Right ventricle, Left atrium, Left ventricle
What does the tricuspid valve do?
Prevents backflow into the right atrium
What does the bicuspid (mitral) valve do?
Prevents backflow into the left atrium
Where is the sinoatrial (SA) node located?
Wall of right atrium
What is the function of the SA node?
Generates electrical impulses; natural pacemaker
What is systolic pressure?
Pressure in arteries when ventricles contract
What is diastolic pressure?
Pressure in arteries when ventricles relax
What do baroreceptors do?
Help regulate blood pressure by sending signals to the brain
What is hemostasis?
The control of bleeding
What are the three steps of hemostasis?
Blood vessel spasm, platelet plug formation, blood coagulation
What are erythrocytes?
Red blood cells that transport oxygen
What are thrombocytes?
Platelets important in blood clotting
What are leukocytes?
White blood cells that defend against infection
