Parasitic Infections of GI III

Question 1

3 basica structures of adult tapeworms

Answer 1

scolex, neck, body (strobilia)

Question 2

scolex

Answer 2

rounded head of the worm

Question 3

proglottids

Answer 3

individual segments

Question 4

What does it mean when humans are the definitive host

Answer 4

we are where the worms have sex.

Question 5

What does it mean if humans are the intermediate host

Answer 5

larval forms are found in other tissues, not in the large instetine

Question 6

Taenia saginata

Answer 6

beef tapeworm

Question 7

How is taenia saginata transmitted

Answer 7

ingestion of undercooked beef containing encysted larvae, humans are generally infected with a single adult worm

Question 8

Symptoms of taenia saginata

Answer 8

generally asymptomatic, mild abdominal pain, feeling full

Question 9

How do you prevent taenia saginata

Answer 9

prevent cattle from being infected

cook beef properly

Question 10

How do you diagnose taenia saginata

Answer 10

identify proglottids/eggs passed by infected person

Question 11

How is taenia solium intestinal disease transmitted

Answer 11

ingestion of undercooked pork containing cysts

Question 12

How is taenia solium extra-intestinal disease transmitted

Answer 12

ingestion of embryonated eggs

Question 13

Taenia solium extra-intestinal disease

Answer 13

ingested eggs hatch in intestine, release infectious larvae that enter circulation, travel to different parts of body. Create space filling lesion, get localized inflammation

Question 14

Neurocysticercosis

Answer 14

severe complication to taenia solium

get seizures/neulogical defects

Question 15

How do you diagnose taenia solium intestinal infection

Answer 15

proflottids or eggs in stool

Question 16

How do you diagnose taenia solium in extra-intestinal infection

Answer 16

CT scan, MRI, serology

Question 17

How do you prevent taenia solium

Answer 17

keep pigs away from people poop

cook pork properly

Question 18

What is fish tapeworm

Answer 18

diphyllobothrium latum

Question 19

What is the largest tapeworm infecting man

Answer 19

diphyllobothrium latum

Question 20

Where is diphyllobothrium latum found

Answer 20

fish from fresh water lakes in MN, MI, FL, and CA

Question 21

How is diphyllobothrium spread

Answer 21

ingestion of raw/undercooked fishes

Question 22

Symptoms of diphyllobothrium latum

Answer 22

asymptomatic of mild usually - infection with multiple worms can cause intestinal obstruction, rarely, pts get macrocytic anemia

Question 23

How do you prevent diphyllobothrium latum

Answer 23

limit exposure of fish to human feces

cook fish properly

Question 24

What is the dog tapeworm

Answer 24

echinoccus granulosus

Question 25

Humans are a _____ host to echinococcus granulosus

Answer 25

accidental

Question 26

How is echinococcus granulosus transmitted

Answer 26

ingestion of eggs via dog poop

Question 27

What is echinococcus granulosus associated with

Answer 27

livestock raised in associated with dogs

Question 28

Where do cysts form in echinococcus granulosus

Answer 28

liver, lung, brain, bone marrow

Question 29

hydatid cyst

Answer 29

fluid filled cyst, associated with echinococcus granulosus

Question 30

Ruptured cysts release large amounts of ______ inducing _____ in echinococcus granulosus

Answer 30

antigen | anaphylactic response

Question 31

How do you diagnose echinococcus granulosus

Answer 31

presence of cyst, history

Question 32

Humans are the _____ host of flukes

Answer 32

definitive

Question 33

______ are intermediate hosts of flukes

Answer 33

fresh water snails

Question 34

How are flukes transmitted

Answer 34

ingesting larval forms from snails

Question 35

Great intestinal fluke

Answer 35

fasciolopsis buski

Question 36

Where is fasciolopsis buski found

Answer 36

china, SE asia, india

Question 37

What are reservoirs of fasciolopsis buski

Answer 37

pigs, dogs, rabbits

Question 38

Symptoms of light infection of fasciolopsis buski

Answer 38

focal inflammation, intermittent diarrhea

Question 39

Symptoms of heavy infection of fasciolopsis buski

Answer 39

continuous diarrhea, intestinal hemorrhage, ulceration, abscess formation

Question 40

How do you prevent fasciolopsis buski

Answer 40

control snail populations, improved sanitation, restrict harvesting of aquatic plants from contaminated areas

Question 41

Types of liver flukes

Answer 41

fasciola hepatica | clonorchis sinensis

Question 42

F. hepatica is a parasite of waht

Answer 42

sheep, cattle humans

Question 43

How is F. helpatic acquired

Answer 43

aquatic plants

Question 44

Symptoms of F. hepatica

Answer 44

liver tenderness, hepatomegaly fever and eosinophilia jaundice

Question 45

How do you diagnose f. hepatica

Answer 45

eggs in feces

Question 46

Where is clonorchis sinensis

Answer 46

endemic through asia | very common in chinese immigrants

Question 47

How is clonorchis sinensis acquired

Answer 47

ingestion of under prepared fresh water fish

Question 48

Symptoms of light infections of clonorchis sinesis

Answer 48

asymptomatic

Question 49

Symptoms of heavy infections of clonorchis sinesis

Answer 49

biliary obstruction, jaundice, hepatitis, hepatomegaly, gallstones

Question 50

Heavily infected individuals with clonorchis sinesis are at a much greater risk to develop ____

Answer 50

bile duct cancer