Bacterial Infections of GI I

Question 1

Diarrhea

Answer 1

passage of 3 or more loose or liquid stools per day

Question 2

Gastritis

Answer 2

inflammation of stomach

Question 3

Gastreoenteritis

Answer 3

inflammation of stomach and intestines

Question 4

Dysentery

Answer 4

Diarrhea with blood and pus in feces

pain, fever, cramping

Question 5

Enteritis

Answer 5

inflammatino of intestines, especially in small intestine

Question 6

Enterocolitis

Answer 6

inflammation of the mucosa of the small and large intestine

Question 7

Colitis

Answer 7

inflammation of large colon

Question 8

What are some signs it’s an inflammatory GI bacteria

Answer 8

more likely to see fecal occult or visible clood

more likely to see fecal leukocytes

Question 9

What are the 2 types of bacterial food poisoning

Answer 9

toxins produces by bacteria in food before it’s consumed

large numbers of spores ingested, which germinate in intestine

Question 10

What are some symptoms of bacterial food poisoning

Answer 10

diarrhea, vomiting, or both - NO FEVER

Question 11

What are the 4 bacteria causes of food poising

Answer 11

s. aureus
clostridium botulinum
clostridium perfringens
bacillus cereus

Question 12

Characteristics of s. aureus

Answer 12

gram positive cocci in clusters

Question 13

When does symptoms from food posioning from s. aureus start

Answer 13

1-8 hours after consumtion

Question 14

Pathogenesis of s. aureus

Answer 14

heat stable toxin that is injected

Question 15

Treatment for s. aureus food posioning

Answer 15

supportive treatment

Question 16

Chacteristics of clostridium botulinum

Answer 16

spore forming
gram positive
rod

Question 17

Early symptoms of clostridium botulinum

Answer 17

vomiting, diarrhea, cramping 1-8 hr after injustion or preformed toxin or 8-16 hours after ingestino of spores

Question 18

Late symptoms of clostridium botulinum

Answer 18

flaccid paralysis, progressive muscle weakness & respiratory arrest

Question 19

Botulism toxin

Answer 19

acts at neuromuscular nerve junctions, blocks acetylcholine release, inhibiting muscle stimulation

Question 20

When do you often see clostridium botulinum

Answer 20

infants and honey

home-canning

Question 21

Complications of clostridium botulinum

Answer 21

lingering weakness, dyspnea,

Question 22

treatment of clostridium botulinum

Answer 22

supportive therapy, IV anti-toxin administration

Question 23

Infant botulism (floppy baby syndrome)

Answer 23

germiniation of c. botulinum spores in intestines
associated with honey
milder/lower morality than adult

Question 24

Clostridium perfringens

Answer 24

gram positive, rod

spore forming

Question 25

What is clostridium perfringens mediated by

Answer 25

c. perfringens enterotoxin

Question 26

What is clostridium perfringens associated with

Answer 26

meat products/gravies held at below recommended temps

Question 27

Symptoms of clostriudium perfringens

Answer 27

diarrhea/cramps 8-16 hours post ingestion, lasts 24 hrs

Question 28

What is the treatment for clostriudium perfringens

Answer 28

supportive therapy

Question 29

Characteristics of bacillus cereus

Answer 29

gram positive | spore forming

Question 30

Emetic form of bacillus cereus

Answer 30

ingestino of preformed heat-stable enterotoxin | onset of vomiting, nauseam cramping 1-8hr after injection

Question 31

What is the emetic form of bacillus cereus associated with

Answer 31

improper storage of cooked rice

Question 32

Diarrheal form of bacillus cereus

Answer 32

onset of diarrhea, nausea, cramps 8-16 hrs after injections | produces heat-liable enterotoxin in intestine

Question 33

Treatment of bacillus cereus

Answer 33

supportive therapy

Question 34

Characteristics of helicobacter pylori

Answer 34

gram negative, curved rod | microaerophilic

Question 35

What does helicobacter pylori casues

Answer 35

ulcers chronic gastriitis can lead to stomach cancers

Question 36

Pathogensis of helicobacter pylori

Answer 36

flagella urease cytotoxin-VacA adhesins

Question 37

Diagnosis helicobacter pylori

Answer 37

urea breath test | biopsy

Question 38

How do you treat helicobacter pylori

Answer 38

antibiotics | proton pump inhibitor

Question 39

Listeria monocytogenes characteristics

Answer 39

gram positive, facultative anaerobic | short rods in pairs

Question 40

Survival traits of listeria monocytogenes

Answer 40

wide growth range resistant to high salt wide pH range

Question 41

Reservoirs of listeria monocytogenes

Answer 41

mammals, birds, fish

Question 42

What is the primary source of listeria monocytogenes

Answer 42

ready to eat meats, raw veggies

Question 43

How is listeria monocytogenes spread from person to person

Answer 43

mother to fetus

Question 44

Symptoms of listeria monocytogenes in healthy adults

Answer 44

usually asymptomatic, may have fever, nausea, diarrhea

Question 45

listeria monocytogenes can cause what in immunocompromised adults

Answer 45

bacteremia meningitis encephalitis

Question 46

What are symptoms of listeria monocytogenes in pregnant woman

Answer 46

key sign is fever with no obvious infection | also may develop nausea, fever, diarrhea

Question 47

What can listeria monocytogenes cause in infants

Answer 47

granulomatosis infantiseptica meningitis encephalitis

Question 48

granulomatosis infantiseptica

Answer 48

pyogenic granulomas distributed all over body

Question 49

Pathogenesis of listeria monocytogenes

Answer 49

adherence and induced uptake mediated by internalin-A internalized into endocytic vacuole acidification of vacuole/phagosome activates listeriolysin O Replicatio nin host cell cytosol ActA mediated actin polymerixation Disseminated infection

Question 50

Where can listeria monocytogenes spread to

Answer 50

liver, spleen, CNS

Question 51

How do you detect listeria monocytogenes

Answer 51

cold enrichment selection look for beta hemolysis motility test

Question 52

How do you treat listeria monocytogenes

Answer 52

bacta lactam or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

Question 53

How do you prevent listeria monocytogenes

Answer 53

no vax | cook food properly