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Micro Exam III > Parasitic Infections of GI III > Flashcards

Parasitic Infections of GI III Flashcards

1
Q

3 basica structures of adult tapeworms

A

scolex, neck, body (strobilia)

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2
Q

scolex

A

rounded head of the worm

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3
Q

proglottids

A

individual segments

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4
Q

What does it mean when humans are the definitive host

A

we are where the worms have sex.

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5
Q

What does it mean if humans are the intermediate host

A

larval forms are found in other tissues, not in the large instetine

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6
Q

Taenia saginata

A

beef tapeworm

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7
Q

How is taenia saginata transmitted

A

ingestion of undercooked beef containing encysted larvae, humans are generally infected with a single adult worm

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8
Q

Symptoms of taenia saginata

A

generally asymptomatic, mild abdominal pain, feeling full

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9
Q

How do you prevent taenia saginata

A

prevent cattle from being infected

cook beef properly

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10
Q

How do you diagnose taenia saginata

A

identify proglottids/eggs passed by infected person

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11
Q

How is taenia solium intestinal disease transmitted

A

ingestion of undercooked pork containing cysts

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12
Q

How is taenia solium extra-intestinal disease transmitted

A

ingestion of embryonated eggs

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13
Q

Taenia solium extra-intestinal disease

A

ingested eggs hatch in intestine, release infectious larvae that enter circulation, travel to different parts of body. Create space filling lesion, get localized inflammation

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14
Q

Neurocysticercosis

A

severe complication to taenia solium

get seizures/neulogical defects

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15
Q

How do you diagnose taenia solium intestinal infection

A

proflottids or eggs in stool

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16
Q

How do you diagnose taenia solium in extra-intestinal infection

A

CT scan, MRI, serology

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17
Q

How do you prevent taenia solium

A

keep pigs away from people poop

cook pork properly

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18
Q

What is fish tapeworm

A

diphyllobothrium latum

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19
Q

What is the largest tapeworm infecting man

A

diphyllobothrium latum

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20
Q

Where is diphyllobothrium latum found

A

fish from fresh water lakes in MN, MI, FL, and CA

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21
Q

How is diphyllobothrium spread

A

ingestion of raw/undercooked fishes

22
Q

Symptoms of diphyllobothrium latum

A

asymptomatic of mild usually - infection with multiple worms can cause intestinal obstruction, rarely, pts get macrocytic anemia

23
Q

How do you prevent diphyllobothrium latum

A

limit exposure of fish to human feces

cook fish properly

24
Q

What is the dog tapeworm

A

echinoccus granulosus

25
Q

Humans are a _____ host to echinococcus granulosus

A

accidental

26
Q

How is echinococcus granulosus transmitted

A

ingestion of eggs via dog poop

27
Q

What is echinococcus granulosus associated with

A

livestock raised in associated with dogs

28
Q

Where do cysts form in echinococcus granulosus

A

liver, lung, brain, bone marrow

29
Q

hydatid cyst

A

fluid filled cyst, associated with echinococcus granulosus

30
Q

Ruptured cysts release large amounts of ______ inducing _____ in echinococcus granulosus

A

antigen

anaphylactic response

31
Q

How do you diagnose echinococcus granulosus

A

presence of cyst, history

32
Q

Humans are the _____ host of flukes

A

definitive

33
Q

______ are intermediate hosts of flukes

A

fresh water snails

34
Q

How are flukes transmitted

A

ingesting larval forms from snails

35
Q

Great intestinal fluke

A

fasciolopsis buski

36
Q

Where is fasciolopsis buski found

A

china, SE asia, india

37
Q

What are reservoirs of fasciolopsis buski

A

pigs, dogs, rabbits

38
Q

Symptoms of light infection of fasciolopsis buski

A

focal inflammation, intermittent diarrhea

39
Q

Symptoms of heavy infection of fasciolopsis buski

A

continuous diarrhea, intestinal hemorrhage, ulceration, abscess formation

40
Q

How do you prevent fasciolopsis buski

A

control snail populations, improved sanitation, restrict harvesting of aquatic plants from contaminated areas

41
Q

Types of liver flukes

A

fasciola hepatica

clonorchis sinensis

42
Q

F. hepatica is a parasite of waht

A

sheep, cattle humans

43
Q

How is F. helpatic acquired

A

aquatic plants

44
Q

Symptoms of F. hepatica

A

liver tenderness, hepatomegaly
fever and eosinophilia
jaundice

45
Q

How do you diagnose f. hepatica

A

eggs in feces

46
Q

Where is clonorchis sinensis

A

endemic through asia

very common in chinese immigrants

47
Q

How is clonorchis sinensis acquired

A

ingestion of under prepared fresh water fish

48
Q

Symptoms of light infections of clonorchis sinesis

A

asymptomatic

49
Q

Symptoms of heavy infections of clonorchis sinesis

A

biliary obstruction, jaundice, hepatitis, hepatomegaly, gallstones

50
Q

Heavily infected individuals with clonorchis sinesis are at a much greater risk to develop ____

A

bile duct cancer

Micro Exam III (9 decks)

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